摘要:
When each of a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor represented by the composition formula (I) of Ln.sub.2 O.sub.2 S:xRe, yM wherein Ln represents at least one rare earth element selected from Y, La and Gd; Re represents at least one rare earth element selected from Pr and Tb; M represents at least one element selected from Nb, Ta and Mn; and x and y are numbers which satisfy the conditions of 1.times.10.sup.-4 .ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.2 and 0.01 ppm .ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1000 ppm, respectively, and a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor represented by the composition formula (II) of (Gd .sub.1-x-y-z, Pr.sub.x, Sc.sub.y, Ce.sub.z).sub.2 O.sub.2 S wherein x, y and z are numbers which satisfy the conditions of 10.sup.-4 .ltoreq.x.ltoreq.2.times.10.sup.-1, 10.sup.-4 .ltoreq.y.ltoreq.10.sup.-1 and 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.10.sup.-6, respectively is excited by radiation, each of them emits a scintillation at high efficiency, and decreases the afterglow. Each of the phosphors is used for an X-ray detector as a scintillator, and is useful for an X-ray CT apparatus.
摘要翻译:PCT No.PCT / JP97 / 02119 Sec。 371 1998年12月10日第 102(e)日期1998年12月10日PCT提交1997年6月20日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 48781 日期1997年12月24日当由Ln 2 O 2 S:xRe,yM的组成式(I)表示的稀土氧硫化物荧光体中的每一种,其中Ln表示选自Y,La和Gd中的至少一种稀土元素; Re表示选自Pr和Tb中的至少一种稀土元素; M表示选自Nb,Ta和Mn中的至少一种元素; x和y分别为满足1×10 -4≤x≤0.2,0.01ppm≤y≤1000ppm的条件的数和由组成式(II)表示的稀土氧硫化物荧光体 (Gd 1-xyz,Prx,Scy,Cez)2 O 2 S,其中x,y和z是满足条件为10 -4 = 2×10-1,10-4 = y = 10-1和0 = z 10-6分别被辐射激发,它们中的每一个以高效率发射闪烁,并减少余辉。 每个荧光体用作X射线检测器作为闪烁体,并且可用于X射线CT装置。
摘要:
A calcium tungstate phosphor which comprises calcium tungstate as a host and vanadium, wherein the proportion of the vanadium to the calcium tungstate is within a range of from 0.01 to 30 ppm. The phosphor is produced by forming a solid calcium tungstate precipitate from an aqueous medium containing ammonia, calcium ion, tungstate ion and vanadate ion and firing the precipitate in the presence of fluxing material.
摘要:
A radiographic intensifying screen which comprises a support, a fluorescent layer formed thereon comprising an X-ray luminescent phosphor and a binder resin supporting the X-ray luminescent phosphor in a dispersed state, and a protective layer formed on the fluorescent layer, wherein the proportion of the binder resin to the X-ray luminescent phosphor is within a range of from 4 to 8% by weight on the average of the entire fluorescent layer, and the binder resin is unevenly distributed in the fluorescent layer so that the proportion of the binder resin to the X-ray luminescent phosphor in the fluorescent layer in the vicinity of the protective layer is higher than the proportion of the binder resin to the X-ray excitable phosphor in the remainder of the fluorescent layer.
摘要:
An apparatus for treating a biomass feedstock at a high temperature, includes a cooling device 90 for cooling a biomass treated liquid at a high temperature; an enzymatic saccharification tank 103 for saccharifying a cooled treated liquid 101B with an enzyme; a solid-liquid separation apparatus 112 for removing water-slightly soluble substances contained in a saccharide solution 104 taken out from the enzymatic saccharification tank 103 and a foreign substance removing unit 113 provided with a microfiltration (MF) membrane 113a; a dilution tank 132, disposed downstream of the foreign substance removing unit 113, for diluting the saccharide solution from which the water-slightly soluble substances are removed by adding water thereto; a water separation unit 116, provided with a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane 116a, for removing water 114 from the diluted saccharide solution so as to obtain concentrated saccharide solution 115.
