Method for accelerating recovery of selenium from aqueous streams
    92.
    发明授权
    Method for accelerating recovery of selenium from aqueous streams 失效
    从水流中加速硒的回收方法

    公开(公告)号:US4910010A

    公开(公告)日:1990-03-20

    申请号:US264031

    申请日:1988-10-27

    摘要: The invention provides a method for accelerating the removal and recovery of selenium from aqueous solutions, such as agricultural irrigation drainage streams or mine waste waters by the bioreduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV) species by using Clostridium soil bacteria together with a rapid exchange reaction which occurs between the aqueous selenium species selenous acid (H.sub.2 SeO.sub.3) and pyrite (FeS.sub.2) to remove all forms of selenium from the aqueous solution. The exchange reaction product FeS.Se may be treated with dilute mineral acid such as sulfurous acid to generate hydrogen selenide (H.sub.2 Se), which is burned in air to yield free selenium. The free selenium recovered is available for use in the electronics, photocopying equipment and other industries. A reusable bacteria-containing soil and pyrite filter apparatus for installation in drainage canals and other conduits is additionally provided to facilitate the removal of aqueous selenium pollutants.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了一种通过使用梭菌属土壤细菌将Se(VI)生物还原成Se(IV)物质,从而促进从水溶液如农业灌溉排水流或矿废水中去除和回收硒的方法, 在硒酸水溶液(H2SeO3)和黄铁矿(FeS2)之间发生的交换反应从水溶液中除去所有形式的硒。 交换反应产物FeS.Se可以用稀无机酸如亚硫酸处理以产生硒化氢(H2Se),其在空气中燃烧以产生游离硒。 回收的免费硒可用于电子,影印设备和其他行业。 另外提供了一种用于安装在排水管道和其他管道中的可重复使用的含细菌土壤和黄铁矿过滤装置,以便于去除硒水溶液。

    Method for the preparation of high surface area amorphous transition
metal chalcogenides
    94.
    发明授权
    Method for the preparation of high surface area amorphous transition metal chalcogenides 失效
    高表面积无定形过渡金属硫族化合物的制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US4801441A

    公开(公告)日:1989-01-31

    申请号:US878069

    申请日:1986-06-24

    申请人: Donald Schleich

    发明人: Donald Schleich

    摘要: A process for the direct synthesis of high surface area amorphous chalcogenides of transition metals of Group IV, V, VI and VII elements, comprising the steps of:(1) forming a mixture of:(a) a halide of a said transition metal having the formula MY.sub.n where Y is chlorine, bromine, flurorine, or iodine, and n is 3, 4, 5 or 6, and(b) a source of chalcogen selected from compounds having the formula (R).sub.3 Si--X--Si(R).sub.3 wherein R is alkyl having from 1-4 carbon atoms and X is sulfur, selenium or tellurium,(2) reacting said mixture at a temperature of -77.degree. C. to +160.degree. C.;(3) separating the transition metal chalcogenide from the reaction mixture; and(4) washing said chalcogenide with an inert solvent to remove unreacted materials and the byproducts of the reaction.The high surface area amorphous chalcogenides prepared according to the covalent exchange process of the invention are advantageously used in primary or secondary batteries, particularly lithium cells. They are of amorphous chemical structure as shown by X-ray, Raman and infrared analysis. Their small crystal size, high surface area, and freedom from oxygen and water contamination, make them high activity, rechargeable cathodes in lithium cells.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于直接合成IV,V,VI和VII族元素的过渡金属的高表面积无定形硫族化物的方法,包括以下步骤:(1)形成以下混合物:(a)所述过渡金属的卤化物,其具有 其中Y是氯,溴,氟里昂或碘的式MYn,n是3,4,5或6,和(b)选自具有式(R)3 Si-X-Si(R )3其中R是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基,X是硫,硒或碲,(2)使所述混合物在-77℃至+ 160℃的温度下反应; (3)从反应混合物中分离过渡金属硫族化物; 和(4)用惰性溶剂洗涤所述硫族化物以除去未反应的物质和反应的副产物。 根据本发明的共价交换方法制备的高表面积无定形硫族化物有利地用于一次或二次电池,特别是锂电池中。 它们是非晶化学结构,如X射线,拉曼和红外分析所示。 它们的小晶体尺寸,高表面积,免受氧和水污染,使其具有高活性,锂电池中的可充电阴极。

    Process for producing substances optically transparent to infrared rays
    96.
    发明授权
    Process for producing substances optically transparent to infrared rays 失效
    用于制造对红外线光学透明的物质的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4557914A

    公开(公告)日:1985-12-10

    申请号:US626053

    申请日:1984-06-29

    申请人: Eros Modone

    发明人: Eros Modone

    摘要: In order to obtain substances that are optically transparent in the infrared range, usable in the manufacture of optical fibers or radiation emitters, a metal or metalloid chalcogenide other than an oxide is produced by a double-substitution reaction between a starting chalcogen compound--particularly a hydride such as H.sub.2 S, H.sub.2 Se or H.sub.2 Te--and a salt of the desired metal or metalloid, e.g. a chloride. The starting compound and the reactant salt preferably are vaporized at a temperature below the melting point of the resulting metal chalcogenide which thereupon precipitates in the reaction chamber.

