Abstract:
A method for preparing a nitrate ester is provided. The method includes providing a first solution including a compound (which has at least one hydroxyl group) and a carboxylic acid having 2-5 carbon atoms; providing a second solution including nitric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetic acid; and transferring the first solution and the second solution to a microreactor, obtaining a nitrate ester after a residence time. In particular, the ratio of the weight of nitric acid to the total volume of the acetic anhydride and acetic acid is 1:1 to 1:3.5. The ratio of the molar amount of nitric acid to the hydroxyl group equivalent of the compound is from 1:1 to 15:1.
Abstract:
Process for the production of a chemical compound from a carbon dioxide starting material, comprising the steps of a) providing a feed stream consisting mainly of carbon dioxide; b) electrolyzing in an electrolysis stage the carbon dioxide in the feed stream to a first gas stream containing carbon monoxide and a second gas stream containing oxygen, wherein the molar ratio between carbon monoxide and oxygen is about 1:0.5 in an electrolysis stage; c) adjusting the composition of the first gas stream or the second gas stream or both gas streams to include carbon dioxide, either by operating at less than full conversion of CO2 or by sweeping one or both gas streams with a gas containing CO2 or by at some stage between the electrolysis cell and the oxidative carbonylation reactor diluting one or both gas streams with a gas containing CO2; all while maintaining an overall molar ratio of carbon monoxide to oxygen of about 1:0.5; and d) introducing the first and second process stream into a reaction stage and reacting the first and second process stream combined or in succession with a substrate to the chemical compound by means of an oxidative carbonylation reaction with the carbon monoxide and oxygen contained in the process feed stream.
Abstract:
A process for the continuous production of a compound of Formula (II), HO—R1—ONO2 (II) wherein R1 is a straight chain alkyl radical having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, in a two-phase solvent system, comprising contacting a compound of Formula (I), HO—R1—OH (I) wherein R1 is as defined above, with nitric acid in the presence of a first solvent, wherein the compound of Formula (II) is continuously extracted into a second solvent, and the reaction is carried out in a mixing microreactor which provides a power loss of at least 1.3 times the power loss provided under identical conditions by a circular cross-section straight-channel microreactor having an internal diameter equal to the average hydraulic diameter of the mixing microreactor and a length equal to the length of the mixing microreactor.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of liquid nitrate esters, e.g. nitro-glycerine, wherein an alcohol is esterfied by means of nitrating acid and the reaction takes place in one or several microreactors.
Abstract:
A process for obtaining nitroxyalklesters of the 2(S)(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid having an enantiomeric excess higher than or equal to 95%, preferably higher than or equal to 98%, characterized in that an halide of the 2-(S)-(6 methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanoic acid of formula A-Hal, wherein A is the acid acyl residue, is reacted in an inert orgariic solvent with an aliphatic nitroxyalkanol HO—Y—ONO2, wherein Y is a C2-C20 alkylene or a cycloalkylene from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkylene as defined containing a cycloalkylene as defined, in the presence of an inorganic base.
Abstract:
The invention relates to new derivatives of acetylsalicylic acid (called ASA in the following), which contain an NO.sub.3 structure. They are therapeutically active either as the intact active compound molecule or after cleavage (NO release). The invention also relates to processes for their preparation and their use as medicaments, in particular for the alleviation of pain, inhibition of platelet aggregation, lowering of fever and for the prevention of cardiovascular disorders and oncoses.
Abstract:
2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol trinitrate, processes for its preparation, and compounds related thereto are disclosed. The final product is useful as a platicizer of relatively low volatility in double based propellant compositions and as a liquid explosive.
Abstract:
1. A process for the manufacture of a nitric ester by the nitration of an alcohol by a nitrating acid wherein the alcohol and the nitrating acid are reacted together in the presence of an inert highly halogenated hydrocarbon containing fluorine and which is a solvent for and has a boiling point which is between 0.degree. and 50.degree. C and which is below that of the nitric ester product whereby the temperature of the reaction mixture is limited to that of the boiling point of the solvent by evaporation of part of the solvent, separating out the solvent containing dissolved nitric ester from the reaction mixture, and evaporating the solvent to leave the nitric ester.