摘要:
Shell and tube heat exchangers achieve greater efficiency and substantially eliminate instabilities due to condensate subcooling by the location of flow restricting orifices at the outlet ends of heat exchanger tubes adjacent to the outlet header. Outlet orificing preferentially passes liquid condensate so as to prevent accumulation of condensate within the tubes and permits a higher tubeside temperature, even in the most heavily loaded tubes. In a two-pass configuration all tubes are outlet orificed. In a four-pass system, the most heavily loaded tubes (second pass) are orificed, although all tubes may be outlet orificed. Outlet orificing may be used in conjunction with inlet orificing which is used to provide greatest mass flow of tubeside steam to most heavily loaded tubes. Outlet orificing may be used in connection with vertical or horizontal U tube configurations. Preferred embodiment is utilized in a moisture separator reheater for use with steam turbines to reheat steam for later turbine stages. Orifices are restricted diameter apertured plugs in heat exchanger tubes located within the tubesheet adjacent to the header.
摘要:
A multiple orifice assembly for increasing the flow resistance in a conduit for conducting fluid flow. The multiple orifice assembly comprises a plurality of orifices spacedly supported in the conduit and a diffuser which is supported intermediate adjacent orifices. The diffuser is spaced from the upstream orifice a distance less than that distance required for fluid issuing from the upstream orifice to fully expand back to the constraints of the conduit.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for increasing the uniformity of heat transfer in a heat exchanger. The flow of the medium which is to be heated is regulated in such a way as to provide a uniform outlet temperature of this medium at the outlet ends of the tubes. This is achieved by throttling the flow of the medium into the inlet ends of the tube. After measuring the temperature of the medium at the outlet ends of the tubes, a throttling at the inlet ends is provided to achieve uniform temperatures at the outlet ends, respectively.
摘要:
An adaptor assembly includes: an adaptor piece including: a forged outer wall defining a substantially cylindrical shape; a through hole disposed at a top portion of the adaptor piece, the through hole defining an adaptor center cavity; a threaded portion disposed beneath the through hole; and a second hole disposed beneath the threaded portion. The adaptor assembly includes a hex socket including external threading. A diameter of the through hole is smaller than a diameter of the second hole. The hex socket is inserted through the second hole and screwed into the adaptor piece such that the external threading mates with the threaded portion.
摘要:
In order to reduce the difference in stress of the tubes through which heating steam is flowing in the case of heat exchangers where the tubes are concentrated in at least two horizontal bundles and where heating steam flows through the tubes and a power medium flows around the tubes, it is proposed that there are arranged at the intake openings of the tubes (1) through which the heating steam is flowing baffles (3) with different intake profiles (4) in such manner that within each bundle of tubes the intake profiles (4) will become smaller in direction of flow of the power medium to be heated.
摘要:
Each evaporator tube in a waste heat boiler has a flow restrictor disposed in the inlet thereof, the flow restrictor has a small diameter inlet end which converges into a smaller diameter restricting portion which discharges into the lower end of an outlet portion which is generally the same diameter as the tube, and the inlet and restricting portions are eccentrically disposed with respect to the outlet portion to provide trapless draining of the evaporator tubes.