公开(公告)号：US5063881A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-12

申请号：US542506

申请日：1990-06-25

申请人： Hideo Kawamura

发明人： Hideo Kawamura

IPC分类号： F02B75/40 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B25/04 ,  F02B29/02 ,  F02B29/04 ,  F02B31/02 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/16 ,  F02F1/00 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F16J1/14

CPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B25/04 ,  F02B75/16 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F05C2201/021

摘要： In this ceramic engine, the cylinder liners are formed out of a ceramic material, and bearings consisting of a ceramic material are installed in the rotary sliding portions of a crankshaft and larger- and smaller-diameter parts of connecting rods, suction ports being formed in the cylinder liner lower portions so as to be spaced in the circumferential direction thereof, these suction ports and crank chambers communicating via first suction passages, fuel alcohol supply means being provided in second suction passages through which suction air is introduced into the crank chambers. Accordingly, lubricating films of ungasified components of the fuel alcohol are formed on the sliding surfaces of the pistons and cylinder liners and those of the above-mentioned rotary sliding portions, and these sliding surfaces and rotary sliding portions are kept in an excellently lubricated condition owing to such lubricating films. Moreover, the alcohol collected in the crank chambers and the alcohol constituting the lubricating films on the above mentioned sliding surfaces and rotary sliding portions are burnt in order, and suction air is supplied through a low-temperature portion of the engine. Therefore, the suction efficiency does not decrease, and the effciency of the engine can be improved.

摘要翻译： 在该陶瓷发动机中，气缸衬套由陶瓷材料形成，并且由陶瓷材料组成的轴承安装在曲轴的旋转滑动部分中，连接杆的大直径和小直径部分形成有吸入口 气缸套下部沿其圆周方向间隔开，这些吸入口和曲柄室经由第一吸入通道连通，燃料醇供给装置设置在第二吸入通道中，吸入空气通过该吸入通道引入曲柄室。 因此，在活塞和气缸套的滑动表面和上述旋转滑动部分的滑动表面上形成有燃料醇的未气化组分的润滑膜，并且这些滑动表面和旋转滑动部分保持在非常好的润滑状态 到这种润滑膜。 此外，将曲轴室中收集的醇和构成上述滑动面和旋转滑动部分的润滑膜的醇依次燃烧，并通过发动机的低温部分供给吸入空气。 因此，吸入效率不降低，能够提高发动机的效率。

公开(公告)号：US4884530A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-05

申请号：US125953

申请日：1987-11-27

申请人： Kenneth L. Boekhaus ,  Fred L. Voelz

发明人： Kenneth L. Boekhaus ,  Fred L. Voelz

IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/04

CPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B75/04 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： A method for combusting fuels selected from the group comprising hydrocarbons, alcohols, hydrogen, disassociated methanol and mixtures thereof in an internal combustion engine at an optimum effective compression ratio for each fuel by changing the effective compression ratio in the engine to an optimum value suitable for each fuel by injecting gas at a pressure selected to produce the desired effective compression ratio so that a variety of fuels requiring different compression ratios can be combusted at an optimum compression pressure for each of the fuels.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过将发动机中的有效压缩比改变为适合于每个燃料的最佳有效压缩比来燃烧选自包括烃，醇，氢，拆离甲醇及其混合物在内燃机中的燃料的燃料的最佳有效压缩比的方法 每个燃料通过以选择的压力喷射气体以产生期望的有效压缩比，使得需要不同压缩比的各种燃料可以在每种燃料的最佳压缩压力下燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4876989A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-31

申请号：US192243

申请日：1988-05-10

申请人： Michael E. Karpuk ,  Scott W. Cowley

发明人： Michael E. Karpuk ,  Scott W. Cowley

IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02M1/16 ,  F02M27/02

CPC分类号： F02M27/02 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02D19/0647 ,  F02D19/0655 ,  F02D19/0671 ,  F02M1/165 ,  F02B1/04 ,  Y02T10/36

