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    Method to produce a transition metal carbide from a partially reduced transition metal compound
    1.
    发明授权
    Method to produce a transition metal carbide from a partially reduced transition metal compound 失效
    从部分还原的过渡金属化合物制备过渡金属碳化物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06495115B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

    申请号：US08703153

    申请日：1996-08-29

    申请人： Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Kevin J. Nilsen ,  Gabrielle R. Lasher ,  Joseph F. Repman ,  Hobart A. Barker ,  Alan W. Weimer

    发明人： Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Kevin J. Nilsen ,  Gabrielle R. Lasher ,  Joseph F. Repman ,  Hobart A. Barker ,  Alan W. Weimer

    IPC分类号： C01B3130

    CPC分类号： C01B32/949 ,  C01B32/914 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2006/11 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/80

    摘要： A transition metal carbide is formed from a precursor mixture comprising at least one of the group consisting of: a transition metal, a transition metal carbide and a transition metal oxide. The precursor mixture may contain the desired transition metal carbide (e.g., WC), but if the desired transition metal carbide is present in the precursor mixture, there is necessarily a significant amount of another compound such as a transition metal oxide, undesired carbide (e.g., W2C) or transition metal. The method involves forming an admixture by mixing the precursor mixture with a sufficient amount of carbon to carburize the precursor mixture to the transition metal carbide and reacting the admixture in an inert or reducing atmosphere at a temperature for a time sufficient to convert the admixture to the transition metal carbide, wherein the admixture is reacted in the presence of a means to enhance transfer of heat into the admixture, an inert or reducing gas flowing through at least a portion of the admixture or combination thereof.

    摘要翻译： 过渡金属碳化物由包含过渡金属，过渡金属碳化物和过渡金属氧化物中的至少一种的前体混合物形成。 前体混合物可以含有所需的过渡金属碳化物（例如WC），但是如果所需的过渡金属碳化物存在于前体混合物中，则必须有大量的其它化合物，例如过渡金属氧化物，不期望的碳化物（例如 ，W2C）或过渡金属。 该方法包括通过将前体混合物与足够量的碳混合来形成混合物，以将前体混合物渗碳到过渡金属碳化物，并将该混合物在惰性或还原性气氛中在足以将混合物转化为 过渡金属碳化物，其中所述混合物在增加热量进入所述混合物的手段的存在下反应，惰性或还原气体流过所述混合物的至少一部分或其组合。

    Method to produce a transition metal carbide from a partially reduced transition metal compound
    5.
    发明授权
    Method to produce a transition metal carbide from a partially reduced transition metal compound 失效
    从部分还原的过渡金属化合物制备过渡金属碳化物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5942204A

    公开(公告)日：1999-08-24

    申请号：US967965

    申请日：1997-11-12

    申请人： Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Hobart A. Barker ,  John P. Henley ,  Pat J. DeLuca ,  Tom J. Bunnelle ,  Joe F. Repman ,  Daniel F. Carroll ,  Stephen A. Anderson

    发明人： Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Hobart A. Barker ,  John P. Henley ,  Pat J. DeLuca ,  Tom J. Bunnelle ,  Joe F. Repman ,  Daniel F. Carroll ,  Stephen A. Anderson

    IPC分类号： C01B31/30 ,  C01B31/34

    CPC分类号： C01B31/303 ,  C01B31/305 ,  C01B31/34 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/80

    摘要： A transition metal carbide (e.g., WC) is prepared by the following steps. A carbon-precursor mixture is formed by mixing a precursor comprised of (i) a transition metal oxide (e.g., WO.sub.x) and (ii) a material selected from the group consisting of: a transition metal (e.g., W); a transition metal carbide (e.g., WC) and a substoichiometric carbide (W.sub.2 C), in the presence of a source of carbon (e.g., carbon black) in an amount sufficient to form a reduced mixture comprised of the transition metal carbide and substoichiometric transition metal carbide, wherein the amount of the transition metal oxide and transition metal is essentially zero in said reduced mixture. The carbon-precursor mixture is heated in a reducing atmosphere (e.g., 5 percent hydrogen in argon) to a reducing temperature and for a time sufficient to produce the reduced mixture. The reduced mixture is milled in the presence of a source of carbon in an amount sufficient to carburize the substoichiometric transition metal carbide to form the transition metal upon heating in a reducing atmosphere. Finally, the milled reduced mixture is heated in a reducing atmosphere to a carburizing temperature that is greater than the reducing temperature for a time sufficient to carburize the substoichiometric transition metal carbide to form the transition metal carbide of this invention (e.g., WC).

