Abstract:
The invention relates to a bulk catalyst having improved activity in hydrodesulphurization, in particular in relatively low Group VIII over Group VIB metal molar ratios. The bulk catalyst comprises metal oxidic particles comprising one or more Group VIB metals and one or more-Group VIII metals which metal oxidic particles are obtainable by a process comprising the steps of reacting the compounds comprising one or more Group VIB metals and compounds comprising one or more Group VIII metals in hydrothermal conditions at a reaction temperature above the boiling temperature of the protic liquid, preferably in an autoclave at a reaction pressure above atmospheric pressure and. The invention also relates to the corresponding sulphided catalyst, to a process for the manufacture of said bulk catalyst and to the use of said catalyst for the hydrotreatment, in particular the hydrodesulphurization and hydrodenitrogenation of hydrocarbon feedstock.
Abstract:
Novel catalytic compositions for cracking of crude oil fractions are disclosed. The catalytic compositions comprise a basic material. When used in a cracking process, preferably a FCC process, the resulting LCO and HCO fractions have desirably low aromatics levels. Further disclosed is a one-stage FCC process using the catalytic composition of the invention. Also disclosed is a two-stage FCC process for maximizing the LCO yield.
Abstract:
Compositions suitable for use in FCC processes are provided that are capable of providing improved CO oxidation promotion activity along with NOx emission control. Generally, compositions are provided for promoting CO oxidation in FCC processes, wherein the compositions contain (i) a basic material support, (ii) at least one oxide of a lanthanide series element, (iii), optionally, at least one oxide of a transition metal selected from Groups Ib and IIb of the Periodic Table and (iv) at least one precious metal. The basic material support is preferably a hydrotalcite-like compound.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a shaped bulk catalyst comprising metal oxide particles comprising one or more Group VIII metals and two or more Group VIB metals which process comprises the steps of providing first metal oxidic particles comprising one or more first Group VIII metals and one or more first Group VIB metals, providing separately prepared second metal oxidic particles comprising one or more second Group VIII metals and one or more second Group VIB metals, wherein the composition of Group VIB and Group VIII metals in the first and second metal oxidic particles are different, combining the first and second metal oxidic particles before and/or during shaping and shaping the combined first and second metal oxide particles to form a shaped bulk catalyst. The invention further relates to the shaped bulk catalyst obtainable with the process In sulphided or unsulphided form and the use thereof in hydroprocessing.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst with improved attrition resistance. According to this preparation process, an aqueous slurry comprising a zeolite, day, and poly aluminum chloride is spray-dried and subsequently calcined, the poly aluminum chloride having the formula [Al2(OH)yCl6-y]x, wherein x is at least 1 and y is greater than 2 and smaller than 4.
Abstract:
An apparatus and continuous process for the conversion of one solid iron compound to another solid iron compound in a heterogeneous suspension wherein the suspension is formed by dispersing a solid starting iron compound in a liquid that is continuously fed through one or more agitated conversion vessels under hydrothermal conditions and converted to a solid product iron compound having different physical, chemical, or structural properties from the solid starting iron compound.
Abstract:
Process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising the steps of (a) preparing a slurry comprising clay, zeolite, and quasi-crystalline boehmite, provided that the slurry does not comprise peptized quasi-crystalline boehmite, (b) adding a monovalent acid to the slurry, (c) adding a silicon source to the slurry, and (d) shaping the slurry to form particles. This process leads to a catalyst with high accessibility and high attrition resistance.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for the catalytic oxychlorination of an olefin. In the process a feed containing the olefin, O2 and HCl is contacted with an oxychlorination catalyst. The O2/2HCl ratio in the feed is in the range of from 0.50 to 0.58. Catalyst compositions for use in the oxychlorination reaction, in particular the oxychlorination of ethylene, are also disclosed. The catalyst compositions are in the form of particles suitable for use in fluid bed reactors, in particular baffled fluid bed reactors. Preferred catalyst materials comprise from 5.5 wt % to 14 wt % Cu. They may further comprise an earth alkali metal, such as Mg, and/or a rare earth metal. Preferred compositions contain less than 1 wt % of an alkali metal, which preferably is K.
Abstract:
A method for the hydrodeoxygenation of an oxygenate feedstock comprising contacting the feedstock with a sulphided catalyst composition under hydrodeoxygenation conditions, wherein the catalyst composition comprises: i) a porous carrier substantially comprised of alumina, the carrier comprising between about 0.001 and about 1 wt. % phosphorous and between about 0.001 and about 1 wt. % silicon (both calculated as oxides) and having a mean pore diameter in the range from about 5 nm to about 40 nm; and, ii) from about 1 to about 20 wt. % of an active metal component (calculated as oxides based on the weight of the composition) borne on said porous carrier and which comprises at least one Group VIB metal and at least one Group VIII metal.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing bulk metal oxide particles comprising the steps of combining in a reaction mixture (i) dispersible nanoparticles having a dimension of less than about 1 μm upon being dispersed in a liquid, (ii) at least one Group VIII non-noble metal compound, (iii) at least one Group VIB metal compound, and (iv) a protic liquid; and reacting the at least one Group VIII non-noble metal compound and the at least one Group VIB metal in the presence of the nanoparticles. It also relates to bulk metal hydroprocessing catalysts obtainable by such method.