Particle-stabilized metal foam and its production
    1.
    发明授权
    Particle-stabilized metal foam and its production 失效
    颗粒稳定的金属泡沫及其生产

    公开(公告)号:US5622542A

    公开(公告)日:1997-04-22

    申请号:US492019

    申请日:1995-08-17

    摘要: The invention relates to a process for producing a particle-stabilized metal foam from a composite capable of acting as a precursor composite for the metal foam. The precursor composite is formed by heating a matrix metal, e.g. aluminum or an aluminum alloy, above its liquidus temperature to form a liquid matrix metal, adding to the liquid matrix metal stabilizer particles capable of remaining dispersed within the matrix metal, e.g. MgO particles preferably in the form of agglomerates of particles and some fine particles, and mixing the liquid matrix metal and stabilizer particles under a covering gas, e.g. air, in such a way that bubbles of the gas, as well as the stabilizing particles, are dispersed throughout the matrix metal. The precursor composite can then be foamed by the introduction of a gas by a known technique to form a particle-stabilized metal foam. The entrainment of gas bubbles means that a microporosity may be introduced into some of the cell walls of the composite, which is retained when the composite is transformed into a metal foam. The foam product has improved crush and machining properties.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / CA94 / 00027 Sec。 371日期:1995年8月17日 102(e)日期1995年8月17日PCT 1994年1月21日PCT PCT。 公开号WO94 / 17218 PCT 日期1994年8月4日本发明涉及一种由能够用作金属泡沫体的前体复合材料的复合材料制备颗粒稳定金属泡沫的方法。 前体复合材料通过加热基体金属,例如, 铝或铝合金,高于其液相线温度以形成液体基质金属,添加到能够保持分散在基质金属中的液体基质金属稳定剂颗粒,例如, MgO颗粒优选为颗粒附聚物和一些细颗粒的形式,并将液体基质金属和稳定剂颗粒混合在覆盖气体下,例如, 空气,使得气体的气泡以及稳定颗粒分散在整个基体金属中。 然后可以通过已知技术引入气体来形成前体复合材料以形成颗粒稳定的金属泡沫。 气泡的夹带意味着可以将微孔引入到复合材料的一些细胞壁中,当复合材料转变成金属泡沫时,其保留。 泡沫产品具有改进的压碎和加工性能。

    Fuel Cell Stacks
    2.
    发明申请
    Fuel Cell Stacks 有权
    燃料电池堆

    公开(公告)号:US20130059222A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-03-07

    申请号:US13695453

    申请日:2011-05-09

    申请人: Martin Thomas

    发明人: Martin Thomas

    IPC分类号: H01M2/38 H01M8/04

    摘要: A fuel cell stack (10) comprises a plurality of fuel cells each with a chamber (K) for electrolyte with at least one inlet and at least one outlet, and at least one header (30) to supply electrolyte to all the cells in parallel, and means (14) to collect electrolyte that has flowed through the cells. For each cell, the electrolyte outlets (34) feed into an electrolyte flow channel arranged such that in use there is a free surface of electrolyte within the electrolyte flow channel, the electrolyte flow channel being separate from the corresponding electrolyte flow channels for other cells, but such that the free surfaces of all the electrolyte flow channels are at a common pressure. Electrolyte is maintained at a constant depth in this open flow channel by a weir (38), and then flows over the weir to trickle or drip down the outside of the stack. This ensures uniform outlet electrolyte pressure throughout the stack (10) and across the individual cells, and avoids or reduces ionic leakage currents through the electrolyte outlets.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池堆(10)包括多个燃料电池,每个燃料电池具有用于电解质的室(K),其具有至少一个入口和至少一个出口,以及至少一个头部(30),以平行地向所有电池供应电解质 ,以及用于收集已经流过细胞的电解质的装置(14)。 对于每个电池,电解质出口(34)进入电解质流动通道,其布置使得在使用中在电解质流动通道内存在电解质的自由表面,电解质流动通道与用于其它电池的相应的电解质流动通道分开, 但是使得所有电解质流动通道的自由表面处于共同的压力。 电解液通过堰(38)在这个开放的流动通道中保持恒定的深度,然后流过堰,涓流或滴落在堆垛外面。 这确保整个堆叠(10)和跨单独电池均匀的出口电解液压力,并避免或减少通过电解液出口的离子泄漏电流。

    Membrane electrode assembly with hydrogenatable material for a fuel cell
    3.
    发明授权
    Membrane electrode assembly with hydrogenatable material for a fuel cell 有权
    具有用于燃料电池的可氢化材料的膜电极组件