摘要： Apparatus and method are described for enhancing performance of an alcohol fueled engine during cold conditions, with such enhancement being particularly effected by generation of ether to assist cold operation including starting and/or to achieve reduced emissions during cold running. Dimethyl ether is generated by catalytic dehydration of vaporized methanol using a catalyst, preferably fluorinated alumina. Apparatus is disclosed for generating dimethyl ether on board as needed for immediate mixing with combustion air and methanol and/or for storage to enable later mixing of the dimethyl ether with combustion air and methanol to effect subsequent cold starts and/or cold running operations.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于在寒冷条件下提高酒精燃料发动机的性能的装置和方法，其特别是通过产生醚以辅助冷运行（包括起动和/或在冷运行期间实现减少的排放）而实现。 二甲醚是通过使用催化剂，优选氟化氧化铝的蒸发甲醇的催化脱水生成的。 公开了用于根据需要立即与燃烧空气和甲醇混合并/或用于储存以使二甲基醚与燃烧空气和甲醇稍后混合以实现随后的冷启动和/或冷运行操作的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4824244A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US054390

申请日：1987-05-26

申请人： Shigeru Miyata ,  Yoshihiro Matsubara

发明人： Shigeru Miyata ,  Yoshihiro Matsubara

IPC分类号： G01N21/43 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B77/08 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N33/28 ,  F02D1/00 ,  F02B3/00 ,  G01N21/41

CPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B77/08 ,  F02D41/1451 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N33/2852 ,  F02F2007/0092 ,  G01J2001/1647 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01N2201/0621

摘要： A sensor for mixing ratio of liquid fuel comprising: a cylindrical enclosure having both inlet and outlet opening to act as a passage through which a mixing liquid fuel flows; a transparent column concentrically disposed into the enclosure to make outer surface contact with the liquid fuel; light emitting diode and photo diode each provided so as to sandwich the column in the lengthwise direction, so that the light emitted from the former enters the column through its one end and reflects at the boundary of the column and the liquid fuel, and go out of the other end thereof to fall on the latter; a temperature compensation photo diode disposed in the enclosure with the light of the light emitting diode partly as a light source to rectify the characteristics influenced under the ambient temperature variation; a voltage control circuit provided to control the voltage across the light emitting diode so as to maintain uniform output from the temperature compensation photo diode.

摘要翻译： 一种用于液体燃料混合比的传感器，包括：具有入口和出口两者的圆柱形外壳，其作为混合液体燃料流过的通道; 同心地设置在外壳中以使外表面与液体燃料接触的透明柱; 发光二极管和光电二极管各自设置成沿长度方向夹住柱，使得从前者发射的光通过其一端进入柱体并在柱和液体燃料的边界处反射出去 的另一端落在后者上; 设置在外壳中的温度补偿光电二极管部分地作为光源发光，以校正在环境温度变化下影响的特性; 电压控制电路，用于控制发光二极管两端的电压，以保持来自温度补偿光电二极管的均匀输出。

公开(公告)号：US4762093A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-09

申请号：US37011

申请日：1987-04-10

申请人： Robert W. McCabe ,  David F. McCready ,  Philip V. Mohan ,  Robert A. Potter

发明人： Robert W. McCabe ,  David F. McCready ,  Philip V. Mohan ,  Robert A. Potter

IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B43/08 ,  F02B51/02

CPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B43/08 ,  F02B51/02 ,  Y02T10/126 ,  Y02T10/32

摘要： A practice is disclosed for the start-up of a methanol-fueled engine at low ambient temperatures. Liquid methanol fuel is atomized using ultrasonic energy, mixed with air and introduced over a methanol oxidation-dissociation catalyst. Methanol oxidation is used to heat the catalyst to an elevated temperature at which methanol dissociation provides a noncondensable fuel comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen for the start-up of the engine at low ambient temperature.

摘要翻译： 公开了在低环境温度下启动甲醇燃料发动机的做法。 液体甲醇燃料使用超声能量雾化，与空气混合并通过甲醇氧化 - 解离催化剂引入。 使用甲醇氧化将催化剂加热到升高的温度，在此温度下，甲醇解离提供包含一氧化碳和氢气的不可冷凝燃料，用于在低环境温度下启动发动机。

公开(公告)号：US4733643A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-29

申请号：US935450

申请日：1986-11-26

申请人： Shiro Ishida

发明人： Shiro Ishida

IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B23/10 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02B19/10

CPC分类号： F02B23/101 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B2023/103 ,  F02B2023/108 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125