摘要:
A biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus that feeds a solid biomass material 11 from one side of an apparatus body 42, feeds hot water 15 from the other side, to hydrothermally decompose the biomass material 11 while bringing the biomass material 11 into counter contact with the hot water 15, dissolves hot-water soluble fractions in hot water, discharges the hot water to outside from the one side of the apparatus body 42 as a hot-water effluent 16, and discharges a biomass solid (a hot water insoluble) 17 to outside from the other side. The biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus includes an effective reaction region A formed from the other side to the one side of the apparatus body 42, in which a feeding temperature of the hot water 15 (for example, 200° C.) is maintained for a predetermined period of time to cause hydrothermal decomposition, and a temperature drop region B in which a temperature is rapidly dropped to a temperature (for example, 140° C.) at which the hot-water soluble fractions are not excessively decomposed (for example, from 200° C. to 140° C.), immediately after it is out of the effective reaction region A.
摘要:
A biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus includes, a biomass feeder (31) that feeds biomass material (11) under normal pressure to under increased pressure, a hydrothermal decomposition device (42A) that allows the fed biomass material (11) to be gradually moved inside a device main body (42A) from either end thereof in a consolidated condition, and also allows hot compressed water (15) to be fed from an other end of a feed section for the biomass material into the main body (42A), so as to cause the biomass material (11) and the hot compressed water (15) to countercurrently contact with each other and undergo hydrothermal decomposition, and that elutes a lignin component and a hemicellulose component into the hot compressed water, so as to separate the lignin component and the hemicellulose component from the biomass material (11); and a biomass discharger (51) that discharges, from the side where the hot compressed water is fed into the device main body, a biomass solid residue (17) under increased pressure to under normal pressure.
摘要:
A biomass processing system includes: a hydrolysis processing unit that decomposes, under a high-temperature/high-pressure condition, biomass feedstock in a processing tank having a gas-liquid interface, and removes a lignin component and a hemicellulose component; a biomass solid content discharge unit that discharges a biomass solid content 20 which is a hot water insoluble element; a slurrying vessel that subjects the discharged biomass solid content to slurrying; and a hot water discharge liquid introducing line L2 that introduces, into the slurrying vessel 21, a hot water discharge liquid 16 including a biomass hot-water soluble element.
摘要:
There is provided an apparatus for treating a biomass feedstock at a high temperature, including a cooling means for cooling a biomass treated liquid at a high temperature; an enzymatic saccharification tank for saccharifying a cooled treated liquid with an enzyme; a solid-liquid separation apparatus for removing water-slightly soluble substances contained in a saccharide solution taken out from the enzymatic saccharification tank and a foreign substance removing unit provided with a microfiltlation (MF) membrane; a dilution tank, disposed downstream of the foreign substance removing unit, for diluting the saccharide solution from which the water-slightly soluble substances are removed by adding water thereto; a water separation unit, provided with a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, for removing water from the diluted saccharide solution so as to obtain concentrated saccharide solution.
摘要:
There is provided a one-step process for producing a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound by a photodimerization reaction of a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound. The process comprises subjecting a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound to a photodimerization reaction in a solvent selected from aliphatic ketones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxylic acid esters having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic nitriles having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ethers having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, amides having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a mixture thereof to obtain a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound.
摘要:
There is provided a method for preparing a β-SiAlON phosphor capable of be controlled to show characteristics such as high brightness and desired particle size distribution. The method for preparing a β-SiAlON phosphor represented by Formula: Si(6−x)AlxOyN(6−y):Lnz (wherein, Ln is a rare earth element, and the following requirements are satisfied: 0
摘要翻译:提供了一种制备能够被控制以显示诸如高亮度和期望的粒度分布等特性的“SiAlON”荧光体的方法。 制备由式:Si(6-x)Al x O y N(6-y):Lnz(其中,Ln是稀土元素)并且满足以下要求的由式(Si-x)Al x O y N(6-y)表示的SiAlON荧光体的方法:0