公开(公告)号：US5959693A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US852467

申请日：1997-05-07

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Jay R. Patel ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  John Shumate

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Jay R. Patel ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  John Shumate

IPC分类号： H04N5/21

CPC分类号： H04N5/21

摘要： A current pixel of a video image is adaptively filtered to provide stronger filtering when there is a high likelihood that noise is present. Weaker filtering is provided when the presence of a color and/or brightness edge is likely in the video image. Each pixel has luminance and chrominance amplitude values. In a filtering method, a current pixel is intermediate to first and second pixels in the video frame. Difference signals are determined based on the amplitude difference between the current pixel and first and second adjacent pixels. A plurality of available filters provide successively stronger filtering of the current pixel amplitude. One of the filters is selected for filtering the current pixel according to the difference signals. Secondary difference signals which indicate the amplitude difference between the current pixel and pixels which are adjacent to the first and second pixels are also considered in the selection process. The selection process may further be biased by a user-selectable control word. The scheme may also provide temporal filtering with successive video frames or images. Filtering with pixel interpolation may also be used.

摘要翻译： 当存在噪声的可能性高时，视频图像的当前像素被自适应地滤波以提供更强的滤波。 当视频图像中存在颜色和/或亮度边缘时，会提供较弱的滤镜。 每个像素具有亮度和色度幅度值。 在滤波方法中，当前像素在视频帧中的第一和第二像素之间。 基于当前像素与第一和第二相邻像素之间的幅度差来确定差分信号。 多个可用滤波器提供对当前像素幅度的连续更强的滤波。 选择滤波器之一根据差分信号对当前像素进行滤波。 在选择处理中也考虑了表示当前像素与与第一和第二像素相邻的像素之间的幅度差的二次差分信号。 选择过程还可以被用户可选择的控制字偏置。 该方案还可以提供具有连续视频帧或图像的时间滤波。 也可以使用像素插值进行滤波。

公开(公告)号：US20060109906A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-25

申请号：US11323892

申请日：2005-12-30

申请人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

发明人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

IPC分类号： H04N11/02 ,  H04N7/12 ,  H04N11/04 ,  H04B1/66

CPC分类号： H04N19/517 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/463 ,  H04N19/51

摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatus for dynamically adjusting f-codes for a digital picture header of a coded picture. A video encoder having at least one motion estimation stages is provided for encoding the current picture. Motion vectors are determined for one motion estimation stage of the encoder. The motion vectors are analyzed to determine a maximum motion vector range for the picture. A corresponding minimum f-code is determined for the maximum range. The minimum f-code is then inserted into the digital picture header. In this manner, the f-codes carried in the digital picture header can be reduced to the minimum required value, thus reducing the number of bits needed to encode the f-codes.

公开(公告)号：US20050094965A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10935694

申请日：2004-09-07

申请人： Jing Chen ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

发明人： Jing Chen ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

IPC分类号： H04N7/24 ,  H04N9/74

CPC分类号： H04N21/23424 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/587 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/44016

摘要： The present invention provides improvements of the rate control method during the transitions at the splice point. In one embodiment, black frames and/or mute audio frames are inserted at the splice point.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了在接合点的转变期间的速率控制方法的改进。 在一个实施例中，黑色帧和/或静音音频帧被插入到拼接点。

公开(公告)号：US20050041689A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-24

申请号：US10945641

申请日：2004-09-20

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  Vincent Liu ,  Ajay Luthra

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  Vincent Liu ,  Ajay Luthra

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2365 ,  H04L12/54 ,  H04J3/18

CPC分类号： H04N21/23608 ,  H04N19/115 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/197 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/23655