摘要： The invention provides a combustion chamber arrangement for an internal combustion engine which can attain stabilized firing performance and stabilized combustion performance during any load running of the engine. The combustion chamber arrangement includes a piston having a combustion chamber formed by recessing a top portion thereof along an axial direction, and a recessed portion formed by recessing a portion of a peripheral wall of the combustion chamber along the direction of the depth of the piston in a radially outward direction, whereby partially a rich mixture is produced within the recessed portion in order to improve the firing performance while mixture of a suitable concentration is dispersed and distributed within the combustion chamber so that the flame produced within the recessed portion may be propagated to the mixture within the combustion chamber.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于内燃机的燃烧室装置，其可以在发动机的任何负载运行期间获得稳定的燃烧性能和稳定的燃烧性能。 燃烧室装置包括具有通过使其沿轴向方向的顶部凹陷而形成的燃烧室的活塞和通过沿着活塞的深度方向使燃烧室的周壁的一部分凹陷而形成的凹部 径向向外的方向，由此部分地在凹部内产生富混合物，以便在合适浓度的混合物分散并分布在燃烧室内时提高焙烧性能，使得在凹部内产生的火焰可以传播到 燃烧室内的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US4641609A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-10

申请号：US818361

申请日：1986-01-13

申请人： Yoshimichi Tanaka

发明人： Yoshimichi Tanaka

IPC分类号： F01L1/053 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02F1/38 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02F7/00

CPC分类号： F02F1/38 ,  F01L1/0532 ,  F02F1/242 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2275/18 ,  F02F2001/245 ,  F02F7/006

摘要： A cylinder head for a multicylinder DOHC internal combustion engine comprises an upper deck for supporting a pair of spaced camshafts for driving intake and exhaust valves and having spark plug wells equal in number to the cylinders in the engine. The upper deck is integrally formed with a row or tubular columns for surrounding the respective spark plugs. Each neighboring columns are connected together by means of a connecting rib extending longitudinally of the engine for impart a rigidity to the cylinder head effective to resist against the tendency of a cylinder head to warp in a direction longitudinally of the engine.

摘要翻译： 用于多缸DOHC内燃机的气缸盖包括用于支撑一对间隔开的凸轮轴的上甲板，用于驱动进气门和排气门，并具有与发动机中的气缸数相等的火花塞孔。 上甲板与一排或多个管柱一体地形成，用于围绕各个火花塞。 每个相邻的列通过沿发动机纵向延伸的连接肋连接在一起，以赋予气缸盖刚性，以有效地抵抗气缸盖在发动机纵向方向上翘曲的倾向。

公开(公告)号：US4635608A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-13

申请号：US297215

申请日：1981-08-28

申请人： Bruce I. Carroll

发明人： Bruce I. Carroll

IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02M31/18 ,  F02M31/02

CPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02M31/18 ,  Y02T10/126 ,  Y02T10/16

摘要： Alcohol fuel conversion apparatus for internal combustion engines including a fuel tank, a fuel pump, a primary heat exchanger, a heat source, a converter and a carburetor. The pump delivers pressurized liquid alcohol to the primary heat exchanger where the alcohol fuel is heated above the vaporization point at ambient pressure. The heated fuel is next delivered to the converter where the super-heated liquid alcohol is vaporized at reduced pressure. The alcohol is then delivered to the carburetor where the vaporized alcohol is metered and mixed with air for proper combustion. The air-fuel mixture, in gaseous form is then delivered to the intake system of a conventional internal combustion engine. A fuel pre-heater assembly utilizing waste heat from the engine may also be provided.

摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的醇燃料转化装置，包括燃料箱，燃料泵，主热交换器，热源，转炉和化油器。 泵将加压的液体醇输送到主要热交换器，其中醇燃料在环境压力下被加热到汽化点以上。 加热的燃料随后被输送到转炉中，其中过热液态醇在减压下蒸发。 然后将醇递送到化油器，在其中汽化的酒精被计量并与空气混合以进行适当的燃烧。 然后将气体形式的空气 - 燃料混合物输送到常规内燃机的进气系统。 还可以提供利用来自发动机的废热的燃料预热器组件。

公开(公告)号：US4567857A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-04

申请号：US408266

申请日：1982-08-16

申请人： John Houseman ,  Gerald E. Voecks

发明人： John Houseman ,  Gerald E. Voecks

IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B43/08 ,  F02B51/02 ,  F02B19/00

CPC分类号： F02B51/02 ,  F02B43/08 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y02T10/126 ,  Y02T10/32 ,  Y10S123/12

