摘要:
This invention relates to heterogeneous catalysts useful for selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, comprising palladium and optionally a promoter, supported on a substrate, having an uncoated BET surface area of 2 /g, the surface being coated with an ionic liquid. Also described are methods of making the catalysts and methods of selective hydrogenation of acetylene in front-end mixed olefin feed streams.
摘要:
L’invention a pour objet l’utilisation d’un liquide ionique, comme matrice liquide pour la synthèse organique en phase homogène sur support soluble, ledit liquide ionique se présentant sous forme liquide ou solide à température ambiante, de formule A 1 + X 1 - , A 1 + représentant un cation, fonctionnel ou non, ou un mélange de cations dans lequel soit aucun des cations n’est fonctionnel soit l’un au moins des cations est fonctionnel, et X 1 - un anion, fonctionnel ou non, ou un mélange d’anions dans lequel soit aucun des anions n’est fonctionnel soit l’un au moins des anions est fonctionnel.
摘要:
The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been displaced, and the uses of these compounds. A compound disclosed by the invention comprises an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality. The anionic portion is comprised of one of the groups (A) and (B) wherein Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and Y5 represent a carbonyl group, a sulphonyl group, a thiocarbonyl group, a thionyl group, a -C(=NCN)- group or a -C(=C(CN)2)- group; Z represents an electroattractive radical; each of the substituents, RA, RB, RC, and RD represents independently of one another a monovalent or divalent organic radical or is part of a polymer chain, with at least one or the substituents RC and RD being a perfluorinated radical. The compounds can be used especially for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides an ionic fluid pre-cursor being a reaction product of at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one hydrogen donor and having a softening point less than the melting point or softening point of said compound of formula (I) M x A y.z H 2 O The present disclosure also provides a process for preparing the ionic fluid pre-cursor. The present disclosure further provides an ionic fluid and a process for preparing the same.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for treating a supported metal containing catalyst, comprising contacting the catalyst with a solution comprising a solvent and an ionic liquid and removing the solvent, wherein the catalyst contains one or more metals selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, gold, platinum, palladium and silver. Further, the invention relates to the catalyst obtained in said process, and to the use of such catalyst in the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as acetylene.
摘要:
The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO , an ammonium -NH4 , a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic load is carried by a pentacyclical nucleus or tetrazapentalene derivative bearing electroattractive substituents. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.
摘要:
One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acid group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing aldehydes by reacting monoolefins, conjugated and non-conjugated polyolefins, cycloolefins or derivatives of these classes of compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen (hydroformylation) in the presence of rhodium or rhodium compounds and a non-aqueous ionic liquid of general formula (Q )aA , wherein Q represents a singly charged ammonium cation that is optionally substituted with organic radicals, and A represents the anion of a sulphonated or carboxylated triester of phosphorous acid.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for grafting a polymer onto the surface of a carbonate material with carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl functions on its surface. Said material is placed in suspension in a solution including the polymer to be grafted, which has a carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl function, said solution also being comprised of a polymer solvent. A process which stimulates the dehydration into a carboxyl function of an amine and/or hydroxyl function is then performed, and the polymer is grafted onto the carbonate material using ester or amide links. The invention can be used in the cathode or naode of an electrochemical generator, in polymer materials with low polar properties, in ink, and also as a conductive coating on flexible plastic used as an electrical contact, as electromagnetic shielding, or as static protection.
摘要:
A micro-emulsion and a method of making the micro-emulsion are described. The micro-emulsion composition includes a hydrocarbon component and an ionic liquid component. The hydrocarbon component comprises a hydrocarbon, and the ionic liquid component comprises an ionic liquid. The ionic liquid comprises a halometallate anion and a cation. The ionic liquid is present in an amount of about 0.05 wt% to about 40 wt% of the micro-emulsion. The micro-emulsion can optionally include a surfactant, and a catalyst promoter. The co-solvent has a polarity greater than the polarity of the hydrocarbon.