摘要:
The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in the mid- or distal section of a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.
摘要:
An electrochemical cell for applications such as electrochemical fuel cells, or electrochemical cell gas sensors used for detection of target gas species in environments containing or susceptible to presence of same. The electrochemical cell utilizes an ionic liquid as an electrolyte medium, thereby achieving a broader range of operational temperatures and conditions, relative to electrochemical cells utilizing propylene carbonate or other conventional electrolytic media.
摘要:
The invention relates to novel compositions for isolating and/or stabilising nucleic acids in material of a biological origin. Said compositions comprise a cationic compound of general formula Y R1R2R3R4 X' as an essential constituent; wherein Y can represent nitrogen or phosphorus; R1, R2, R and R4 can independently represent an unbranched or branched C1-C20 alkyl radical and/or a C6-C20 aryl radical and a C6-C26 aralkyl radical; and X' can represent an anion pertaining to an inorganic or organic, monobasic or polybasic acid.
摘要:
The invention provides a process for production of optically active 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid by reacting an optical isomer mixture of 2,2-dimethylcyclo- propanecarboxylic acid with an optically inactive amine to form (precipitate or crystallize) an ammonium salt of optically active 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, e.g., optically active (S)-(+)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid. According to the invention, the production (including optical resolution, separation of optical isomers, and purification of optical isomers) of optically active 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid important as an intermediate in the production of agricultural chemicals and drugs can be easily carried out at a low cost. Further, the invention provides intermediates for the above production (e.g., ammonium salts of optically active 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, particularly, ammonium salts of optically active (S)-(+)-2,2-dimethyl- cyclopropanecarboxylic acid) and reagents for optical resolution for the separation of optically active 2,2- dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (e.g., optically inactive amines).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing bis(perfluoroalkyl)phosphinic acids, according to which at least one difluorotris(perfluoroalkyl)phosphorane or at least one trifluorobis(perfluoroalkyl)phosphorane is reacted with hydrogen fluoride in a suitable reaction medium and the obtained reaction mixture is heated. The invention also relates to salts of the bis(perfluoroalkyl)phosphinic acids and the use thereof.