    公开(公告)号:US08283081B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-10-09

    申请号:US12208411

    申请日:2008-09-11

    IPC分类号: H01M8/02 H01M8/04 H01M8/10

    摘要: The invention relates to a membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell with a proton-conducting membrane two catalyst layers adjoining both sides of the membrane, wherein the catalyst layers have an electrically conductive base material and at least one catalytic material deposited on the base material, and two gas diffusion layers adjoining the catalyst layers. The membrane and/or at least one of the catalyst layers and/or at least one of the gas diffusion layers includes at least one hydrogenatable material capable of binding hydrogen in a reversible exothermic hydrogenation operation by forming a hydride, depending on the temperature and/or pressure. The hydrogenatable material can be distributed in the gas diffusion layer and/or in the catalyst layer or can be present as a separate layer on at least one side of the gas diffusion electrode or the membrane.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种用于燃料电池的膜 - 电极组件,其具有质子传导膜,两个邻近膜两侧的催化剂层,其中催化剂层具有导电基材和沉积在基材上的至少一种催化材料 和与催化剂层相邻的两个气体扩散层。 膜和/或至少一个催化剂层和/或至少一个气体扩散层包括至少一种能够通过形成氢化物在可逆放热加氢操作中结合氢的至少一种可氢化材料,这取决于温度和/ 或压力。 可氢化材料可以分布在气体扩散层和/或催化剂层中,或者可以在气体扩散电极或膜的至少一侧作为单独的层存在。

    Microcontroller system
    4.
    发明申请
    Microcontroller system 审中-公开
    微控制器系统

    公开(公告)号:US20110099401A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-04-28

    申请号:US11666784

    申请日:2005-10-26

    IPC分类号: G06F1/32

    CPC分类号: G06F1/3203

    摘要: A microcontroller system includes a microcontroller, which is able to be switched over between a state having high power consumption and a state having restricted power consumption, a status register, a timer and a first logic assembly that is connected to the timer and the status register, and, in response to receiving a time-out signal from the timer, causes a transition of the microcontroller from the state of restricted power consumption to the state of high power consumption, if the content of the status register has a first specified value.

    摘要翻译: 微控制器系统包括微控制器,其能够在具有高功耗的状态和具有受限功耗的状态之间切换,状态寄存器,定时器和连接到定时器和状态寄存器的第一逻辑组件 并且如果状态寄存器的内容具有第一指定值,则响应于从定时器接收到超时信号,使微控制器从限制功耗状态转变到高功耗状态。

    Method for protecting a microcomputer system against manipulation of data stored in a storage arrangement of the microcomputer system
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for protecting a microcomputer system against manipulation of data stored in a storage arrangement of the microcomputer system 失效
    用于保护微型计算机系统免受操纵存储在微计算机系统的存储装置中的数据的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07207066B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-04-17

    申请号:US09766102

    申请日:2001-01-19

    IPC分类号: G06F12/14 H04L9/32

    CPC分类号: G06F21/78

    摘要: A method for protecting a microcomputer system against manipulation of data stored in a storage arrangement of the microcomputer system, in particular for protecting a program stored in the storage arrangement. The microcomputer system includes a microcomputer assigned to the storage arrangement, the microcomputer accessing the storage arrangement for the purpose of processing the data, i.e., the program. In order to prevent the manipulation of data in a microcomputer that does not have an internal memory but rather accesses an external storage arrangement and processes the stored data, it is proposed that before the storage arrangement is accessed, an individual identifier be assigned to the or to each allocated microcomputer or to the storage arrangement that a comparison code be generated as a function of the individual identifier and be stored in the storage arrangement, and that, before or during the operation of the microcomputer system, a security code be generated as a function of the individual identifier and be compared with the comparison code.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于保护微型计算机系统免受操纵存储在微计算机系统的存储装置中的数据的方法,特别是用于保护存储在存储装置中的程序。 微型计算机系统包括分配给存储装置的微型计算机,为了处理数据即程序而访问存储装置的微型计算机。 为了防止在不具有内部存储器的微型计算机中的数据的操作,而是访问外部存储装置并处理存储的数据,建议在存储装置被访问之前,将个体标识符分配给或 到每个分配的微型计算机或存储装置,作为个人标识符的函数产生比较代码并存储在存储装置中,并且在微计算机系统的操作之前或期间,生成安全码作为 功能,并与比较代码进行比较。

    Optical imaging device for splitting an initial image into at least two images
    7.
    发明授权
    Optical imaging device for splitting an initial image into at least two images 有权
    用于将初始图像分割成至少两个图像的光学成像装置

