摘要:
Method and apparatus for memory device testing at a higher clock rate than the clock rate provided by a memory tester. The method includes providing a memory tester capable of generating a first clock signal characterized by a first clock frequency, and applying the first clock signal to the memory device. The method also includes receiving a command for activating a high-clock-frequency test mode. The method generates a second clock signal in the memory device in response to the first clock signal. The second clock signal is characterized by a second clock frequency which is higher than the first clock frequency. The method then tests the memory device at the second clock frequency. In a specific embodiment, the method is applied to a serial flash memory device. The invention can also be applied to testing and operating other memory devices or systems that include synchronized circuits.
摘要:
Systems and methods for handling a transition of a roaming mobile user device (i.e., a roaming client) from one access point (AP) to a target AP, referred to herein as soft inter-AP handoff. This technique involves a second mobile user device that is already connected with the target AP, called a roaming coordinator, assisting in handoff coordination between the APs. This coordination includes assisting the roaming client in establishing a client-to-client connection to relay data traffic during the handoff, while the roaming client establishes a connection with the target AP using traditional techniques. Soft inter-AP handoff allows a faster hand-off between APs than traditional techniques, and may reduce jitter in communications with the roaming device during the transition.
摘要:
Two Cards Combo 21 is a card game in convention with the playing method of Blackjack (twenty-one) that multiple players engage in taking turns to play their own hand against to dealer's hand. A method of playing Two Cards Combo 21 card game comprises a dealer and at least one player. It uses a shoe with six decks or eight decks of standard playing card without jokers, queens and kings (44 cards of each deck). In conjunction with standard rules of Blackjack, there are one mandatory bet which is Ante (Two cards Combo 21) and five side bets, such as, Dealer Bust, Any Pair of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, jack, and ace, Blackjack or Combo 21, Any Even number, and Any Odd number.
摘要:
A method for synthesizing monodipersive polymeric microspheres is disclosed. The method can control the diameter distribution of the microspheres and make it homogeneous. The manufactured polymeric microspheres also have plural functional groups on the surface for depositing metal particles thereon through redox. Moreover, the metal particles can be distributed on the surface of the polymeric microspheres homogeneously.
摘要:
Embodiments of a load cup for transferring a substrate are provided. The load cup includes a pedestal assembly having a substrate support and a de-chucking nozzle. The de-chucking nozzle is positioned to flow a fluid between the polishing head and the back side of a substrate during transfer of the substrate from the polishing head to the substrate support.
摘要:
Jokers 21 is a blend card game with the playing method of Casino War and Blackjack (twenty-one) that multiple players engage in taking turns to play their own hand against to dealer's hand. A method of playing Jokers 21 card game comprises a dealer and at least one player. It uses a shoe with six decks or eight decks of standard playing card with jokers (54 cards of each deck). In conjunction with standard rules of both Casino War and Blackjack card game, the jokers serve as a winning card. Any hand with a joker is automatically won. The Jokers 21 also allows players to wager on four different betting choices, One Card bet, One Card Tie bet, Jokers 21 bet, and Jokers 21 Tie bet.
摘要:
A fluorescent microarray analyzer includes a light source for emitting a light beam, a light processing unit for focusing the light beam on the biochip and exciting fluorescent targets on the biochip to produce fluorescence, a focusing lens for focusing the fluorescence on a spectrophotometer, a spectrophotometer for detecting signal of the fluorescence, and an output device for selectively outputting/displaying the signal detected by the spectrophotometer. The resulting signal of the output device does not need to be converted into image data for analysis. For acquiring a more accurate result of detection of signal of fluorescence from the fluorescent targets, the photomultiplier tube of the conventional biochip scanner device is replaced with the spectrophotometer of fluorescent microarray analyzer of the present invention and the filter is removed. Without converting the signal into an image, no errors arise as what happened in process of converting an electrical signal into image data in the conventional biochip. Also, a real-time analysis of the signal proceeds while scanning samples on the biochip.
摘要:
We have discovered a method for plasma etching a carbon-containing silicon oxide film which provides excellent etch profile control, a rapid etch rate of the carbon-containing silicon oxide film, and high selectivity for etching the carbon-containing silicon oxide film preferentially to an overlying photoresist masking material. When the method of the invention is used, a higher carbon content in the carbon-containing silicon oxide film results in a faster etch rate, at least up to a carbon content of 20 atomic percent. In particular, the carbon-containing silicon oxide film is plasma etched using a plasma generated from a source gas comprising NH3 and CxFy. It is necessary to achieve the proper balance between the relative amounts of NH3 and CxFy in the plasma source gas in order to provide a balance between etch by-product polymer deposition and removal on various surfaces of the substrate being etched. The NH3 gas functions to “clean up” deposited polymer on the photoresist surface, on the etched surface, and on process chamber surfaces. The atomic ratio of carbon:nitrogen in the plasma source gas typically ranges from about 0.3:1 to about 3:1. We have found that C2F6 and C4F8 provide excellent etch rates during etching of carbon-containing silicon oxide films.
摘要翻译:我们已经发现了一种用于等离子体蚀刻含碳氧化硅膜的方法,其提供优异的蚀刻轮廓控制,含碳氧化硅膜的快速蚀刻速率,以及优选将含碳氧化硅膜蚀刻到 覆盖光致抗蚀剂掩模材料。 当使用本发明的方法时,含碳氧化硅膜中较高的碳含量导致更快的蚀刻速率,至少达到20原子百分比的碳含量。 特别地,使用由包含NH 3和C x F y的源气体产生的等离子体对含碳氧化硅膜进行等离子体蚀刻。 为了提供等离子体源气体中NH 3和C x F y的相对量之间的适当平衡,为了提供蚀刻副产物聚合物沉积和被蚀刻的衬底的各种表面上的去除之间的平衡。 NH 3气体用于“清除”沉积的聚合物在光致抗蚀剂表面,蚀刻表面和处理室表面上。 等离子体源气体中的碳:氮的原子比通常为约0.3:1至约3:1。 我们发现C2F6和C4F8在含碳氧化硅膜的蚀刻过程中提供了优异的蚀刻速率。
摘要:
A method of improving plasma processing of a semiconductor wafer by exposing the wafer or the plasma to photons while the wafer is being processed. One embodiment of the method comprises the steps of etching an aluminum layer and, during the etching, exposing the semiconductor wafer containing the aluminum layer to photons that photodesorb copper chloride from the surface of the layer thus improving the etch process performance.