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    Co-production of an aromatic monoamine and an aromatic diamine directly from benzene or a benzene derivative through controlled nitration
    92.
    发明授权
    Co-production of an aromatic monoamine and an aromatic diamine directly from benzene or a benzene derivative through controlled nitration 失效
    通过控制硝化直接从苯或苯衍生物共同生产芳族单胺和芳族二胺

    公开(公告)号：US4740621A

    公开(公告)日：1988-04-26

    申请号：US793788

    申请日：1985-11-01

    申请人： Earl G. Adams ,  Robert B. Barker ,  Mark J. Lossett ,  Larry I. Flowers

    发明人： Earl G. Adams ,  Robert B. Barker ,  Mark J. Lossett ,  Larry I. Flowers

    IPC分类号： C07C67/00 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C209/00 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C211/46 ,  C07C211/51 ,  C07C85/11

    CPC分类号： C07C209/36 ,  C07C201/08

    摘要： A two-stage process for the co-production of aniline and m-phenylenediamine where, in the first stage, benzene, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid are reacted in a liquid phase to produce in greater amounts nitrobenzene (approximately 70%) and m-dinitrobenzene (approximately 30%), and in lesser or trace amounts o-dinitrobenzene and p-dinitrobenzene, and water; and in the second stage the products of the first stage are reacted with hydrogen in the gas phase to produce aniline (approximately 70%) and m-phenylenediamine (approximately 30%) in greater amounts, and o-phenylenediamine and p-phenylenediamine in lesser amounts, and water. The reaction products are separated by distillation. The first stage of a preferred embodiment of the process is characterized in that a concentrated mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid are fed along with mononitrobenzene to a first reactor for producing dinitrobenzene, and then the dilute acid mixture recovered from this first reactor is fed along with benzene to a second reactor for producing the mononitrobenzene used as a reactant in the first reactor. The second stage, which provides the aniline and m-phenylenediamine in major amounts, is characterized in that the hydrogenation is carried out in the gas phase with product aniline serving as a diluent. The process is applicable to the co-production of other aromatic mono- and diamines.

    摘要翻译： 用于苯胺和间苯二胺共同生产的两阶段方法，其中在第一阶段中，苯，硝酸和硫酸在液相中反应以产生更大量的硝基苯（约70％）和m - 二硝基苯（约30％）和较少或微量的邻二硝基苯和对二硝基苯和水; 并且在第二阶段中，第一阶段的产物在气相中与氢气反应，以产生更大量的苯胺（约70％）和间苯二胺（约30％），较小的邻苯二胺和对苯二胺 数量和水。 反应产物通过蒸馏分离。 该方法的优选实施方案的第一阶段的特征在于将硝酸和硫酸的浓缩混合物与一硝基苯一起加入到用于生产二硝基苯的第一反应器中，然后将从该第一反应器回收的稀酸混合物进料 用苯制备第二反应器，用于生产在第一反应器中用作反应物的单硝基苯。 提供主要量的苯胺和间苯二胺的第二阶段的特征在于氢化在产物苯胺作为稀释剂的气相中进行。 该方法适用于其它芳族单胺和二胺的共生产。

    Process for working-up aqueous amine solutions
    93.
    发明授权
    Process for working-up aqueous amine solutions 失效
    处理胺水溶液的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4720326A

    公开(公告)日：1988-01-19

    申请号：US14759

    申请日：1987-02-13

    申请人： Heiko Beckhaus ,  Harro Witt ,  Dieter Becher ,  Hermann Dallmeyer ,  Uwe J. Zarnack

    发明人： Heiko Beckhaus ,  Harro Witt ,  Dieter Becher ,  Hermann Dallmeyer ,  Uwe J. Zarnack

    IPC分类号： C07C209/84 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C209/00 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C211/50 ,  C07C211/51 ,  B01D3/00

    CPC分类号： C07C209/36 ,  Y10S203/08 ,  Y10S203/20

    摘要： An amine is separated from an aqueous solution of amine and volatile organic compounds by distillation in a column. The vapors generated during distillation are condensed. The condensed vapors are then passed into a separating device in which the volatile organic compounds are removed. The liquid remaining in the separating device is then fed to the head of the distillation column. Water is removed from the column in a sidestream and diamine is the residue. This process is particularly effective in recovering aromatic diamines from solutions which accumulate during hydrogenation of dinitro aromatic compounds.

