公开(公告)号：US5444446A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-22

申请号：US87822

申请日：1993-07-01

申请人： Venugopal Gopinathan ,  Seema Varma

发明人： Venugopal Gopinathan ,  Seema Varma

IPC分类号： H03F3/45 ,  H03M1/10 ,  H03M1/68 ,  H03M1/74

CPC分类号： H03F3/45802 ,  H03M1/1057 ,  H03F2203/45402 ,  H03F2203/45418 ,  H03M1/1004 ,  H03M1/687 ,  H03M1/745 ,  H03M1/747

摘要： A current duplicator (10) is provided for receiving a calibration current and providing an output current to a load (10). Current duplicator (10) includes a transconductor (14) having a differentially coupled input with a parasitic capacitance for storing a differential voltage during a supply period. This parasitic capacitance also converts a difference current into the voltage during a feedback period. The difference current is equal to the difference between the output current and the calibration current. Transconductor (14) converts the voltage into the output current. The current duplicator also includes a first switch network for coupling the output current to the load (12) during the supply period. The output current remains within a predetermined amount from the calibration current during the supply period. A second switch network feeds back the difference current to the input during the feedback period at least until the output current becomes substantially equal to the calibration current.

摘要翻译： 提供电流复制器（10）用于接收校准电流并向负载（10）提供输出电流。 电流复制器（10）包括跨导体（14），其具有差分耦合的输入，其具有用于在供给周期期间存储差分电压的寄生电容。 该寄生电容还在反馈周期期间将差电流转换成电压。 差分电流等于输出电流和校准电流之间的差值。 跨导体（14）将电压转换为输出电流。 当前的复制器还包括用于在供给周期期间将输出电流耦合到负载（12）的第一开关网络。 在供给周期期间，输出电流保持在来自校准电流的预定量内。 第二开关网络在反馈周期期间将差分电流反馈到输入，至少直到输出电流变得基本上等于校准电流。

公开(公告)号：US06714076B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

申请号：US10272172

申请日：2002-10-15

申请人： Arthur J. Kalb

发明人： Arthur J. Kalb

IPC分类号： H03F345

CPC分类号： H03F3/45291 ,  H03F1/483 ,  H03F3/3028 ,  H03F3/45192 ,  H03F3/45654 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F2200/36 ,  H03F2203/45684

摘要： An op amp includes a pair of buffer amplifiers interposed between the current switch and the output transistors in an output stage based on the Monticelli architecture. The buffer amps buffer the output transistors' gate capacitances, thereby allowing the output transistors to be nearly any desired size without adversely affecting the op amp's dynamic performance. This enables the op amp's compensation capacitors to set the amplifier's bandwidth, and allows the secondary pole to be at a higher frequency. The buffer amplifiers can also provide gain which effectively multiplies the transconductance of the output transistors and further extends out the secondary pole location. In addition, the buffer amplifiers can be used to provide voltage level translation between the current switch and output transistors, which can provide additional headroom for the op amp's gain stage.

摘要翻译： 运算放大器包括基于Monticelli架构的输入级中插入在电流开关和输出晶体管之间的一对缓冲放大器。 缓冲放大器缓冲输出晶体管的栅极电容，从而允许输出晶体管几乎达到所需的大小，而不会对运算放大器的动态性能产生不利影响。 这使得运算放大器的补偿电容器可以设置放大器的带宽，并允许辅助极点处于更高的频率。 缓冲放大器还可以提供增益，其有效地乘以输出晶体管的跨导，并进一步延伸到次级极点位置。 此外，缓冲放大器可用于在电流开关和输出晶体管之间提供电压电平转换，这可为运算放大器的增益级提供额外的余量。

公开(公告)号：US07746171B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-29

申请号：US12220558

申请日：2008-07-25

申请人： Ahmed Mohamed Abdelatty Ali

发明人： Ahmed Mohamed Abdelatty Ali

IPC分类号： H03F3/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/45286 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F3/45807 ,  H03F2203/45101 ,  H03F2203/45418 ,  H03F2203/45424 ,  H03F2203/45434 ,  H03F2203/45512 ,  H03F2203/45514 ,  H03F2203/45642 ,  H03F2203/45681 ,  H03F2203/45722

摘要： Effective control of the common-mode level of amplifiers is obtained through control structures (both closed-loop and open-loop structures) which are directed to various amplifier functions such as the reduction of amplifier loading, accurate sensing of common-mode levels, mitigation of headroom restraints, and proper transistor biasing. This common-mode control is especially useful in multiplying analog-to-digital converters (MDACs) of signal processing systems.