摘要： An efficient statistical remultiplexer for processing a number of channels that include video data. In one aspect, transcoding of the video data is delayed while statistical information is obtained from the data. Bit rate need parameters for the data are determined based on the statistical information, and the video data is transcoded based on the respective bit rate need parameters following the delay. In another aspect, a transcoding bit rate for video frames is updated a plurality of times at successive intervals to allow a closer monitoring of the bit rate. Minimum and maximum bounds for the transcoding bit rate, e.g., for buffer overflow and underflow protection, are also updated in each interval.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理包括视频数据的多个信道的有效统计再分集器。 在一个方面，视频数据的代码转换被延迟，同时从数据中获得统计信息。 基于统计信息确定数据的比特率需要参数，并且根据延迟后的各个比特率需求参数对视频数据进行代码转换。 在另一方面，视频帧的代码转换比特率以连续的间隔多次更新，以允许更仔细地监视比特率。 代码转换比特率的最小和最大限制，例如用于缓冲区溢出和下溢保护，也在每个间隔中被更新。

公开(公告)号：US20050152449A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-14

申请号：US10755429

申请日：2004-01-12

申请人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

发明人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

IPC分类号： H04N7/12 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50

CPC分类号： H04N19/198 ,  H04N19/115 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/137 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/48 ,  H04N19/61

摘要： A method and apparatus for processing a bitstream in a digital video transcoder is described. In one example, an adjustment factor is determined that relates a number of bits representing a selected frame defined by the bitstream to a target number of bits for the selected frame. An average spatial activity value among sets of video data is associated with the selected frame. A spatial activity value for a selected set of the sets of video data is determined. A normalized spatial, activity value for the selected set of frequency video data is then computed in response to the average spatial activity value, the spatial activity value, and a function of the adjustment factor. Target bit reduction for each of the sets of video data may be computed using a function of the normalized spatial activity value and the adjustment factor.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种在数字视频代码转换器中处理位流的方法和装置。 在一个示例中，确定将表示由比特流定义的所选帧的比特数的数目与所选择的帧的目标比特数相关联的调整因子。 视频数据组中的平均空间活动值与所选择的帧相关联。 确定所选择的一组视频数据的空间活动值。 然后响应于平均空间活动值，空间活动值和调整因子的函数来计算所选择的频率视频数据集合的归一化空间活动值。 可以使用归一化空间活动值和调整因子的函数来计算每组视频数据的目标比特缩减。

公开(公告)号：US06573945B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09481722

申请日：2000-01-12

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert Nemiroff

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert Nemiroff

IPC分类号： H04N726

CPC分类号： H04N19/439 ,  H04N19/467

摘要： An encoder and encoding method for inserting logos into a digital television signal. The logo insertion is performed at the front end of the encoder (e.g., prior to compression) by sharing the video capture frame buffer of the encoder, so there is no need for a separate logo inserter with a separate buffer, and encoding cost are reduced. An alpha blending function receives logo image and logo alpha map data for blending with input video data. The input video is retrieved from the frame buffer, and written back to the frame buffer after blending with the logo data. Subsequently, the frame buffer contents are provided to a pre-processing function for filtering and film mode detection. For a film mode frame, a drop field decision is provided from the pre-processing function to the frame buffer to drop the redundant field. The pre-processed video data is then provided for conventional compression processing. In an HDTV embodiment, several compressors are provided which each receive a panel of a video frame.

摘要翻译： 一种将标志插入数字电视信号的编码器和编码方法。 通过共享编码器的视频捕获帧缓冲器，在编码器的前端（例如，在压缩之前）执行徽标插入，因此不需要具有单独的缓冲器的单独的标识插入器，并且编码成本降低 。 阿尔法混合功能接收标志图像和标志阿尔法地图数据，用于与输入视频数据混合。 从帧缓冲器检索输入视频，并在与标识数据混合后将其写回帧缓冲区。 随后，将帧缓冲器内容提供给用于滤波和胶片模式检测的预处理功能。 对于电影模式帧，从预处理功能向帧缓冲器提供丢弃场决定以丢弃冗余字段。 然后提供预处理的视频数据用于常规压缩处理。 在HDTV实施例中，提供了几个压缩机，每个压缩机都接收视频帧的面板。

公开(公告)号：US20050259695A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-24

申请号：US11030034

申请日：2005-01-06

申请人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Michael Casteloes ,  Ken-Ho Chang