    摘要翻译: 为了获得可用于制造光纤或辐射发射体的在红外范围内光学透明的物质,除了氧化物之外的金属或准金属硫属元素化物是通过起始硫属化合物之间的双取代反应产生的,特别是 氢化物如H 2 S,H 2 Se或H 2 Te,以及所需金属或准金属的盐,例如 氯化物。 起始化合物和反应物盐优选在低于所得金属硫族化物的熔点的温度下蒸发,随后在反应室中沉淀。

    Process for removing dissolved selenium values from an acidic aqueous
copper sulphate solution
    97.
    发明授权
    Process for removing dissolved selenium values from an acidic aqueous copper sulphate solution 失效
    从酸性硫酸铜水溶液中除去溶解的硒值的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4377556A

    公开(公告)日:1983-03-22

    申请号:US366806

    申请日:1982-04-09

    申请人: Zoenek Hofirek

    发明人: Zoenek Hofirek

    IPC分类号: C01B19/00 C01G3/10 C01B19/04

    CPC分类号: C01G3/10 C01B19/007

    摘要: Dissolved selenium values are removed from an acidic aqueous copper sulphate solution by treating the solution at a temperature of at least about 140.degree. C. with a stoichiometric excess relative to the dissolved selenium of sulphur dioxide or a sulphite solution to produce a selenium-containing precipitate and dissolved cuprous copper. The temperature of the treated solution is maintained at at least about 140.degree. C. and an oxygen containing gas is passed into the treated solution under a pressure of at least about 350 kPa to oxidize dissolved cuprous copper to dissolved cupric copper.

    摘要翻译: 通过在至少约140℃的温度下以相对于溶解的二氧化硫硒或亚硫酸盐溶液的化学计量过量处理该溶液来从酸性硫酸铜水溶液中除去溶解的硒值,以产生含硒沉淀物 并溶解铜铜。 将处理过的溶液的温度保持在至少约140℃,并将含氧气体在至少约350kPa的压力下进入处理过的溶液中,以将溶解的铜铜氧化成溶解的铜铜。

    Low temperature catalytic reduction
    98.
    发明授权
    Low temperature catalytic reduction 失效
    低温催化还原

    公开(公告)号:US4295986A

    公开(公告)日:1981-10-20

    申请号:US038898

    申请日:1979-05-14

    申请人: Roy G. Gordon

    发明人: Roy G. Gordon

    摘要: This invention relates to a method of utilizing alkali metal hydrides, such as sodium hydride and lithium hydride, under mild and safe conditions. The method may be used to produce bonds between hydrogen and elements such as carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony and tellurium. Many organic compounds, such as chlorides, bromides, ketones, aldehydes and acid chlorides, may also be reduced. The elements from the above list are bonded, before the reduction, to electronegative elements such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, oxygen, sulfur, selenium and nitrogen.According to the invention, the alkali metal hydride is catalytically activated by a solution of an alkali borohydride in a suitable ether solvent, so that it rapidly replaces the halogens or other electronegative groups by hydrogen atoms.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及在温和和安全条件下使用氢化钠和氢化锂的碱金属氢化物的方法。 该方法可用于在氢和诸如碳,硅,锗,锡,磷,砷,锑和碲的元素之间产生键。 还可以减少许多有机化合物,例如氯化物,溴化物,酮,醛和酰氯。 来自上述列表的元素在还原之前被结合到诸如氟,氯,溴,碘,氧,硫,硒和氮的电负性元素。 根据本发明,碱金属氢化物通过碱金属硼氢化物在合适的醚溶剂中的溶液进行催化活化,使得其通过氢原子快速替代卤素或其它电负性基团。

    Dichromate leach of copper anode slimes
    100.
    发明授权
    Dichromate leach of copper anode slimes 失效
    重铬酸盐浸出铜阳极泥

    公开(公告)号:US4076605A

    公开(公告)日:1978-02-28

    申请号:US717910

    申请日:1976-08-26

    申请人: Edward A. Bilson

    发明人: Edward A. Bilson

    摘要: This invention relates to a process for the recovery of metal values from copper refinery anode slimes composed largely of copper, selenium, insolubles, and precious metals, including silver, comprising leaching the slimes with a solution containing from 20 to 200 g/l H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and from 2 to 25 g/l hexavalent chromium at a temperature not exceeding about 80.degree. C., whereby copper dissolution is maximized and selenium and silver dissolution are minimized, separating the leach solution from the undissolved slimes residue, precipitating selenium from the separated leach solution by treatment with metallic copper, and electrowinning copper from the resulting purified solution.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及从铜,硒,不溶物和贵金属(包括银)组成的铜精炼阳极泥中回收金属值的方法,包括用含有20-200g / l H 2 SO 4的溶液浸出泥浆,以及 在不超过约80℃的温度下从2至25g / l六价铬,由此铜溶解最大化并且硒和银溶解最小化,将浸出溶液与未溶解的泥浆残留物分离,从分离的浸出溶液中沉淀硒 通过用金属铜处理,并从得到的纯化溶液中电解提取铜。