公开(公告)号：US06812784B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

申请号：US10456594

申请日：2003-06-06

申请人： Christopher Michalski

发明人： Christopher Michalski

IPC分类号： H03F102

CPC分类号： H03F3/005 ,  H03F3/45179 ,  H03F3/45282 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F3/45807 ,  H03F2203/45511 ,  H03F2203/45631 ,  H03F2203/45634 ,  H03F2203/45642 ,  H03F2203/45726

摘要： Improved differential amplifiers are provided for use with switched-capacitor structures. Amplifier embodiments include a differential pair of high-transconductance transistors for generation of differential currents and routing of common-mode feedback signals along an independent path so that sufficient headroom is provided for other high-transconductance transistors that generate common-mode currents. The differential and common-mode currents preferably generate differential and common-mode output signals in finite output impedances of active loads.

摘要翻译： 提供改进的差分放大器用于开关电容器结构。 放大器实施例包括用于产生差分电流的差分对的高跨导晶体管和沿着独立路径的共模反馈信号的路由，从而为产生共模电流的其它高跨导晶体管提供足够的余量。 差分和共模电流优选地在有源负载的有限输出阻抗中产生差分和共模输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US20040021511A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-05

申请号：US10456594

申请日：2003-06-06

申请人： ANALOG DEVICES, INC.

发明人： Christopher Michalski

IPC分类号： H03F003/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/005 ,  H03F3/45179 ,  H03F3/45282 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F3/45807 ,  H03F2203/45511 ,  H03F2203/45631 ,  H03F2203/45634 ,  H03F2203/45642 ,  H03F2203/45726

摘要： Improved differential amplifiers are provided for use with switched-capacitor structures. Amplifier embodiments include a differential pair of high-transconductance transistors for generation of differential currents and routing of common-mode feedback signals along an independent path so that sufficient headroom is provided for other high-transconductance transistors that generate common-mode currents. The differential and common-mode currents preferably generate differential and common-mode output signals in finite output impedances of active loads.

公开(公告)号：US20100019946A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-28

申请号：US12220558

申请日：2008-07-25

申请人： Ahmed Mohamed Abdelatty Ali

发明人： Ahmed Mohamed Abdelatty Ali

IPC分类号： H03F3/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/45286 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F3/45807 ,  H03F2203/45101 ,  H03F2203/45418 ,  H03F2203/45424 ,  H03F2203/45434 ,  H03F2203/45512 ,  H03F2203/45514 ,  H03F2203/45642 ,  H03F2203/45681 ,  H03F2203/45722

摘要： Effective control of the common-mode level of amplifiers is obtained through control structures (both closed-loop and open-loop structures) which are directed to various amplifier functions such as the reduction of amplifier loading, accurate sensing of common-mode levels, mitigation of headroom restraints, and proper transistor biasing. This common-mode control is especially useful in multiplying analog-to-digital converters (MDACs) of signal processing systems.

摘要翻译： 通过控制结构（闭环和开环结构）获得对放大器共模电平的有效控制，这些控制结构涉及各种放大器功能，例如放大器负载的减小，共模电平的精确检测，缓解 的余量约束，以及适当的晶体管偏置。 这种共模控制在乘法信号处理系统的模数转换器（MDAC）中特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US07642851B2

公开(公告)日：2010-01-05

申请号：US11767678

申请日：2007-06-25

申请人： Dale Scott Douglas

发明人： Dale Scott Douglas

IPC分类号： H03F3/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/45475 ,  H03F3/453 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F2203/45136 ,  H03F2203/45302 ,  H03F2203/45521 ,  H03G3/001

摘要： An improved VGA design offering a purely ratiometric mechanism for controlling gain by current-steering. A control loop delivers a reference voltage to a control amplifier that steers current and match the common mode output voltage (CMOV) with said predefined reference voltage. The VGA is designed so that, although the absolute gain varies over process, voltage, and temperature (PVT), the gain steps retain their values. Moreover, a method for controlling the gain in a VGA in a way that is insensitive to PVT is also disclosed. First, a voltage representing the required gain of the VGA in injected to the outputs of the VGA. Then, the CMOV of the VGA is sampled. Finally, the CMOV is subtracted by a predefined reference voltage and is fed back as bias to bases of the transistors of the VGA, thus controlling it gain, until the CMOV and the reference voltage become equal.

摘要翻译： 改进的VGA设计提供了一种纯比例计算机制，用于通过电流转向控制增益。 控制回路将参考电压提供给控制放大器，该控制放大器转向电流并使共模输出电压（CMOV）与所述预定参考电压相匹配。 VGA的设计使得尽管绝对增益随过程，电压和温度（PVT）而变化，但增益步长仍然保持其值。 此外，还公开了以对PVT不敏感的方式控制VGA中的增益的方法。 首先，表示VGA注入VGA输出所需增益的电压。 然后，对VGA的CMOV进行采样。 最后，CMOV被预定的参考电压减去，并作为偏置反馈到VGA的晶体管的基极，从而控制其增益，直到CMOV和参考电压变得相等。