    公开(公告)号:US07667761B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-23

    申请号:US11167442

    申请日:2005-06-27

    申请人: Martin Thomas

    发明人: Martin Thomas

    IPC分类号: G02B13/16

    摘要: There is provided an optical imaging device (18) for splitting an initial image into at least two images with different optical characteristics. The device comprises a dichroic mirror (32) to create first and second optical pathways respectively incident on first and second mirrors (41, 41′) carried on a centrally pivoted rotatable arm, characterised in that the first and second reflective means are moveable along the arm (42) whilst held in fixed relationship to each other, thereby to adjust separation of the first and second optical pathways. A third mirror (46) in fixed relationship to the beam splitter (32) is positioned adjacent where the first and second optical pathways intersect, or just before the intersection of the first and second optical pathways, or just after the point of intersection.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于将初始图像分解成具有不同光学特性的至少两个图像的光学成像装置(18)。 该装置包括分色镜(32),以产生分别入射在承载在中心枢转的可旋转臂上的第一和第二反射镜(41,41')上的第一和第二光学通路,其特征在于,第一和第二反射装置可沿着 臂(42),同时保持彼此固定的关系,从而调节第一和第二光学路径的分离。 与分束器(32)固定关系的第三反射镜(46)位于第一和第二光学路径相交处或邻近于第一和第二光学路径的相交处之前,或恰好在交点之后。

    Illumination of objects using spatial light modulators
    8.
    发明申请
    Illumination of objects using spatial light modulators 有权
    使用空间光调制器照明物体

    公开(公告)号:US20080013004A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-01-17

    申请号:US11485764

    申请日:2006-07-13

    申请人: Martin Thomas

    发明人: Martin Thomas

    IPC分类号: G02F1/135

    摘要: Apparatus for illuminating an object comprising a first polarising beamsplitter (2) which produces a first linearly polarised component (3) and an orthogonally polarised component (5). The two components (3, 5) are focussed onto a liquid crystal device (7) having an array of electronically controllable pixel elements each of which is bistable in that it is electronically controllable to occupy either a first state in which the plane of polarisation of the light incident on the pixel is rotated by up to 90° or a second state in which the plane of polarisation is not changed. The two light beams from the device (7) are incident on a second polarising beamsplitter (13) which recombines the incident beams into two composite beams one of which represents light rotated by the “on” pixels of the device (7), and this combined beam is refocussed onto the object.

    摘要翻译: 用于照明物体的装置,包括产生第一线性偏振分量(3)和正交极化分量(5)的第一偏振分束器(2)。 两个部件(3,5)聚焦在液晶装置(7)上,该液晶装置(7)具有电子可控的像素元件的阵列,每个可控的像素元件是双稳态的,因为它是可电子控制的,以便占据第一状态,在第一状态下, 入射到像素上的光旋转高达90°,或者偏振平面不改变的第二状态。 来自装置(7)的两个光束入射到第二偏振分束器(13)上,其将入射光束复合到两个复合光束中,其中一个表示由装置(7)的“开”像素旋转的光,并且 组合光束被重新聚焦到物体上。

    Method and apparatus for providing control parameters to or within a control system
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for providing control parameters to or within a control system 失效
    用于向控制系统内或控制系统提供控制参数的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US06718250B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-04-06

    申请号:US09824375

    申请日:2001-04-02

    IPC分类号: B60T712

    CPC分类号: F02D41/266 F02D41/2096

    摘要: A Method and an apparatus for providing control parameters to or within a control system for controlling a fuel injection system are described. The method is characterized in that a plurality of control parameters is transmitted to storage means (810) within the control system by transmission means (850). The transmitted control parameters are stored within the storage means (810). Selection parameters are transmitted to selection means (800) within the control system by transmission means (840). Stored control parameters are selected in accordance with transmitted selection parameters by the selection means (800). And the selected parameters are utilized for controlling elements within the control system. The apparatus is in particular eligible for usage with a inventive method and is characterized in that a control unit (D) and an activation IC (E) are connected to each other by transmission means (840, 850). Storage means (810) are implemented in the activation IC (E). And selection means (800) are implemented in the activation IC (E).

    摘要翻译: 描述了用于向用于控制燃料喷射系统的控制系统中或内部提供控制参数的方法和装置。 该方法的特征在于,多个控制参数通过传输装置(850)发送到控制系统内的存储装置(810)。 发送的控制参数存储在存储装置(810)内。 选择参数通过传输装置(840)发送到控制系统内的选择装置(800)。 通过选择装置(800),根据传送的选择参数选择存储的控制参数。 并且所选参数用于控制系统内的元件。 该装置特别适合使用本发明的方法,其特征在于控制单元(D)和激活IC(E)通过传输装置(840,850)彼此连接。 在激活IC(E)中实现存储装置(810)。 并且在激活IC(E)中实现选择装置(800)。