摘要:
A matrix-type liquid crystal device is formed so as to have a matrix of pixels defined by and isolated from each other by an outside-pixel region. The liquid crystal in the outside-pixel region in placed in an alignment state, typically a homeotropic state or one close thereto, which is different from an alignment state, typically a homogeneous uniform alignment state, at the pixel region. As a result, the liquid crystal device is provided with improved display qualities due to suppression of irregularities at the outside-pixel region and/or a local pressure distribution.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device is formed by a pair of substrates each having thereon electrodes, and a liquid crystal disposed between the substrates so as to be movable along surfaces of the substrates. The liquid crystal is disposed over regions extending between the surfaces of the substrates including an effective optical modulation region, a first peripheral region outside the effective optical modulation region and a second peripheral region formed along a part or an entirety of outer periphery of the first peripheral region. The liquid crystal is disposed to have a higher liquid crystal molecular pretilt angle in the first peripheral region than in the effective optical modulation region. The liquid crystal is disposed in a random alignment state free from uniaxial alignment characteristic or in a layer structure in the second peripheral region. As a result, the liquid crystal molecular movement along the extension of substrates is suppressed in the effective optical modulation region and in the second peripheral region and relatively allowed in the first peripheral region, so that the impurities in the liquid crystal are confined in the second peripheral region while avoiding the liquid crystal thickness irregularity.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of oppositely disposed substrates having opposing inner surfaces and opposing electrodes thereon, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal assuming two stable states disposed between the opposing electrodes. The opposing inner surfaces of the pair of substrates have been subjected to an aligning treatment such that the liquid crystal placed in one of the two stable states moves under application of an electric field in a direction identical to one in which the liquid crystal placed in the other of the two stable states moves under the application of the electric field. The liquid crystal device has an effective optical modulation region and a peripheral region outside the effective optical modulation region, wherein the effective optical modulation region and the photosensitive member have been subjected to different aligning treatments. In the liquid crystal device thus constituted, a liquid crystal movement liable to cause yellowing or fluctuation in drive parameters otherwise is effectively compensated by a liquid crystal movement in the peripheral region.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of oppositely disposed substrates having opposing inner surfaces and opposing electrodes thereon, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal assuming two stable states disposed between the opposing electrodes. The opposing inner surfaces of the pair of substrates have been subjected to an aligning treatment such that the liquid crystal placed in one of the two stable states moves under application of an electric field in a direction identical to one in which the liquid crystal placed in the other of the two stable states moves under the application of the electric field. The liquid crystal device has an effective optical modulation region and a peripheral region outside the effective optical modulation region, wherein the effective optical modulation region and the photosensitive member have been subjected to different aligning treatments. In the liquid crystal device thus constituted, a liquid crystal movement liable to cause yellowing or fluctuation in drive parameters otherwise is effectively compensated by a liquid crystal movement in the peripheral region.
摘要:
A deposition of bubbles or foams to an inner wall of a liquid supplying member is prevented, thereby improving ejecting performance of the bubbles or foams. In the liquid supplying member which forms a flow path for supplying a liquid to a liquid discharging apparatus, the inner wall surface has a concave/convex shape in which a mountain portion and a valley portion are repeated at a predetermined spatial frequency. Assuming that an opening diameter of a filter provided for the liquid discharging apparatus is equal to R (μm), one period f (μm) of the spatial frequency lies within a range from R or more to √{square root over (2)}·R or less and a maximum height Ry (μm) of the mountain portion is equal to √{square root over (2)}·R/2 or more.
摘要:
A bolt is provided with a head part and a shank part. The shank part includes a first constant diameter cylindrical part, a transition part, a cylindrical connection part, and a second constant diameter cylindrical part concentrically extending from the first constant diameter cylindrical part to the second constant diameter cylindrical part. The first constant diameter cylindrical part has a screw thread with a predetermined pitch formed on the side surface thereof. The transition part has a tapered shape and has a screw thread with a predetermined pitch formed on the side surface thereof. The cylindrical connection part has a diameter smaller than that of the first constant diameter part. The second constant diameter cylindrical part has a diameter smaller than the first constant diameter part, and has a screw thread with a predetermined pitch formed on the side surface thereof. The crest part of the screw thread formed on the side surface of the transition part is truncated.
摘要:
Provided are a CVD system and a CVD process which can grow excellent compound semiconductor thin films of two or more components having least defects and which enjoy high source gas utilization efficiency and increased productivity. According to the CVD system and the CVD process, at least two kinds of source gases are introduced parallel to the surface of a substrate 11 placed in a reactor 10 to grow a compound semiconductor thin film of two or more components on the surface of the substrate 11. The CVD system contains two separators 18, 19 disposed in the reactor 10 on the upstream side of the substrate mounting section to be parallel to the surface of the substrate 11 so as to define in the reactor three parallel layers of passages consisting of a first passage 20, a second passage 21 and a third passage 22; a first CVD gas introducing pipe 23 communicating to the first passage 20; a second CVD gas introducing pipe 24 communicating to the second passage 21; and a deposition accelerating gas introducing pipe 25 communicating to the third passage 22.
摘要:
Upper and lower leaf springs linear-movably support a sub movable portion with respect to a sub fixed portion. Each of the upper and lower leaf springs has a substantially symmetrical shape, which is symmetric with respect to a center portion thereof, so as to be mounted on the sub fixed portion at the center portion and so as to be mounted on the sub movable portions at both end portions thereof. Each of the upper and lower leaf springs has at least one pair of bending portions, which is symmetric with respect to the center portion, between the center portion and the both end portions.
摘要:
In a video game machine, a character's action is scored according to whether or not a game player operates an operation unit at a suitable timing. An action selecting control function urges the game player to select an action. A command specifying control function specifies a command representing a combination of operations to be performed by the game player when a competitor reaches a predetermined distance from a course lip of a half-pipe course and causes a display unit to display the specified combination of operations corresponding to the selected action. A command input determining function determines whether the specified command has been input before the competitor reaches the course lip. An action conducting control function causes the competitor to conduct the selected action when the specified command is input. A scoring control function scores the competitor's action in view of five performance elements.
摘要:
A deposition of bubbles or foams to an inner wall of a liquid supplying member is prevented, thereby improving ejecting performance of the bubbles or foams. In the liquid supplying member which forms a flow path for supplying a liquid to a liquid discharging apparatus, the inner wall surface has a concave/convex shape in which a mountain portion and a valley portion are repeated at a predetermined spatial frequency. Assuming that an opening diameter of a filter provided for the liquid discharging apparatus is equal to R (μm), one period f (μm)of the spatial frequency lies within a range from R or more to √{square root over (2)}·R or less and a maximum height Ry (μm) of the mountain portion is equal to √{square root over (2)}·R/2 or more.