发明人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Michael Casteloes ,  Ken-Ho Chang

IPC分类号： H04J3/06 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04N7/24

CPC分类号： H04N21/4307 ,  H04J3/0632 ,  H04J3/1635 ,  H04N21/23608 ,  H04N21/4305 ,  H04N21/4344

摘要： A method (30) for a converting a DS3 transport stream to MPEG-2 packets over an ASI transport stream includes: extracting (31) MPEG-2 packets along with PCR values; calculating (27) a new PCR value to compensate for packet time shift; and replacing (28) the extracted PCR value with the new PCR value prior to outputting MPEG-2 packets. The method (30) also includes outputting (28) the MPEG-2 packets over the ASI transport upon arrival in the DS3 transport stream in a bursty manner without storing them in a buffer, but rather only storing (36) extracted PCRs in memory, delaying (33) output of MPEG_2 packets over the ASI transport while adjusting PCRs; generating (37) a timing signal (TS_pkt) indicating a time that an MPEG-2 packet arrives; generating (39) a timing signal (TS_info) indicating a time that an MPEG-2 packet should be output over the ASI transport, and calculating PCR_new=PCR_old+(TS_pkt−TS_info) in which PCR_new is a new PCR and PCR_old is an extracted PCR. An apparatus (20) for processing a DS3 transport stream carrying an MPEG-2 payload includes a DS3 receiver (26) to receive the DS3 transport stream and to output a data signal and a clock signal. The DS3 receiver (26) includes a DS3 interface (23) to receive DS3 packets and to discard null packets, and a DS3 PCR correction (24) to determine if received DS3 packets include PCRs and to adjust PCRs by a difference of a time that a DS3 packet arrives (TS_pkt), and a time at which an MPEG-2 packet would start to be transmitted over the ASI transport (TS_info) prior to outputting the MPEG-2 packet.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过ASI传输流将DS3传输流转换为MPEG-2分组的方法（30）包括：提取（31）MPEG-2分组以及PCR值; 计算（27）新的PCR值以补偿分组时间偏移; 并在输出MPEG-2分组之前用新的PCR值代替（28）提取的PCR值。 所述方法（30）还包括：以突发方式到达所述DS3传输流中时通过所述ASI传输输出（28）所述MPEG-2分组，而不将其存储在缓冲器中，而仅将存储（36）提取的PCR存储在存储器中， 在调整PCR时，延迟（33）输出MPEG_2数据包通过ASI传输; 产生（37）指示MPEG-2分组到达的时间的定时信号（TS_pkt）; 产生（39）指示在ASI传输上应该输出MPEG-2分组的时间的定时信号（TS_info），并且计算PCR_new = PCR_old +（TS_pkt-TS_info），其中PCR_new是新的PCR，PCR_old是提取的PCR 。 用于处理携带MPEG-2有效载荷的DS3传输流的装置（20）包括用于接收DS3传输流并输出数据信号和时钟信号的DS3接收器（26）。 DS3接收机（26）包括接收DS3分组并丢弃空分组的DS3接口（23），以及DS3 PCR校正（24），以确定接收的DS3分组是否包括PCR，并且通过时间差 DS3分组到达（TS_pkt），以及MPEG-2分组将在输出MPEG-2分组之前通过ASI传输（TS_info）开始传输的时间。

公开(公告)号：US6137837A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US12815

申请日：1998-01-23

申请人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Vicky B. Kaku

发明人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Vicky B. Kaku

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/36

CPC分类号： H04N19/51

摘要： A method and apparatus for efficient motion estimation of a digital video image wherein memory capacity and processing requirements are reduced by 50% or more, and image quality is maintained. Only a portion of the pixel data of a search window is used to perform motion estimation. Specifically, a portion of the pixel data of a previous image is retrieved and stored in a memory according to a search window pattern such as a fixed checkerboard pattern. Pixel data from the current image is alternated between first and second inverse checkerboard patterns for successive comparison regions of the search window. The scheme is compatible with frame or field mode video sequences.

