摘要:
Provided is a carrier recovery apparatus in a vestigial sideband modulation (VSB) type digital television (DTV) receiver. The carrier recovery apparatus dynamically controls a sign determination level which is a reference for determining a sign of an I signal in a sign extractor. Therefore, the carrier recover apparatus can eliminate unnecessary sign extraction caused by zero-crossing which is generated when the receiver receives a pilot signal weaken by a channel ghost, and improves the frequency lock performance in the receiver. Specially, the carrier recover apparatus. can effectively improve the frequency lock performance when comparatively large pattern jitter is existed in a low pass signal caused by a ghost signal produces a long delay time.
摘要:
A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of processing data in the DTV transmitter/receiver are disclosed. In the DTV transmitter, a pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded data. A packet formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data and known data, wherein the data formatter adds burst time information into each group of enhanced data packets. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets with at least one main data packet including the main data, each burst of enhanced data including at least one group of enhanced data packets.
摘要:
A composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane and method of producing same. In a preferred embodiment, the membrane is made by coating a porous polysulfone support with an aqueous solution containing 2 wt % m-phenylenediamine (MPD), and 0.1 wt % di(ethylene glycol) hexyl methyl ether. Next, the excess solution is removed, and the coated support is dipped in 0.1 wt % organic solvent solution of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) in a mixture of alkanes having from 8 to 12 carbon atoms. After draining the TMC solution off, the resulting composite membrane is air dried and then rinsed in a basic aqueous solution. The resultant membrane exhibits a flux of 21.3 gfd and a salt rejection of 98.9% when used at 225 psi for an aqueous solution containing 2000 ppm of NaCl.
摘要:
Provided are a bridged metallocene compound particularly suitable for copolymerization of ethylene and alpha-olefin or cyclic olefin, a process of preparing the metallocene compound, and a process of preparing polyolefin using the metallocene compound. The bridged metallocene compound has low steric hindrance and good (co)polymerization activity, and thus, exhibits good activity in copolymerization of ethylene and alpha-olefin such as 1-hexene or 1-octene. Furthermore, the process of preparing the bridged metallocene compound is simplified, and thus, suitable for mass production.
摘要:
An automated lance system 1 is installed along the annulus of a nuclear power plant steam generator with a tube array of triangular pattern by means of a slidable guide support rail. The guide support rail 2, which is composed of two parallel circular rods 4 separated vertically with a distance, is tightly fixed inside the hand holes. The guide support rail extends from a hand hole at 0 degree to the other hand hole at 90 or 180 degree. The lance body 3 is slideably held on the guide rail by means of supporting circular holders 26 which are attached both on the bottom and on the upper plates of the lance body. The lance body is comprised of a nozzle block 6 with a nozzle cylinder 7 and a first drive means 9 which makes sweeping motion of the nozzle cylinder, a second drive means 12 which aligns the direction of nozzle jets from the nozzle cylinder by rotating the nozzle block in the horizontal plane, and two side support wheels 23 attached to the outer side plate of the lance body, rolling along the inner wall of the steam generator during lancing. For the transportation of the lance, two control cables 27 which extend outward through the hand holes are attached to both ends of the lance body and are driven by a drive means with a drum 28.
摘要:
Artificial fingernail packages are provided that contain a collection of artificial fingernails, that enable a potential user to easily inspect the size, shape and other features of the included artificial fingernails, to compare the features of the included artificial fingernails to the user's natural fingernails, and to simulate trying on one or more of the artificial fingernails without opening the package.
摘要:
A composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane. The membrane includes a microporous support and a polyamide layer disposed over the microporous support, the polyamide layer including iodine atoms covalently bonded thereto. The membrane is preferably prepared by a process that includes the steps of providing a microporous support, forming a polyamide layer over the microporous support, and treating the polyamide layer with an aqueous solution comprising a compound, the compound comprising at least one iodine atom. Examples of the compound comprising at least one iodine atom include molecular iodine, iodine monobromide, iodine monochloride and iodine trichloride. The iodine-containing compound may be added to an aqueous solution and dissolved therein or may be formed in situ in the aqueous solution, for example, by adding to the aqueous solution an iodide salt and an oxidizing agent.
摘要:
A selective membrane having a high fouling resistance. In one embodiment, the selective membrane is a composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane in which a hydrophilic coating is applied to the polyamide layer of the membrane, the hydrophilic coating being made by covalently bonding a hydrophilic compound to residual acid chlorides of the polyamide membrane, the hydrophilic compound including (i) at least one reactive group that is adapted to covalently bond directly to the polyamide membrane, the at least one reactive group being at least one of a primary amine and a secondary amine; and (ii) at least one hydrophilic group, the at least one hydrophilic group being selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a trialkoxysilane group, an anionic group and a tertiary amino group; (iii) wherein the hydrophilic compound is devoid of a polyalkylene oxide group.
摘要:
A DTV transmitter includes a pre-processor pre-processing supplemental data, a multiplexer multiplexing pre-processed data with main data, and a byte-symbol converter converting each data byte of the multiplexed data into a symbol. It further includes a symbol processor processing each supplemental data symbol outputted from the byte-symbol converter. It encodes one of upper and lower bits of each supplemental data symbol into first and second data bits, post-decodes the first data bit, and outputs the post-decoded data bit and the second data bit as a symbol. The DTV transmitter further includes a symbol-byte converter converting each symbol outputted from the symbol processor into a data byte.
摘要:
Provided are a semiconductor laser diode and a method of manufacturing the same. The semiconductor laser diode includes a lower cladding layer disposed on a substrate; a ridge including an optical waveguide layer, an active layer, an upper cladding layer, and an ohmic contact layer, which are sequentially stacked on the lower cladding layer, and having a predetermined width, which is obtained by performing a channel etching process on both sides of the ridge; an oxide layer disposed on surfaces of the upper and lower cladding layer to control the width of the ridge; a dielectric layer disposed on left and right channels of the ridge; an upper electrode layer disposed on the entire surface of the resultant structure to enclose the ridge and the dielectric layer; and a lower electrode layer disposed on a bottom surface of the substrate. The method is simpler than a conventional process of manufacturing a semiconductor laser diode. Also, by controlling a wet oxidation time, the width of a ridge can be freely controlled and an ohmic contact layer can be automatically formed.