Abstract:
A method for expressing a protein of interest in a plant is provided. The method involves providing a plant comprising both an inactivated viral replicon that comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding the protein of interest and a nucleotide sequence encoding a replicon reactivating protein that is operatively linked to an inducible promoter, and inducing the inducible promoter within the plant to produce the replicon reactivating protein. The replicon reactivating protein reactivates the inactivated viral replicon, and allows replication of the inactivated viral replicon. This results in the expressing the protein of interest within the plant.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a cellulose-degrading enzyme composition comprising one or more cellobiohydrolase and/or endoglucanase enzyme, and an effective amount of an isolated GH16 polypeptide, where the presence of the isolated GH16 polypeptide in the enzyme composition increases the rate or extent of degradation of a cellulosic substrate compared to an equivalent dosage of a corresponding cellulose-degrading enzyme composition lacking the at least one isolated GH16 polypeptide. The present invention also relates to a method for producing fermentable sugars from a cellulosic substrate using the above cellulose- degrading enzyme composition and to genetically modified microbes for produced the above cellulose-degrading enzyme composition.
Abstract:
A method for controlling fuel pressure in an internal combustion engine consuming a gaseous fuel and a liquid fuel comprises steps of determining a gaseous fuel pressure target value as a function of an engine operating condition; pressurizing the liquid fuel to a liquid fuel pressure based on the gaseous fuel pressure target value; and regulating gaseous fuel pressure from the liquid fuel pressure; such that the gaseous fuel pressure equals the gaseous fuel pressure target value to within a predetermined range of tolerance.
Abstract:
A cryogenic pump (2) is typically used to supply high pressure natural gas to an engine. The pump (2) has a piston (6) operable to discharge cryogenic liquid from a pumping chamber (8) within a pump housing (4). The cryogenic liquid exits the chamber (8) through an outlet port (10) in which a check valve (2) is positioned. The check valve (12) has a valve member (14) which is loaded by a spring (28) and is retained by a retaining member (16) accessible from outside the housing (4). The check valve (12) has an inlet (18) which is axial with the valve member (14) and an outlet (20) which is transverse to the axis of the valve member (14).
Abstract:
An apparatus and method is disclosed for in situ impedance measurement of a piezoelectric actuator located in a mechanical system. There is a signal generator that generates a voltage signal having a frequency greater than a resonant frequency of the piezoelectric actuator in the mechanical system. The voltage signal is applied to the piezoelectric actuator thereby creating a current signal. The piezoelectric actuator is mechanically unresponsive to the voltage and current signals. There is also a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a computer. The voltage sensor is connected with the piezoelectric actuator for measuring a voltage representative of the voltage signal. The current sensor is connected with the piezoelectric actuator for measuring a current representative of the current signal. The computer is in communication with the voltage sensor and the current sensor and is programmed to compute an impedance value based on the voltage and the current.
Abstract:
The present invention comprises pretreating a lignocellulosic feedstock with acid at a pH between about 2.0 and about 3.5 to produce a composition comprising an acid pretreated feedstock. The acid pretreated feedstock is then enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulases and β-glucosidase. The glucose is fermented by microorganisms to produce a fermentation broth comprising the fermentation product, followed by recovery of the fermentation product. The steps of enzymatically hydrolyzing and fermenting are conducted at a pH below about 4.0.
Abstract:
A method for processing of a lignocellulosic feedstock is provided comprising exposing lignocellulosic feedstock to acid in a reactor to hydrolyze at least hemicellulose present in said lignocellulosic feedstock, wherein during said exposing, a scale deposit comprising lignin forms on the inner surface of said reactor; and treating the scale deposit with an alkali solution at a temperature between about 140°C and about 250°C so as to remove scale. Also provided is a method for reducing scale deposit that forms on process equipment during a stage of reacting a lignocellulosic feedstock with acid.
Abstract:
A mobile image display system includes multiple movable panels, each including a video display. Using a position sensor, the system knows when a particular panel reaches a position in which the displayed image is distorted due to overlapping or misalignment of the panels. Then, a central processing unit provides the panels in the region where distortion is present with a modified image to correct for this distortion. Additionally, the panels may include light and/or weight sensors. In response to these sensors, an image in any location the carousel can be revised in response to the presence of an article such as a suitcase.
Abstract:
A process for recovering a volatile carboxylic acid from an aqueous stream containing same comprising the steps of: (a) evaporating the aqueous stream to produce a vapour stream comprising the volatile carboxylic acid that has been vapourized and water vapour, which aqueous stream is produced by a conversion process using a lignocellulosic feedstock as a substrate; (b) contacting the vapour stream with an organic solvent so as to extract the volatile carboxylic acid present in the vapour stream, thereby producing a liquid stream comprising the organic solvent and the volatile carboxylic acid, and a water vapour stream, wherein the organic solvent has an atmospheric boiling point of at least about 150°C and is insoluble in water; and (c) separating the volatile carboxylic acid from the organic solvent.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a recombinant soluble trimeric hemagglutinin (rHA) protein comprising a hemagglutinin ectodomain and an oligomerization domain. The rHA is produced as a soluble homotrimer, and may further comprises a signal peptide and/or an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. The invention is also directed to nucleic acids encoding the rHA of the invention, as well as vectors and chimeric constructs comprising the nucleic acid. Methods of producing the rHA are also provided. The rHA described herein may be used to formulate influenza vaccines, or may be used to enrich existing vaccines.