摘要:
A device and method for synchronizing a local clock to a reference clock. The device uses a frequency acquisition loop and a phase acquisition loop. The frequency acquisition loop delays the reference clock to produce an intermediate clock which falls within the operating range of the phase acquisition loop. The phase acquisition loop then delays the intermediate clock to produce a local clock synchronized to the reference clock.
摘要:
A method of receiving data, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, includes the acts of generating a data sampling clock signal and comparing a received clock signal to the data sampling clock signal. The data sampling clock signal is used to sample a data signal into sampled data representing a first zone, a second zone, and a third zone of the data signal. It is then determined which zone of the sampled data has a transition of the data signal and indicating a direction of change for the data sampling clock signal if the first zone or the third zone has the transition.
摘要:
A delay locked loop apparatus includes a first delay element to receive a reference signal, to delay the reference signal by a delay time, and to output a first delayed signal. A second delay element is used to receive the first delayed signal, to delay the first signal delayed signal by the delay time, and to output a second delayed signal. Also included is a harmonic lock prevention circuit to receive the reference signal, the first delayed signal, and the second delayed signal, and to adjust the delay time so that a period of each delayed signal is within a predetermined range.
摘要:
A dual current path voltage controlled oscillator exhibits both the seamless frequency acquisition and uniform VCO gain reduction while preserving an original operating range and phase locked loop characteristics. The present invention provides a quad-channel transceiver comprising a phase locked loop circuit including a voltage controlled oscillator used to generate a clock signal, a FIFO buffer used to store data to be transmitted, a frequency comparator for comparing a reference clock to the generated clock signal from the phase locked loop circuit; and a folded starved inverter circuit contained within the voltage controlled oscillator wherein the folded starved inverter provides two current paths. The dual current paths allow for simultaneous coarse and fine phase tracking. With this low jitter performance and wide operating range, the quad transceiver may be implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology, and shows 10−12 bit error rate up to speeds of 3 Gbps.
摘要:
A new spread spectrum phase modulation (SSPM) technique is applicable to both data and clock signals. The SSPM technique is more suitable to board level designs than the direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique. In addition, SSPM may be combined with controlled edge rate signaling to outperform DSSS.
摘要:
A frequency comparator apparatus used with a reference clock, a voltage controlled oscillator circuit and a phase locked loop circuit includes a reference loop circuit wherein the reference loop circuit is activated when the frequency difference between the reference clock and the voltage controlled oscillator circuit is greater than about a first threshold. Also included is a data loop circuit wherein the data loop circuit is activated when the frequency difference between the reference clock and the voltage controlled oscillator circuit is less than about a second threshold.
摘要:
A folded starved inverter differential output apparatus for use in a voltage controlled oscillator includes a first polarity of two transistors that are cross-coupled and a second polarity of four transistors. Also included are two inverter gates and a supply regulator.
摘要:
A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) generates an oscillating signal that is substantially resistant to noise fluctuations in the supply voltage. The VCO is a delay-based VCO which preferably includes a compensation circuit for each delay cell and a noise-immune reference current generator for providing a noise-immune bias current to the conditioning circuit of the VCO. The compensation circuit preferably adjusts the capacitance of the delay cell to compensate for the variations in current caused by the supply noise. The noise-immune reference current generator preferably utilizes a configuration of transistors which maintains through at least one transistor a substantially constant current which is used to bias the conditioning circuit.
摘要:
A mixer structure and method for using same in accordance with the present invention includes a multi-phase mixer. A VCO includes a plurality of differential delay cells to output a plurality of multi-phase clock signals. The multi-phase mixer can include a load circuit, switch circuit, noise reduction circuit and an input circuit. The switch circuit is coupled to receive the plurality of multi-phase clock signals and includes a first switch array and a second switch array coupled to the load circuit, respectively. The noise reduction circuit coupled to the switch circuit can include a transistor responsive to a bias voltage. The input circuit includes a transistor receiving the input signal. The first switch array includes a first plurality of switches coupled between a first output terminal and a second node, and the second switch array includes a second plurality of switches coupled between a second output terminal and the second node. Preferably, each of the plurality of switches includes two pairs of serially connected transistors, wherein the serially connected transistors are coupled in parallel to provide a symmetric electrical connection for each of two input ports. The mixer and method for using same can be single or double-balanced mixers receiving an RF input signal.
摘要:
A DC offset cancelling circuit with multiple feedback loops suppresses DC offset voltages within an automatic gain control loop apparatus. The apparatus includes a plurality of gain stages connected in series that receive and amplify an input RF signal. Each gain stage includes a corresponding feedback loop to filter the DC offset voltage accumulated in the respective gain stage.