    摘要翻译： 通过在塔中蒸馏将胺与胺和挥发性有机化合物的水溶液分离。 蒸馏过程中产生的蒸气浓缩。 然后将冷凝的蒸气送入除去挥发性有机化合物的分离装置中。 然后将残留在分离装置中的液体进料到蒸馏塔的头部。 在侧流中从塔中除去水，二胺是残渣。 该方法在二硝基芳族化合物的氢化期间积聚的溶液中回收芳族二胺特别有效。

    Process for the preparation of toluene diamines
    94.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of toluene diamines 失效
    制备甲苯二胺的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4717774A

    公开(公告)日：1988-01-05

    申请号：US811480

    申请日：1985-12-20

    申请人： Thirumurti Narayan ,  Peter T. Kan

    发明人： Thirumurti Narayan ,  Peter T. Kan

    IPC分类号： C07C209/36 ,  C07C51/16

    CPC分类号： C07C209/36

    摘要： The invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of toluene diamine from dinitrotoluene involving hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene with hydrogen gas at elevated temperatures and super atmospheric pressure in the presence of a supported nickel catalyst and carbon monoxide ranging from 0.001 to 0.1 volume percent. The rate of hydrogenation, product quality and yield are improved when hydrogen spiked with small amounts of carbon monoxide was used.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种从二硝基甲苯制备甲苯二胺的改进方法，包括在负载型镍催化剂和一氧化碳存在下，在高温和超常压下，用氢气氢化二硝基甲苯为0.001至0.1体积％。 当使用少量一氧化碳的氢气时，氢化速率，产品质量和产率都得到改善。

    Process for the preparation of aromatic polyisocyanates containing urea and/or biuret groups
    95.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of aromatic polyisocyanates containing urea and/or biuret groups 失效
    制备含尿素和/或缩二脲基团的芳族聚异氰酸酯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4618706A

    公开(公告)日：1986-10-21

    申请号：US364945

    申请日：1982-04-02

    申请人： Hans-Joachim Scholl ,  Hans Hettel

    发明人： Hans-Joachim Scholl ,  Hans Hettel

    IPC分类号： C08G18/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C239/00 ,  C07C273/18 ,  C07C275/00 ,  C07C275/28 ,  C07C275/62 ,  C08G18/78 ,  C08G18/80 ,  C07C127/24

    CPC分类号： C07C209/36 ,  C07C273/1827 ,  C08G18/7818 ,  C08G18/8038

    摘要： This invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic polyisocyanates containing urea and/or biuret groups, optionally in the form of a mixture of homologues and/or isomers, by the reaction of aromatic diisocyanates with diamines having primary or secondary amino groups at about 20.degree. to 180.degree. C., and at an equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to amino groups in the range of 5:1 to 100:1, at least 25 mol percent of the diisocyanates put into the process and/or at least 25 mol percent of the diamines put into the process being alkyl-phenylene diisocyanates or, respectively, alkyl-phenylene diamines, in which the alkyl substituents have 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and the use of the products of the process, optionally as solutions in excess starting diisocyanate, as isocyanate components in the production of polyurethanes.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过芳族二异氰酸酯与具有伯或仲氨基基团的二胺的反应制备含有脲和/或缩二脲基团的芳族多异氰酸酯的方法，任选地为同系物和/或异构体的混合物的形式 20至180℃，异氰酸酯基与氨基的当量比为5:1至100:1，至少25mol％的二异氰酸酯投入该过程和/或至少25mol 进入该过程的二胺的百分比是烷基 - 亚苯基二异氰酸酯或分别为烷基取代基具有6至18个碳原子的烷基 - 亚苯基二胺，以及该方法的产物，任选地作为过量起始溶液 二异氰酸酯，作为聚氨酯生产中的异氰酸酯成分。

