Abstract:
A vanadium dioxide (VO 2 )-based threshold switch device exhibiting current-controlled negative differential resistance (S-type NDR), an electrical oscillator circuit based on the threshold switch device, a wafer including a plurality of said devices, and a method of manufacturing said device are provided. The VO 2 -based threshold switch device exhibits volatile resistance switching and current-controlled negative differential resistance from the first time a sweeping voltage or voltage pulse is applied across the device without being treated with an electroforming process. Furthermore, the device exhibits substantially identical switching characteristics over at least 10 3 switching operations between a high resistance state (HRS) and a low resistance state (LRS), and a plurality of threshold switch devices exhibits a threshold voltage VT spreading of less than about 25%. The threshold switch device may be included in an oscillator circuit to produce an astable oscillator that may serve as a functional building block in spiking-neuron based neuromorphic computing.
Abstract:
A HEMT device has a substrate; a buffer layer disposed above the substrate; a carrier supplying layer disposed above the buffer layer; a gate element penetrating the carrier supplying layer; and a drain element disposed on the carrier supplying layer. The carrier supplying layer has a non-uniform thickness between the gate element and the drain element, the carrier supplying layer having a relatively greater thickness adjacent the drain element and a relatively thinner thickness adjacent the gate element. A non-uniform two-dimensional electron gas conduction channel is formed in the carrier supplying layer, the two-dimensional electron gas conduction channel having a non-uniform profile between the gate and drain elements.
Abstract:
A non-lethal projectile used to immobilize, impair, disorient, or distract a live target. The non-lethal projectile can also be used as a signaling device. In one embodiment, a non-lethal payload carrying projectile that is detonated at a set distance determined and set by the operator. The distance is electronically controlled and can be set in the field seconds before the projectile is fired.
Abstract:
Printed circuit boards have circuit layers with one or more via filled holes with copper wraps and methods of manufacturing the same. An embodiment of the present invention provides a method to enhance the consistency of the wraparound plating of through-hole vias of printed circuit boards with (requiring) via filling to provide extra reliability to the printed circuit boards and enables the designers and/or manufacturers of printed circuit boards to design and manufacture boards with relatively fine features and/or tight geometries.
Abstract:
A sandwich material having both structural strength and significant acoustic attenuation. In one embodiment, a sandwich is composed of an architected core secured between two facesheets, with a compliant layer forming the connection between the core and the facesheets. The compliant core has a low modulus, resulting in a low speed for elastic shear waves in the sandwich, at low static loads. At high static loads the compliant material stiffens and allows the sandwich to exhibit significant structural strength.
Abstract:
Methods of manufacturing at least a portion of a printed circuit board. The circuit board is formed to include a plurality of sub-assemblies, each of the sub-assemblies including a plurality of circuit layers and having at least one countersink and at least one hole, the countersink having a first diameter and a first depth from a first side of at least one of the sub-assemblies and into the at least one sub-assembly, the hole having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter and a second depth longer than the first depth from the first side of the at least one sub-assembly and into the at least one sub-assembly at the countersink; a metal metalized within the hole and the countersink; a lamination adhesive interposed between one and a corresponding one of the sub-assemblies and having at least one via formed there through; and a counter paste filled within the via.
Abstract:
A linearly polarized eddy current sensor including a source antenna and a parasitic antenna coupled to the source antenna, serves as a high sensitivity tool for the measurement of the surface impedance of sheet goods without requiring contact with the sample. Sheet goods can have an anisotropic, frequency-dependent surface impedance that is sensitive to minor changes in configuration of the sample. Because the electric field induced by the sensor is linearly polarized, measurement of directionally dependent sheet impedance can be achieved. The measurement is performed with the resonant device operating in resonance mode whereby the immediate proximity of the material to be measured causes damping and shifting of the coupled loop resonance. The resonant frequency of the sensor can be tuned by making changes to its geometry.
Abstract:
Printed circuit boards having circuit layers laminated with stacked (or staggered) micro via(s) and methods of manufacturing the same. Aspects of embodiments of the present invention are directed to a printed circuit board with Z-axis interconnect(s) or micro via(s) that can eliminate a need for plating micro vias and/or eliminate a need for planarizing plated bumps of a surface, that can be fabricated with one or two lamination cycles, and/or that can have carrier-to-carrier (or substrate-to-substrate) attachments with conductive vias, each filled with a conductive material (e.g., with a conductive paste) in the Z-axis. In one embodiment, a printed circuit board having a plurality of circuit layers with at least one z-axis interconnect can be fabricated using a single lamination cycle.
Abstract:
A method and system for preventing use of a vehicle by an operator of the vehicle. The system includes a system controller; a biometric authenticator coupled to the system controller; and a substance detecting device adapted to provide a substance level in the operator to the system controller. Here, the system controller is adapted to communicate a driving restriction to the vehicle if the substance level in the operator is above a tolerance level or if the operator is not authenticated by the authenticator, the substance level is determined at an extremity of the operator, the operator is also authenticated at the extremity, and the extremity is selected from the group consisting of finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand, and head.
Abstract:
A system and method for forming microlattice structures of large thickness. In one embodiment, a photomonomer resin is secured in a mold having a transparent bottom, the interior surface of which is coated with a mold-release agent. A substrate is placed in contact with the top surface of the photomonomer resin. The photomonomer resin is illuminated from below by one or more sources of collimated light, through a photomask, causing polymer waveguides to form, extending up to the substrate, forming a microlattice structure connected with the substrate. After a layer of microlattice structure has formed, the substrate is raised using a translation-rotation system, additional photomonomer resin is added to the mold, and the photomonomer resin is again illuminated through the photomask, to form an additional layer of microlattice structure. The process is repeated multiple times to form a stacked microlattice structure.