摘要： A flow through catalytic reactor (10) which selectively catalytically decomposes methanol into a soot-free hydrogen-rich product gas utilizing engine exhaust at temperatures of 200.degree. to 650.degree. C. to provide the heat for vaporizing and decomposing the methanol. The reactor (10) is combined with either a spark ignited (28) or compression ignited (54) internal combustion engine or a gas turbine (202) to provide a combustion engine system. The system may be fueled entirely by the hydrogen-rich gas produced in the methanol decomposition reactor or the system may be operated on mixed fuels for transient power gain and for cold start of the engine system. The reactor (10) includes a decomposition zone formed by a plurality of elongated cylinders (12) which contain a body (114) of vapor-permeable, methanol decomposition catalyst preferably a shift catalyst such as copper-zinc. A vaporizer (14) is provided for vaporizing liquid methanol prior to introduction into the elongated cylinders (12). Exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine is passed in contact with the elongated cylinders (12) to supply the heat needed for methanol decomposition. The partially cooled exhaust gases are then passed to the vaporizer (14) where residual heat in the exhaust is utilized in vaporization of liquid methanol.

摘要翻译： 通过催化反应器（10）的流动，其在200至650℃的温度下利用发动机排气选择性地将甲醇催化分解成不含烟灰的富氢产物气体，以提供用于蒸发和分解甲醇的热量。 反应器（10）与火花点火（28）或压缩点火（54）内燃机或燃气轮机（202）组合以提供内燃发动机系统。 该系统可以完全由在甲醇分解反应器中产生的富氢气体燃料，或者系统可以在用于瞬态功率增益和用于发动机系统的冷起动的混合燃料上操作。 反应器（10）包括由多个细长圆柱体（12）形成的分解区，所述细长圆柱体（12）包含蒸气可渗透的甲醇分解催化剂的主体（114），优选为诸如铜 - 锌的换档催化剂。 提供蒸发器（14），用于在引入细长圆柱体（12）之前使液体甲醇蒸发。 来自内燃机的废气通过与细长圆筒（12）接触以提供甲醇分解所需的热量。 然后将部分冷却的废气通入蒸发器（14），在蒸发器（14）中利用废气中的残余热量来蒸发液体甲醇。

公开(公告)号：US4543929A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-01

申请号：US534449

申请日：1983-09-21

申请人： Masao Kataoka ,  Yujiro Oshima ,  Takashi Noda ,  Shigeo Suzuki

发明人： Masao Kataoka ,  Yujiro Oshima ,  Takashi Noda ,  Shigeo Suzuki

IPC分类号： F02B23/00 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B23/10 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02F1/38 ,  F02F3/26 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F02M61/06 ,  F02M61/16 ,  F02M69/04 ,  F02B19/08 ,  F02B23/02

CPC分类号： F02F3/28 ,  F02B23/0639 ,  F02B23/0672 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B23/104 ,  F02F1/38 ,  F02F3/26 ,  F02M61/06 ,  F02M61/163 ,  F02M69/045 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2023/108 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B2275/40 ,  F02B23/0624 ,  F02B23/063 ,  F02F2001/245 ,  F02F2001/247 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125

摘要： Disclosed are a turbulence generating method for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine for carrying out that method. Main and auxiliary recesses communicating with each other are formed by at least two projections in the combustion chamber of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which is defined by a piston, a cylinder head and a cylinder block. A swirling mechanism for swirling the intake air is disposed in an intake mechanism for supplying the intake air into the combustion chamber. A swirl of intake air is generated in the main recess by the swirling mechanism and is accelerated and introduced into the main recess as the piston rises. A turbulent layer is formed while the swirl is converted occasionally into turbulences by the projections. Secondary swirls other than the main swirl are generated in the auxiliary recesses. Turbulences are further generated between the swirl and the secondary swirls thereby to improve combustion efficiency.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于执行该方法的内燃机和内燃机的湍流产生方法。 通过活塞，气缸盖和气缸体限定的往复式内燃机的燃烧室中的至少两个凸起形成有彼此连通的主和辅助凹部。 用于旋转吸入空气的旋转机构设置在用于将进气供给到燃烧室中的进气机构中。 通过旋转机构在主凹部中产生进气的涡流，并随着活塞的上升而加速并引入主凹部。 形成湍流层，同时通过突起将涡流偶尔转换成湍流。 在辅助凹部中产生除主涡流以外的二次涡流。 在涡流和次级涡流之间进一步产生湍流，从而提高燃烧效率。