公开(公告)号：US5465072A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-07

申请号：US286526

申请日：1994-08-05

申请人： Mojtaba Atarodi

发明人： Mojtaba Atarodi

IPC分类号： H03F3/30 ,  H03F3/45 ,  H03G1/00 ,  H03G3/30

CPC分类号： H03F3/4521 ,  H03F3/3008 ,  H03F3/45107 ,  H03F3/45291 ,  H03F3/45304 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03G1/0023 ,  H03F2203/45304 ,  H03F2203/45366 ,  H03F2203/45458

摘要： An amplifier capable of being tuned to provide linear gain over a selected input signal range is disclosed herein. The amplifier includes an input stage for receiving an input signal. The amplifier further includes a tuning circuit, connected between the input stage and an amplifier output stage, for controlling gain of the amplifier by adjusting a tuning current supplied to the amplifier output stage. The tuning circuit may be realized with a differential transistor pair connected to a pair of transistors within the output stage. In a preferred implementation the input and output stages are arranged in a folded-cascode configuration so as to improve the output impedance and input common-mode signal range of the amplifier.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种能够调谐以在所选输入信号范围上提供线性增益的放大器。 放大器包括用于接收输入信号的输入级。 放大器还包括连接在输入级和放大器输出级之间的调谐电路，用于通过调节提供给放大器输出级的调谐电流来控制放大器的增益。 调谐电路可以通过连接到输出级内的一对晶体管的差分晶体管对来实现。 在优选实施例中，输入和输出级以折叠共源共栅配置布置，以便改善放大器的输出阻抗和输入共模信号范围。

公开(公告)号：US20080315949A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-25

申请号：US11767678

申请日：2007-06-25

申请人： Dale Scott Douglas

发明人： Dale Scott Douglas

IPC分类号： H03F3/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/45475 ,  H03F3/453 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F2203/45136 ,  H03F2203/45302 ,  H03F2203/45521 ,  H03G3/001

摘要： An improved VGA design offering a purely ratiometric mechanism for controlling gain by current-steering. A control loop delivers a reference voltage to a control amplifier that steers current and match the common mode output voltage (CMOV) with said predefined reference voltage. The VGA is designed so that, although the absolute gain varies over process, voltage, and temperature (PVT), the gain steps retain their values. Moreover, a method for controlling the gain in a VGA in a way that is insensitive to PVT is also disclosed. First, a voltage representing the required gain of the VGA in injected to the outputs of the VGA. Then, the CMOV of the VGA is sampled. Finally, the CMOV is subtracted by a predefined reference voltage and is fed back as bias to bases of the transistors of the VGA, thus controlling it gain, until the CMOV and the reference voltage become equal.

摘要翻译： 改进的VGA设计提供了一种纯比例计算机制，用于通过电流转向控制增益。 控制回路将参考电压提供给控制放大器，该控制放大器转向电流并使共模输出电压（CMOV）与所述预定参考电压相匹配。 VGA的设计使得尽管绝对增益随过程，电压和温度（PVT）而变化，但增益步长仍然保持其值。 此外，还公开了以对PVT不敏感的方式控制VGA中的增益的方法。 首先，表示VGA注入VGA输出所需增益的电压。 然后，对VGA的CMOV进行采样。 最后，CMOV被预定的参考电压减去，并作为偏置反馈到VGA的晶体管的基极，从而控制其增益，直到CMOV和参考电压变得相等。

公开(公告)号：US06160450A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

申请号：US290028

申请日：1999-04-09

申请人： Rudy G. H. Eschauzier ,  Nico van Riin

发明人： Rudy G. H. Eschauzier ,  Nico van Riin

IPC分类号： H03F1/30 ,  H03F3/185 ,  H03F3/45

CPC分类号： H03F3/185 ,  H03F1/301 ,  H03F3/45291 ,  H03F3/45802 ,  H03F2203/45406 ,  H03F2203/45434 ,  H03F2203/45436

摘要： A self-biased electret microphone amplifier with phantom powering which avoids the need for JFETs and depletion mode devices, both of which are not standard devices when using BiCMOS fabrication processes. Feedback is included to provide enhanced gain, dynamic range, linearity and temperature stability, without requiring filtering, large resistances or external components. A self-biased, phantom powered, differential MOSFET amplifier receives and pre-amplifies the microphone signal. Further amplification and feedback is provided by a differential amplifier and bipolar output amplifier which operates as a common emitter amplifier for the amplified microphone output signal and as an emitter follower amplifier for the feedback signal.

摘要翻译： 具有幻像供电的自偏置驻极体麦克风放大器，避免了对使用BiCMOS制造工艺的JFET和耗尽模式器件的需求，两者都不是标准器件。 包括反馈以提供增强的增益，动态范围，线性度和温度稳定性，无需过滤，大电阻或外部组件。 自偏压幻像供电的差分MOSFET放大器接收并预放大麦克风信号。 进一步的放大和反馈由差分放大器和双极性输出放大器提供，其作为用于放大的麦克风输出信号的公共发射极放大器和用作反馈信号的射极跟随放大器。