摘要:
A nanometer size roughened structure is formed on a surface of a light-emitting element, and luminous efficiency is improved. The roughened structure on the surface of the light-emitting element of the invention is formed into the following shape such that the refractive index smoothly changes: (1) the mean diameter of projections on the roughened surface is smaller than the light wavelength; (2) a pitch of the roughened surface is irregular; and (3) positions of the top and bottom of the roughened surface are distributed from their mean values within the light wavelength in order to give a smooth gradient of the refractive index. The surface of such light-emitting element is obtained by forming a thin film on the surface of the light-emitting element using a resin composition which contains a block copolymer or graft copolymer and forms a micophase-separated structure in a self-organization manner; selectively removing at least one phase of the microphase-separated structure of the thin film formed on the surface; and etching the surface of the light-emitting element using the remaining phase as an etching mask.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus has a replacement part equipped with a storage device installed therein. The apparatus has a code adding part adding an error detecting code to target data to be written in the storage device, and an encrypting part encrypting the data having the error detecting code added thereto in the code adding part, to generate encrypted data. In addition, the apparatus has a writing part writing the encrypted data to the storage device.
摘要:
A stainproof, waterproof sheet with excellent waterproofing property, rain streaking-preventing property, hot melt bonding property is obtained by forming a water proof resin layer comprising a synthetic resin containing no plasticizer, or a synthetic resin containing a plasticizer and/or a softener, on at least one surface of a base fabric, and then forming thereover a stainproof layer comprising a synthetic resin and fine amorphous silica particles, either with or without an intervening additive migration-preventing layer, and with optional addition of a flame retardant agent to at least one member of the waterproof resin layer, additive migration-preventing layer and stainproof layer.
摘要:
An apparatus for aiding a machinist in preparing a machining program. A machining simulator simulates a basic machining program. Values of machining variables are obtained during the simulation and stored in a simulation result data memory. A spindle load determiner, a cutting speed determiner, and a rotating speed determiner analyze the machining variable values of a certain machining process to determine the machining efficiency of that process. A navigation information memory stores a plurality of messages for giving advice on how to change the cutting conditions. A message, which depends on the analysis of the machining variable values, is selected from the memory and is shown on a display. Accordingly, an operator can easily modify the basic machining program by following the message on the display, even if the operator does not have much knowledge or experience.
摘要:
A current sensor according to the present invention is provided with a U-shaped conductor through which current under measurement flows, a magnetic sensor disposed between two straight portions parallel to each other both of which form the U-shaped conductor, a magnetic material of surrounding shape which surrounds the two straight portions and the magnetic sensor and includes a convex opposed to the magnetic sensor and a supporting member for supporting the conductor, the magnetic sensor and the magnetic material so as to position ends of the conductor and terminals of the magnetic sensor at the same side with respect to the magnetic material.
摘要:
In the NH3 injection rate control method for an NOx removal apparatus, operating area of the apparatus is divided into first area in which molar ratio of NH3 injection rate with respect to NOx flow rate at an inlet of the apparatus is smaller than molar ratio at minimum point where NOx concentration assumes minimum value and second area in which the molar ratio is equal to or larger than the minimum point molar ratio, and virtual NOx concentration with respect to the molar ratio is set according to virtual characteristic line which varies monotonically to stride across desired operating point without rising with increase of the molar ratio from the first area to the second area. Moreover, feedback control is implemented for adjusting the NH3 injection rate with respect to the NOx flow rate in direction that the virtual NOx concentration is brought close to the desired NOx concentration.
摘要:
A control device for a motor that drives a vehicle and controls the motor by controlling an inverter device that converts a direct voltage, supplied from a direct current source, into an alternating voltage to be supplied to the motor, the control device having a refrigerant temperature detector that detects a refrigerant temperature of a heat exchanger for heat exchange with the inverter device, and a torque restrictor that restricts an output torque of the motor when the inverter device is put in a predetermined state, wherein the torque restrictor changes restrictions on the output torque on the basis of the refrigerant temperature detected by the refrigerant temperature detector.
摘要:
An image forming process for forming a protective layer of thermoplastic resin particles on a recording medium comprising the steps of conducting recording on a recording medium with an image-receiving layer, providing a thermoplastic resin particles onto the image-receiving layer and heating and pressurizing the thermoplastic resin particles on the image-receiving layer, and an image forming apparatus comprising an ink-jet head for conducting recording on a recording medium, a providing means for providing thermoplastic particles to a recorded recording medium, and heating and pressurizing means for heating and pressurizing the thermoplastic particles to flatten.
摘要:
A control apparatus includes a shift position detecting device for detecting a shift position that is changed by manual operation of the vehicle driver, an ECU for controlling an A/T based on a signal for a detected vehicle running state, and connectors that connect to an electrical unit outside the casing. Further, the shift position detecting device, the connectors, and the electronic control unit are electrically connected through a connecting board. Consequently, the shift position detecting device, the ECU, and the connectors can be freely laid out.
摘要:
Provided is a multi-beam laser drilling apparatus for drilling a workpiece, simultaneously at two positions while telecentric errors are suppressed, in which a conventional optical system in which galvanometer mirrors are used for a first laser beam, and a galvanometer-mirror system is located close to an fθ lens in order to prevent occurrence of telecentric error. A second laser beam which has been deflected by a second galvanometer-mirror system, transmits through a polarized beam mixers and is incident upon the first galvanometer-mirror system and the fθ lens, and accordingly, the workpiece is drilled simultaneously at two positions with the use of both first and second laser beams.