摘要:
A displacement chromatography process, including: loading onto a stationary phase comprising an anion-exchange material a mixture comprising one or more component to be separated; displacing at least one of the one or more component from the stationary phase by applying to the stationary phase a mixture comprising an polyaromatic polyanionic displacer compound having a general formula Cen (Ar)w, in which Cen is a central bond or group, Ar is an aromatic nucleus, w = 2 to the maximum number of sites one Cen, and Ar is substituted with a plurality of An - , in which each An - is independently defined as sulfonate, carboxylate, phosphonate, phosphate, sulfate; and Ar is further substituted with a plurality of G, in which G is defined as independently H, C1-C6 alkyl, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkoxy In addition, a group of polyaromatic polyanionic displacer compounds useful in the process is disclosed.
摘要:
The present invention provides a novel glycerol-based heterogeneous solid acid catalyst by simultaneous partial carbonization and sulfonation of crude glycerol obtained as a by-product during the biodiesel process. Solid acid catalyst with similar activity is also prepared from glycerol pitch (by-product of fat splitting) and technical grade glycerol. These glycerol-based solid acid catalysts are employed for esterification of fatty acids and fatty acid present in the high and low free fatty acid (FFA) containing vegetable oils like rice bran, karanja and jatropha; fatty acid distillate; deodorizer distillate and acid oil which are being used as raw materials for the preparation of biodiesel. These catalysts are highly active, reusable and simplify the biodiesel process particularly for fatty acids or high FFA containing vegetable oils by replacing the traditional homogeneous mineral acid catalysts.
摘要:
PCT No. PCT/EP96/05091 Sec. 371 Date May 29, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date May 29, 1998 PCT Filed Nov. 19, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/20877 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 12, 1997Soluble poly(bis-9,9'-fluorenes) comprise identical or different structural repeating units of the formula I, where the two R1s are, independently of one another, H, C1-C18alkyl, C6-C14aryl, C7-C15aralkyl, C1-C18alkoxy, R2-(O-CnH2n)m-O-, C1-C18alkylthio, C1-C18dialkylamino, -C(O)OH, -C(O)O-C1-C18alkyl, -C(O)-N(C1-C18alkyl)2, -SO3H, -SO3-C1-C18alkyl, -SO2-N(C1-C18alkyl)2, C1-C17-alkyl-C(O)-O- or C1-C17alkyl-C(O)-, R2 is H or C1-C12alkyl, n is from 2 to 6 and m is from 1 to 12. The polymers can be used either alone or in admixture with at least one additional fluorophore whose absorption band overlaps the emission band (fluorescent emission) of the polymer of the formula I as active radiative layer for light-emitting diodes, VDUs and display elements.
摘要:
A process for producing an aromatic sulfonic acid compound, comprising sulfonating a compound having at least one aromatic ring with the use of any of compounds of the formula (1) as a sulfonating agent. This provides a process for producing an aromatic sulfonic acid compound usable in thin films for electronic device usage. A-SO 3 H (1) wherein A is formula (2) or (3): (2) (3) wherein Q is hydroxyl, etc.; and each of R 1 to R 4 and each of R 5 to R 10 independently represent hydrogen, a halogen, a sulfonate group, carboxyl, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, etc., provided that with respect to the substituents of R 1 to R 4 and R 5 to R 10 , any two adjacent substituents may form -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 O-, etc. and thus form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring with carbon atoms bonded thereto.
摘要:
A displacement chromatography process, including: loading onto a stationary phase comprising an anion-exchange material a mixture comprising one or more component to be separated; displacing at least one of the one or more component from the stationary phase by applying to the stationary phase a mixture comprising an polyaromatic polyanionic displacer compound having a general formula Cen (Ar)w, in which Cen is a central bond or group, Ar is an aromatic nucleus, w = 2 to the maximum number of sites one Cen, and Ar is substituted with a plurality of An - , in which each An - is independently defined as sulfonate, carboxylate, phosphonate, phosphate, sulfate; and Ar is further substituted with a plurality of G, in which G is defined as independently H, C1-C6 alkyl, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkoxy In addition, a group of polyaromatic polyanionic displacer compounds useful in the process is disclosed.