摘要:
A folded starved inverter differential output apparatus for use in a voltage controlled oscillator includes a first polarity of two transistors that are cross-coupled and a second polarity of four transistors. Also included are two inverter gates and a supply regulator.
摘要:
A method of receiving data, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, includes the acts of generating a data sampling clock signal and comparing a received clock signal to the data sampling clock signal. The data sampling clock signal is used to sample a data signal into sampled data representing a first zone, a second zone, and a third zone of the data signal. It is then determined which zone of the sampled data has a transition of the data signal and indicating a direction of change for the data sampling clock signal if the first zone or the third zone has the transition.
摘要:
A delay locked loop apparatus includes a first delay element to receive a reference signal, to delay the reference signal by a delay time, and to output a first delayed signal. A second delay element is used to receive the first delayed signal, to delay the first signal delayed signal by the delay time, and to output a second delayed signal. Also included is a harmonic lock prevention circuit to receive the reference signal, the first delayed signal, and the second delayed signal, and to adjust the delay time so that a period of each delayed signal is within a predetermined range.
摘要:
A frequency comparator apparatus used with a reference clock, a voltage controlled oscillator circuit and a phase locked loop circuit includes a reference loop circuit wherein the reference loop circuit is activated when the frequency difference between the reference clock and the voltage controlled oscillator circuit is greater than about a first threshold. Also included is a data loop circuit wherein the data loop circuit is activated when the frequency difference between the reference clock and the voltage controlled oscillator circuit is less than about a second threshold.
摘要:
New very high-speed CMOS techniques are used to achieve a CMOS driver operating at gigabaud speeds. Such a driver may be manufactured more easily than drivers that use GaAs or bipolar techniques and further may be easily integrated with other CMOS circuits. A communication system utilizing the gigabaud CMOS driver may additionally include a receiver with on-chip termination to significantly reduce distortion in the presence of parasitic capacitance in inductance in comparison to a receiver with external termination. Furthermore, the communication system may include a phase tracker and a frame aligner. The phase tracker continously monitors the most frequent transition edges in the oversampled data so that the phase of the receiver clock keeps track of the sender clock. The frame aligner comprises a comma detector which enables instant synchronization of data words with a single comma character within a serial data stream.
摘要:
A system for transmission and recovery of original digital data includes an encoder, a transmitter, a receiver, a decoder, and an analog phase locked loop. The analog phase locked loop supplies a sender's clock to the transmitter and a receiver's clock to the receiver, where the sender's clock frequency is a first integer multiple of the system clock frequency, and the receiver's clock frequency is a second integer multiple of the sender's clock frequency within 0.1% tolerance. In a normal flow situation, data frames are output by the receiver in alternate cycles of the system clock. In an overflow situation, data frames are output by the receiver in consecutive cycles of the system clock. In an underflow situation, data frames are not output by the receiver in consecutive cycles of the system clock.
摘要:
A system for transmission and recovery of original digital data includes an encoder, a transmitter, a receiver, a decoder, and an analog phase locked loop. The analog phase locked loop supplies a sender's clock to the transmitter and a receiver's clock to the receiver, where the sender's clock frequency is a first integer multiple of the system clock frequency, and the receiver's clock frequency is a second integer multiple of the sender's clock frequency within 0.1% tolerance. In a normal flow situation, data frames are output by the receiver in alternate cycles of the system clock. In an overflow situation, data frames are output by the receiver in consecutive cycles of the system clock. In an underflow situation, data frames are not output by the receiver in consecutive cycles of the system clock.
摘要:
A dual current path voltage controlled oscillator exhibits both the seamless frequency acquisition and uniform VCO gain reduction while preserving an original operating range and phase locked loop characteristics. The present invention provides a quad-channel transceiver comprising a phase locked loop circuit including a voltage controlled oscillator used to generate a clock signal, a FIFO buffer used to store data to be transmitted, a frequency comparator for comparing a reference clock to the generated clock signal from the phase locked loop circuit; and a folded starved inverter circuit contained within the voltage controlled oscillator wherein the folded starved inverter provides two current paths. The dual current paths allow for simultaneous coarse and fine phase tracking. With this low jitter performance and wide operating range, the quad transceiver may be implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology, and shows 10−12 bit error rate up to speeds of 3 Gbps.
摘要:
A new spread spectrum phase modulation (SSPM) technique is applicable to both data and clock signals. The SSPM technique is more suitable to board level designs than the direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique. In addition, SSPM may be combined with controlled edge rate signaling to outperform DSSS.
摘要:
A device and method for synchronizing a local clock to a reference clock. The device uses a frequency acquisition loop and a phase acquisition loop. The frequency acquisition loop delays the reference clock to produce an intermediate clock which falls within the operating range of the phase acquisition loop. The phase acquisition loop then delays the intermediate clock to produce a local clock synchronized to the reference clock.