    摘要翻译： 通过以下步骤制备过渡金属碳化物（例如WC）。 通过混合由（i）过渡金属氧化物（例如WOx）和（ii）选自以下的材料组成的前体形成碳前体混合物：过渡金属（例如W）; 在碳源（例如炭黑）存在下，过渡金属碳化物（例如WC）和亚化学计量碳化物（W2C）的量足以形成由过渡金属碳化物和亚化学计量过渡金属组成的还原混合物 碳化物，其中过渡金属氧化物和过渡金属的量在所述还原的混合物中基本为零。 将碳前体混合物在还原气氛（例如氩气中的5％氢气）中加热至还原温度并持续足以产生还原混合物的时间。 将还原的混合物在碳源存在下研磨，其量足以使亚化学计量过渡金属碳化物渗碳以在还原气氛中加热时形成过渡金属。 最后，将研磨后的还原混合物在还原气氛中加热至大于还原温度的渗碳温度足以使亚化学计量过渡金属碳化物渗碳形成本发明的过渡金属碳化物（例如WC）的时间。

    Method for making submicrometer transition metal carbonitrides
    7.
    发明授权
    Method for making submicrometer transition metal carbonitrides 失效
    亚微米过渡金属碳氮化物的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US5756410A

    公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

    申请号：US807165

    申请日：1997-02-27

    申请人： Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Alan W. Weimer

    发明人： Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Alan W. Weimer

    IPC分类号： C04B35/56 ,  C01B21/082 ,  C01G41/00 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C01B21/00

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C01B21/0828 ,  C01P2004/61 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64

    摘要： A submicrometer transition metal carbonitride is produced having the formula: M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.(1-a-b) (C.sub.1-x) N.sub.x).sub.z wherein M is Ti, Zr or Hf; M' is V, Nb or Ta; M" is Cr, Mo or W; a ranges from 0 to 1; b ranges from 0 to 1 with the proviso that (a +b) is less than or equal to 1; x ranges from about 0.02 to about 0.95 and z ranges from about 0.9 to about 2. The transition metal carbonitride is produced by mixing (a) a transition metal oxide source of a transition metal in the above formula and (b) a carbon source such as carbon black. This mixture is heated at a rate of between about 100K/sec to about 100,000,000K/sec in a nitrogen containing non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen or nitrogen mixed with argon to an elevated temperature that makes carbothermal reduction of the transition metal oxide source thermodynamically favorable for a residence time sufficient to convert the transition metal oxide source into at least one product selected from the group consisting of (i) a transition metal carbonitride and (ii) a transition metal carbonitride precursor. The product may be exposed to a finishing step involving heating the product to a temperature less than the elevated temperature in a finishing atmosphere such as nitrogen, hydrogen, inert gas or combinations thereof to form submicrometer carbonitrides of higher purity or different stoichiometry.

    摘要翻译： 制备亚微米过渡金属碳氮化物，其具有下式：MaM'bM“（1-a-b）（C1-x）Nx）z，其中M是Ti，Zr或Hf; M'为V，Nb或Ta; M“是Cr，Mo或W; a范围从0到1; b的范围为0至1，条件是（a + b）小于或等于1; x的范围为约0.02至约0.95，z的范围为约0.9至约2.过渡金属碳氮化物通过将（a）过渡金属的过渡金属氧化物源与上述式（b）中的碳源 作为炭黑。 将这种混合物在氮气或氮气混合的含氮非氧化性气体的氮气中以约100K /秒至约100,000,000K /秒的速率加热至高温，从而使过渡金属氧化物源热力学地进行碳热还原 有利于将过渡金属氧化物源转化成选自（i）过渡金属碳氮化物和（ii）过渡金属碳氮化物前体中的至少一种产物的停留时间。 该产品可能暴露于整理步骤，包括在最终气氛例如氮气，氢气，惰性气体或其组合中将产品加热至低于升高温度的温度，以形成更高纯度或不同化学计量的亚微米碳氮化物。

    Cemented ceramic article made from ultrafine solid solution powders, method of making same, and the material thereof
    8.
    发明授权
    Cemented ceramic article made from ultrafine solid solution powders, method of making same, and the material thereof 失效
    由超细固溶粉末制成的水泥陶瓷制品，其制造方法及其材料

    公开(公告)号：US5580666A

    公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

    申请号：US375759

    申请日：1995-01-20

    申请人： Ellen M. Dubensky ,  Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Daniel F. Carroll

    发明人： Ellen M. Dubensky ,  Stephen D. Dunmead ,  Daniel F. Carroll

    IPC分类号： C22C29/06 ,  C22C1/05 ,  C22C29/08 ,  B22F7/06

    CPC分类号： C22C29/08 ,  Y10T428/12014 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12049 ,  Y10T428/12056 ,  Y10T428/1216

    摘要： A multi-phase cemented ceramic article, method of making same, and the material thereof is disclosed which is useful for machining and forming of metals, including ferrous metals, titanium, aluminum and other metals. The article and its material preferably includes novel microstructures including platelets, a range of grain sizes which yields superior hardness and other characteristics, and a lower tungsten concentration within the binder phase than has been seen in the prior art. The preferred composition includes ultrafine WC, an ultrafine solid solution of (Ti, Ta, W)C, and a cobalt binder. Platelets are formed in-situ, eliminating the need to add them during manufacture for improving toughness.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种多相胶合陶瓷制品，其制造方法及其材料，其可用于包括黑色金属，钛，铝和其它金属的金属的机械加工和成型。 该物品及其材料优选包括新颖的微结构，包括血小板，一系列晶粒尺寸，其产生优异的硬度和其它特性，以及在粘结相中比在现有技术中已经看到的更低的钨浓度。 优选的组合物包括超细WC，（Ti，Ta，W）C和钴粘合剂的超细固溶体。 血小板原位形成，无需在制造过程中添加血小板来提高韧性。