摘要:
An internal combustion engine having an air-fuel mixture supply controller is provided with an air-to-fuel ratio detector for detecting the oxygen content in the exhaust gas of the engine and a feedback controller for correcting mixture supply operation of the mixture supply controller in response to the oxygen content. A halt circuit and a hold circuit, being responsive to first and second operating conditions of the engine respectively, are connected to the feedback controller to halt and hold the feedback control, thus causing the mixture supply controller to supply the richer or leaner mixture as desired.
摘要:
The air-to-fuel ratio of a combustible mixture supplied to an engine is controlled by a feedback loop which includes an integration circuit for integrating the output signal of an oxygen sensor which detects the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases of the engine, to produce an output voltage. The output of the sensor is applied to the integration circuit through a switch which opens in response to predetermined conditions of the engine whereby the output voltage of the integration circuit is held at a value occurring just before the switch opens.
摘要:
In an air-to-fuel ratio feedback control system, air-to-fuel ratio of mixture supplied to an engine is controlled to be stoichiometric in response to the oxygen concentration in exhaust gases during normal operating conditions of the engine, whereas it is controlled irrespective of the oxygen concentration during specific operating conditions such as heavy load and no load conditions of the engine. Sensor output signal indicative of the oxygen concentration which is integrated to control the air-to-fuel ratio is cut off and integrator output signal is increased or decreased by a predetermined value during the specific conditions so that the mixture is controlled to be richer or leaner as desired than the stoichiometry.
摘要:
An air-to-fuel ratio feedback control system which normally functions to correct the air-to-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine to a predetermined air-to-fuel ratio in accordance with an output signal of an air-to-fuel ratio detector disposed in an exhaust passage. The system detects an inoperable period of the air-to-fuel ratio detector due to a low engine temperature and stops the feedback correction of the air-to-fuel ratio to prevent erroneous correction. Furthermore, during the full load operation and idling operation the system holds the feedback correction of the air-to-fuel ratio respectively at a little smaller and larger than the stoichiometric ratio irrespective of the output of the air-to-fuel ratio detector and enables to easily return to substantially the stoichiometric one when the engine operating condition returns to normal operation.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a transfer body, which method neither causes adhesion failure at the interface between a transferring film and a substrate, nor causes interlayer peeling in the transferring film. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a transfer body with high productivity, which method neither causes breakage of a functional pattern forming a transferring layer during peeling of a release film from the transferring film, nor causes any damage to the substrate during separation of an attaching roller and a peeling roller from the substrate.
摘要:
A rubber member conveying device and a rubber member supplying system having the same are provided. The device and the system rapidly promote the shrinkage of the rubber member, thereby avoiding the length variation of the rubber member in the processing step for the rubber member. A rubber member supplying system 10 comprises a belt conveyor 14 which supplies a to-be-cut material 12 having an internal strain, a cutter 16 which cuts the to-be-cut material 12 supplied by the belt conveyor 14 to form a rubber member 20, and a rubber member conveying part 24 which conveys the rubber members 20. The rubber member conveying part 24 comprises an endless belt 26, and rollers 28 supported by supporting parts 30 that are provided at the endless belt 26. The rubber member 20 is conveyed on the rollers 28 while exposed to vibrations. Accordingly, the shrinkage in the rubber member 20 caused by the internal strain thereof is substantially completed in the conveying operation.
摘要:
In an apparatus capable of distilling and refining an easily polymerizable substance, piping is performed so that when a strainer in action is switched to a backup strainer, the strainer can be switched after removing air in the backup strainer to replace air in the backup strainer with a discharge liquid of a pump. According to the apparatus, switching the strainers installed on an upstream side of the pump for extracting a liquid of a vacuum distillation column, which distills and refines the easily polymerizable substance, can be performed with no trouble during operation of the distillation column. When the apparatus includes a device for measuring a differential pressure between an upstream side and a downstream side of the strainer in action, two or more strainers installed in parallel can be switched at proper times and the easily polymerizable substance can be produced efficiently.
摘要:
The present invention is to provide a polymerizable compound which can be a raw material for a resin having high transparency, good heat resistance and mechanical strength required for optical components such as plastic lenses and the like, while attaining a high refractive index (nd) exceeding 1.7, and an optical component composed of such a resin. Disclosed is a compound represented by the general formula (3), wherein, in the formula, M represents a metal atom; X1 and X2 each independently represent a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; R1 represents a divalent organic group; m represents an integer of 0 or 1 or more; p represents an integer of from 1 to n; q represents an integer of from 1 to (n-p); n represents a valence of a metal atom M; Yq each independently represent an inorganic or organic residue; and when q is 2 or more, Yq may be bonded to one another for forming a ring structure with the intermediary of a metal atom M.
摘要翻译:本发明提供一种聚合性化合物,其可以成为具有高透明度,高耐热性和塑料透镜等的光学部件所需的机械强度的树脂的原料,同时获得高折射率(nd) 1.7,以及由这种树脂构成的光学部件。 公开了由通式(3)表示的化合物,其中在式中,M表示金属原子; X 1和X 2各自独立地表示硫原子或氧原子; R 1表示二价有机基团; m表示0或1以上的整数, p表示1〜n的整数, q表示1〜(n-p)的整数。 n表示金属原子M的化合价; Yq各自独立地表示无机或有机残基; 当q为2以上时,可以将Yq彼此结合形成具有金属原子M的中间环状结构。
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a fixing unit having a heat source, a temperature detecting unit for detecting a temperature of the fixing unit, an initial operation necessity detecting unit for determining whether an initial operation should be performed in the image forming apparatus, an initial operation selecting control unit for selecting an initial operation from among a plurality of predetermined initial operations based on the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit when the initial operation necessity detecting unit detects that the initial operation should be performed, and a control unit for controlling the fixing unit so that the fixing unit performs the initial operation selected by the initial operation selecting control unit. Furthermore, a temperature control apparatus includes a determination unit for determining, based on the detected temperature of the body, whether the temperature of the body should be increased or decreased, a temperature increasing control unit for applying an AC voltage from the AC power supply to the heater so that the temperature of the body is increased when the determination unit determines that the temperature of the body should be increased, and a temperature decreasing control unit for applying to the heater a pulse-shaped AC voltage which is repeatedly turned on and off at a frequency so that the temperature of the body is decreased when the determination unit determined that the temperature of the body should be decreased, the frequency being generally not perceived by people.
摘要:
An underwater laser processing system has a laser torch; a laser torch driving mechanism for changing a laser emission position of the laser torch; and a chamber with one end opened to an external environment, which contains the laser torch; wherein a partitioning wall for preventing permeation of water is provided between a free end of the chamber and the laser torch. The system is used for detecting a sensitized portion and repairing it at one time using a sensitization detecting arrangement. Moreover, it is used for forming an alloying layer by melting a sprayed coating film, and for forming a new surface layer by emitting a laser beam through a solution containing a metal component.