摘要:
Method for the production of liquid products, particularly, tar, from organic bulk materials.The invention relates to a method, whereby in an apparatus in one or a multiple of refining stages, organic bulk goods are refined to economically significant base materials, so that they are suitable, either directly or indirectly, for the production of gasifier or diesel fuel.The technical object is to utilize a fluidizing medium, with the help of which it is possible to produce, in a reaction chamber, an increased yield of liquid products, especially tar.According to the invention, the problem is solved by supplying a hydrocarbonaceous gas, especially a gas containing methane and hydrogen, as a fluidizing medium in the individual refining stages, whereby, under the particular refining conditions, there results a decrease of the portion of methane and hydrogen, and a comparative increase of the portion of the liquid product, especially of the portion of tar. Furthermore, the portion of the components which boil easier, short-chained hydrocarbons, are significantly increased in the produced liquid product.
摘要:
An apparatus for the multi-stage refining of organic bulk materials according to the fluidized bed principle comprising a plurality of horizontally aligned cells (23) including an upper drying chamber (1), a middle degasification chamber (2) and a lower refining chamber (3) separated from each other by an individual gas permeable floor (19) or a gas impermeable floor (20). Adjacent cells are connected to each other by common discharge/charge chutes having vertical separation walls extending therein.
摘要:
A two-step method and apparatus, according to the fluidized bed principle, for the production of coke, rich gas and pyrolysis tar, with the object of executing the method in a compact apparatus arrangement, with high energy efficiency and high throughput capacity.This is accomplished by a sequence in which the fine grains removed from the drying vapor mixture are removed from the actual pyrolysis process, and a hot gas, alien to the carbonization, is used as fluidization medium in the pyrolysis reactor, and with a hot gas-high performance separator being used for the dust separation from the pyrolysis gas, with the combustion exhaust gas produced in the combustion chamber being used for the indirect heating of the fluidization medium, for the pre-heating of the gas, which is alien to the carbonization, and for the direct heating in the dryer. The dryer has a double casing in the area of the fluidized bed, and a mixing chamber is arranged directly underneath its initial flow bottom, while the pyrolysis reactor is directly connected to the combustion chamber and the pre-heater.
摘要:
In one embodiment of the present invention, a process that uses a first processor is provided. The process includes the operation of blocking by the first processor of completion by a second processor of a configuration cycle. The process also includes the operation of selecting by the first processor of one procedure from a plurality of procedures that are associated with respective types of circuitry that may be used to permit the first processor to control a device. The one procedure is associated with one of the respective types of circuitry that is actually available to be used by the first processor.
摘要:
In one embodiment, a method is provided. The method of this embodiment may include controlling, at least in part, by a first device, whether a first signal line of a second device is coupled to a bus, and whether a second signal line of a third device is coupled to the bus. The method of this embodiment may also include, after the first and second signal lines are coupled to the bus, supplying from the first device to the second and third devices, via the first and second signal lines, one or more signals that, after being received by the second and third devices, may permit, at least in part, at least one of control and configuration by the first device of the second and third devices. Of course, many modifications, variations, and alternatives are possible without departing from this embodiment.
摘要:
Disclosed is an article of manufacture, comprising a hollow rod comprised of a longitudinally gathered tube of cellulose hydrate-based material, the hollow rod having a latent water content of between about 25% and 100% by weight based upon the total weight of the hollow rod and being free of chemical anti-bacteriocidal agent; a closed, substantially gas impermeable packaging sheath having a hollow interior chamber therein, with the hollow rod being positioned in the hollow interior chamber, whereby the hollow rod is completely enveloped by the packaging sheath, wherein the packaging sheath is comprised of a flexible film of material which is substantially impermeable to gases; and a protective gas essentially filling the remaining portion of the hollow interior chamber, with the gas protecting the hollow rod against the formation of aerobic microorganisms on the water-containing cellulose hydrate-based material.
摘要:
Disclosed is a calibrating device for expanding and controlling the draw-off speed of a shirred tubular casing 4a from the stuffing horn 1 of a stuffing machine during the filling thereof. This device comprises a hollow calibrating pipe 2 having a central bore therethrough for mounting on the stuffing horn 1 of a stuffing machine, and an enlarged circumference 8 at one end thereof which applies a frictional force to the tubular casing 4 as the casing is drawn over the pipe during filling. At least the enlarged end 8 of the pipe 2, moreover, is made of a resilient material to provide this area with a variable circumference to eliminate damage to the casing due to variations in the size thereof. Means 3 are also provided for adjusting the effective circumference of the enlarged end 8 of the pipe 2.
摘要:
The invention relates to films and tubular structures which are selectively permeable to liquids and gases which are based on a copolymer composed of a copolymerized fluorinated olefin, copolymerized vinyl acetate and, optionally, a copolymerized olefin. It is possible for the acetate groups of the copolymer to have been saponified to form OH groups. The films or tubular structures have in each case an inherent, latent capacity for modifying their structure and are at the same time oleophobic and oleophilic. The invention also embraces processes for the preparation of the shaped articles described and processes for modifying their structure. The invention also relates to the use of shaped articles according to the invention.
摘要:
The present invention relates to molded articles of an open-cell structure, containing a copolymer which is comprised of copolymerized, fluorinated olefin, copolymerized vinyl acetate and optionally copolymerized olefin, the acetate groups of the copolymer being optionally saponified into OH groups. The molded articles possess an inherent latent structural convertibility and have effective pores of a diameter in the range from 0.002 to 10 .mu.m. The invention further includes processes for the preparation of the specified molded articles and processes for converting their structure. The invention also relates to several uses of molded articles according to the invention.
摘要:
A visual information carrier comprising a single layer sheet of transparent synthetic polymer having dispersed therein a fluorescent dye. The sheet is not subject to white fracture and has profilings on at least one surface, which are produced by deformation of the sheet and which form visually perceivable, colored information.