摘要:
A process for preparing a reaction product (A), comprising the following stage (i): (i) reacting under free-radical conditions a reaction mixture comprising at least one free-radically reactable monomer (a) in the presence of at least one free-radical initiator and of a compound (I) of the formula: in which R1 to R4 each independently of one another are hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl radical, cycloalkyl radical or arakyl radical, or an unsubstituted or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, with the proviso that at least two of R1 to R4 are an unsubstituted or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical in aqueous phase.
摘要:
The invention relates to a coating agent, containing at least one conversion product (A) and at least one suitable additive (C), (A) being produced according to a method comprising the following step (i): (iv) reacting a reaction mixture comprising at least one radically convertible monomer in radical conditions, (a) in the presence of at least one radical initiator and a compound (I) of formula (II) wherein R1 to R4 each represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl radical, cycloalkyl radical or aralkyl radical or an unsubstituted or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, on the condition that at least two of R1 to R4 represent an unsubstituted or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, in an aqueous phase
摘要:
Aqueous primary dispersions and coating materials comprising dispersed and/or emulsified, solid and/or liquid polymer particles and/or dispersed solid core-shell particles having a diameter≦500 nm preparable by controlled free-radical microemulsion or miniemulsion polymerization of A) at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer and B) at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer which is different than the olefinically unsaturated monomer (A) and has the general formula I: R1R2C═CR3R4 (I), in which the radicals R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen atoms or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, cycloalkylaryl, arylalkyl or arylcycloalkyl radicals, with the proviso that at least two of the variables R1, R2, R3 and R4 are substituted or unsubstituted aryl, arylalkyl or arylcycloalkyl radicals, especially substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals; and also their use.
摘要翻译:包含分散和/或乳化的固体和/或液体聚合物颗粒和/或分散的固体核 - 壳颗粒的水性初级分散体和涂料,其具有可通过控制的自由基微乳液或A)的微乳液聚合制备的直径<= 500nm 至少一种烯属不饱和单体和B)至少一种与烯属不饱和单体(A)不同的烯属不饱和单体,并具有通式I:R 1 R 2 C = CR 3 R 4 (I)其中基团R 1,R 2,R 3和R 4彼此独立地是氢原子或取代或未取代的烷基,环烷基,烷基环烷基,环烷基烷基,芳基,烷基芳基, 环烷基芳基,芳基烷基或芳基环烷基,条件是至少两个变量R 1,R 2,R 3和R 4是取代或未取代的芳基,芳基烷基或芳基环烷基,特别是取代或 未取代的芳基; 也是他们的用途。
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a reaction product (A), which comprises the following stage (i): (i) Reaction, under free radical conditions, of a reaction mixture comprising at least one monomer (a), capable of free radical reaction in the presence of at least one free radical initiator and a compound of the formula (I) where R1 to R4, independently of one another, are each hydrogen, an alkyl radical, cycloalkyl radical or aralkyl radical, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted, an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, with the proviso that at least two of the radicals R1 to R4 are an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, or R1 and R2 or R3 and R4, in each case in pairs, are a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and a functional group which, in conjugation with the C—C double bond in the formula I, has a multiple bond between a carbon atom and a heteroatom, 10% by weight or less of water being present in the reaction mixture during the reaction.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of polymers is described, wherein at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is subjected to a free radical polymerization in the presence of stable free radicals or sources of stable free radicals and of a compound having at least one free thiol group to give a polymer, and wherein the molar ratio of compound having a free thiol group to stable free radicals is from 0.05 to 1.1. The polymerization rate is substantially increased by the compound having a free thiol group.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the free radical polymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, said process comprising polymerizing one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of one or more N-oxyl radicals of formula II, wherein X is S, NR5, O, SO or SO2, R5 is C1-C20-alkyl or C5-C8-cycloalkyl and R3 and R4 independently of one another, are C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl or an aromatic five-membered ring, or R3 and R4 together are —(CH2)o— and p and o, independently of one another, are an integer from 2 to 7.
摘要:
Microsuspension polymers are prepared by (1) dispersing a mixture of components A1 to A4, a1: from 0.1 to 60% by weight of at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer A1 containing at least one functional group which is reactive with isocyanate groups (isocyanate-reactive functional group), a2: from 40 to 99.9% by weight of at least one further free-radically polymerizable monomer A2 containing no isocyanate-reactive functional group, a3: from 0 to 20% by weight of 1,1-diphenylethene or 1,1-diphenylethane A3, a4: from 0.1 to 100% by weight of at least one blocked polyisocyanate A4, in water using a protective colloid to form a dispersion having an average particle diameter of from 0.08 to 100 &mgr;m, and (2) polymerizing the droplets using from 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one free-radical polymerization initiator, up to a conversion of at least 50% by weight, the amounts being based on the total weight of components A1 and A2, which gives 100% by weight.
摘要:
The present invention provides the ability to use an existing store-and-forward messaging network such as an electronic mail system to replicate data between computer sites. The replication provided by the present invention can be used with software applications, such as workgroup applications, to replicate data located on multiple sites. Workgroup replication data is sent to other sites via electronic mail (“e-mail”) messages. The present invention provides reliability features to handle errors in electronic mail transmissions. For example, the present invention provides the ability to reassemble objects at a replication site such that an object and all of its dependencies exist prior to the object's use at the site. Messages referred to as “ACK” messages are used to communicate a site's state and to provide other control information. Each site maintains latency information to determine transmission failures.
摘要:
A method is provided that includes determining a number of outstanding out-of-order instructions in an instruction stream. The method includes determining a number of available hardware resources for executing out-of-order instructions and inserting fencing instructions into the instruction stream if the number of outstanding out-of-order instructions exceeds the determined number of available hardware resources. A second method is provided for compiling source code that includes determining a speculative region. The second method includes generating machine-level instructions and inserting fencing instructions into the machine-level instructions in response to determining the speculative region. A processing device is provided that includes cache memory and a processing unit to execute processing device instructions in an instruction stream. The processing device includes an out-of-order speculation supervisor unit to determine hardware resource availability and generate an indication to insert fencing instructions in response to the availability. Computer readable storage media are also provided.
摘要:
A method performing an operation in a subsea wellhead assembly through a riser extending between the wellhead assembly and a surface platform includes the step of connecting a surface blowout preventer to an upper portion of the riser. Then a tool is connected to a string of conduit. A control line is then connected to the tool, extended alongside the conduit. The tool and control line are lowered through the blowout preventer and riser. The method also includes the step of mounting a slick joint to an upper end of the conduit when the tool is near the wellhead assembly. The control line is then linked through the slick joint and extends to the surface platform. The method also includes the step of communicating with the tool via the control line and performing an operation in the wellhead assembly with the tool.