摘要翻译： 一种用于数字视频图像的有效运动估计的方法和装置，其中存储容量和处理要求降低了50％或更多，并且保持了图像质量。 仅使用搜索窗口的像素数据的一部分来执行运动估计。 具体地，根据诸如固定棋盘图案的搜索窗口图案，检索先前图像的像素数据的一部分并将其存储在存储器中。 来自当前图像的像素数据在搜索窗口的连续比较区域的第一和第二反棋盘图案之间交替。 该方案与帧或场模式视频序列兼容。

公开(公告)号：US20060072832A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-06

申请号：US10952116

申请日：2004-09-28

申请人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Yong He

发明人： Robert Nemiroff ,  Yong He

IPC分类号： G06K9/36

CPC分类号： H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/114 ,  H04N19/137 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/61

摘要： A method (60) and apparatus process video in a multiple encoder system by identifying (61) those frames that were originally encoded as anchor frames in the first encoder and ensuring that the second encoder (e.g., the re-encoder) encodes (65) these identified frames as anchor frames rather than bidirectional frames or non-anchor frames. In addition, the second encoder identifies (62) those frames that were originally encoded as non-anchor frames in the first encoder and encodes (66) the non-anchor frames, such as bidirectional frames, as non-anchor frames during the second encoding process. Once the anchor frames (and non-anchor frames) are identified, the present invention also determines (63) a frame-type pattern output by the first encoder and synchronizes (64) the second encoder to the identified frame-type pattern of the first encoder, thereby ensuring optimal utilization of encoder resources. A method for determining frame type (80) based on relative spatial activity is also set forth. Moreover, methods for frame-type-synchronizing (70, 100) are disclosed as well. Moreover, a method for determining a pattern of frame types is disclosed.

摘要翻译： 一种方法（60），并且在多编码器系统中通过识别（61）最初被编码为第一编码器中的锚帧的帧并且确保第二编码器（例如，重编码器）编码（65）的装置来处理视频， 这些识别的帧作为锚帧，而不是双向帧或非锚帧。 另外，第二编码器识别（62）在第一编码器中最初被编码为非锚定帧的那些帧，并且在第二编码期间将（66）非锚定帧（例如双向帧）编码为非锚定帧 处理。 一旦锚定帧（和非锚定帧）被识别，本发明还确定（63）由第一编码器输出的帧型图案，并且将第二编码器与第一编码器识别出的帧类型图案同步（64） 编码器，从而确保编码器资源的最佳利用。 还提出了一种基于相对空间活动来确定帧类型（80）的方法。 此外，还公开了帧类型同步的方法（70,100）。 此外，公开了一种用于确定帧类型的模式的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20050041099A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-24

申请号：US10639952

申请日：2003-08-12

申请人： Robert Nemiroff

发明人： Robert Nemiroff

IPC分类号： G11B27/031 ,  G11B27/034 ,  H04N5/253

CPC分类号： G11B27/034 ,  G11B27/031 ,  G11B2220/20

摘要： A method for editing spliced-together video comprising a cut-out sequence followed by a cut-in sequence, both being in 3:2 pull-down format. A bad edit is detected, and either a number of contiguous frames at the end of the cut-out sequence and/or a number of contiguous frames at the beginning of the cut-in sequence are deleted in order that the 3:2 pull-down sequence is preserved in the spliced-together video. Alternatively, a first number of frames at the end of the cut-out sequence and/or a second number of frames at the beginning of the cut-in sequence are copied/renamed and inserted from other fields in order that the pull-down format is preserved in the spliced-together video.

摘要翻译： 一种用于编辑拼接在一起的视频的方法，包括切入序列，后面是切入序列，均为3：2下拉格式。 检测到坏的编辑，并且删除在剪辑序列的结尾处的多个连续的帧和/或在切入序列的开头的多个连续的帧，以便3： 下拉序列保留在拼接在一起的视频中。 或者，在切出序列的结尾处的第一数量的帧和/或在切入序列的开始处的第二数量的帧被复制/重命名并从其他字段插入，以便下拉格式 被保存在拼接在一起的视频中。