摘要:
A planar optical waveguide device including a substrate having a first coefficient of thermal expansion; a lower cladding layer formed on the substrate, the lower cladding layer having a second coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than the first coefficient of thermal expansion; a core formed on the lower cladding layer; an upper cladding layer formed on the lower cladding layer so as to cover the core, the upper cladding layer having the second coefficient of thermal expansion; and a plurality of grooves formed in the upper and lower cladding layers on the opposite sides of the core so as to extend along the core. The planar optical waveguide device further includes a contraction material filling each groove and fixed to the upper and lower cladding layers. The contraction material may be provided by a thermosetting resin.
摘要:
A burst mode optical transmitter circuit comprises a semiconductor laser, a photodiode for monitoring the light output from the semiconductor laser, a current-voltage converting circuit for converting the current detected by the photodiode into a voltage, an APC amplifier, a holding circuit for holding, as a current control signal, the output signal from the APC amplifier, a driving circuit for supplying a driving current to the semiconductor laser according the current control signal from the holding circuit and the the data input in the burst mode, and a data interruption detecting circuit for detecting an interrupt period of the data input to the driving circuit to reset the holding circuit, in which the current control signal held in the hold circuit is reset by the reset signal, whereby a stable burst optical transmission can be performed stably with a simple construction.
摘要:
First diffusion region constituting a photodiode in each pixel stores carriers generated according to incident light. Second diffusion region is formed at a surface of the first diffusion region to cover a peripheral part of the first diffusion region. In the peripheral part of the first diffusion region, crystal defects tend to occur by a process of forming an isolation region and a gate electrode, so that dark current noise tends to occur. The second diffusion region functioning as a protection layer prevents crystal defects in a manufacturing process. The second diffusion region isn't formed on a center of the surface of the first diffusion region where crystal defects don't tend to occur. In the first diffusion region where the second diffusion region isn't formed, the thickness of a depletion layer increases, which improves light detection sensitivity. This improves detection sensitivity of the photodiode without increasing the dark current noise.
摘要:
In measurement of wireless channels in an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN), in the case of multi-channel measurement as in North America in which eight wireless channels Ch1 through Ch8 are available, channel measurement according to a predetermined algorithm is made in which odd-numbered channels Ch1, Ch3, Ch5 and Ch7 are first measured, and if radio interference occurs in channel Ch5, channels Ch4 and Ch6 adjacent to channel Ch5 are measured. This shortens the measurement time that conventionally corresponds to measurement of the eight channels to the time of six channels, i.e., the sum of the measurement time for the odd-numbered channels and that for the channels adjacent to the interference-occurring channel.
摘要:
Using a switching signal from a coarse/fine switching and operation mode switching circuit, the width of change of a counter control value during power up is increased, and the width of change is reduced once a steady state is reached. In the steady state, the frequency of updating is limited by a control signal from an update permit control circuit. In the steady state, the frequency band of a current source in an LD driving circuit is reduced in width.
摘要:
A solid-state image pickup apparatus includes a pixel unit consisting of a plurality of pixels; a pixel control unit for controlling the plurality of pixels; a readout unit for reading a signal of each pixel output from the pixel unit; a shutter unit for establishing a state of a light incident to the pixel unit and that of shielding the pixel unit from the light; and a control unit. The control unit includes an exposure mode changeover unit for changing over an exposure mode to either a first exposure mode performing a simultaneous exposure for all pixels or a second exposure mode performing an exposure for each of a predetermined unit of pixels. The control unit controls the pixel control unit, readout unit and shutter unit according to an exposure mode changed over by the exposure mode changeover unit.
摘要:
A solid-state imaging device has a substrate in which are formed a pixel array portion having a plurality of pixels, and a peripheral circuitry portion. The device is characterized in that a first multilevel metallization structure is formed over the peripheral circuitry portion, and a second multilevel metallization structure thinner than the first multilevel metallization structure is formed over the pixel array portion.
摘要:
Using a switching signal from a coarse/fine switching and operation mode switching circuit, the width of change of a counter control value during power up is increased, and the width of change is reduced once a steady state is reached. In the steady state, the frequency of updating is limited by a control signal from an update permit control circuit. In the steady state, the frequency band of a current source in an LD driving circuit is reduced in width.
摘要:
The present invention provides a light emitting element driving apparatus having a driving unit for driving a light emitting element by means of a driving signal while performing automatic light power control, which enables a light output to rise at a high speed in the head portion of a burst signal to be first inputted and light outputs of a second burst signal after the first burst signal and signals thereafter to be stably supplied irrespective of holding time. To this end, the light emitting element driving apparatus comprises a reference voltage generation unit for generating a reference voltage from an input electric signal containing data information, the reference voltage being used for obtaining a light output having specified power from the light emitting element in a normal condition, a monitoring voltage generation unit for generating a monitoring voltage signal corresponding to power of an optical signal outputted from the light emitting element, a light power control unit for controlling, based on a result of comparison from the reference voltage and the monitoring voltage signal, the driving unit by a discrete control amount such that a light output from the light emitting element can have the specified power and an initial value setting unit for setting a raising component as an initial value in a control signal having the discrete control amount.
摘要:
An opto-semiconductor device is disclosed which is provided with a quantum well structure comprising a first and a second barrier layer and a well layer sandwiched by the barrier layers. The barrier layers are provided in at least part thereof with a strain layer enabled to generate an internal electric field by a piezoelectric effect. The barrier layers are adapted to sandwich the well layers.