    Polyisocyanates of the diphenyl methane series
    96.
    发明授权
    Polyisocyanates of the diphenyl methane series 失效
    二苯甲烷系列的多异氰酸酯

    公开(公告)号：US4613687A

    公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

    申请号：US293748

    申请日：1981-08-17

    申请人： Hartmut Knofel ,  Michael Brockelt

    发明人： Hartmut Knofel ,  Michael Brockelt

    IPC分类号： C08G18/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C209/00 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C211/51 ,  C07C241/00 ,  C07C263/10 ,  C07C265/12 ,  C07C265/14 ,  C08G18/76 ,  C07C119/048

    CPC分类号： C07C265/12 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C08G18/7664

    摘要： A polyisocyanate or mixture of polyisocyanates in which the main component(s) correspond to the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 each represent hydrogen or a saturated alkyl group containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, provided that at least two of these radicals represent hydrogen; andm, n, o and p each represent 0 or 1, provided that when m, n, o and/or p represent 0, the free valency is taken up by a hydrogen atom and that the sum of m+n+o+p is greater than 1 on a statistical average.Such polyisocyanate or mixture of polyisocyanates may be produced by first reacting a 4-nitrobenzyl halide, a 3-nitrobenzyl halide, a benzyl halide, a benzyl alcohol or a nitrobenzyl chloride isomer mixture with nitrobenzene, an alkyl-substituted nitrobenzene, an alkyl benzene or benzene in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts or an acid catalyst. This reaction product is then nitrated, the nitro groups are converted to amino groups by reduction or hydrogenation and the amino compound(s) subsequently phosgenated to form the polyisocyanate(s). The purity of the product polyisocyanate may be improved by distilling off secondary products before and/or after the phosgenation.

    摘要翻译： 多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯的混合物，其中主要成分对应于下式：其中R 1，R 2和R 3各自表示氢或含有1至12个碳原子的饱和烷基，条件是至少 这些基团中的两个表示氢; 并且m，n，o和p各自表示0或1，条件是当m，n，o和/或p表示0时，游离的价态被氢原子吸收，并且m + n + o + 统计平均数p大于1。 这种多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯的混合物可以通过首先使4-硝基苄基卤，3-硝基苄基卤，苄基卤，苯甲醇或硝基苄基氯异构体混合物与硝基苯，烷基取代的硝基苯，烷基苯或 苯在Friedel-Crafts或酸催化剂存在下。 然后将该反应产物硝化，通过还原或氢化将硝基转化为氨基，随后将氨基化合物气化以形成多异氰酸酯。 产物多异氰酸酯的纯度可以通过在光气化之前和/或之后蒸馏二次产物来改善。

    Raney nickel alloy expanded mesh hydrogenation catalysts
    99.
    发明授权
    Raney nickel alloy expanded mesh hydrogenation catalysts 失效
    阮内镍合金膨胀网加氢催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US4513149A

    公开(公告)日：1985-04-23

    申请号：US365210

    申请日：1982-04-05

    申请人： Thomas J. Gray ,  Norman G. Masse

    发明人： Thomas J. Gray ,  Norman G. Masse

    IPC分类号： B01J25/00 ,  B01J25/02 ,  B01J35/10 ,  C07B31/00 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C07C5/10 ,  C07C13/18 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C209/00 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C211/36 ,  C07C211/51 ,  C07C85/24 ,  C07C85/00

    CPC分类号： C07C209/36 ,  B01J25/00 ,  C07C5/10 ,  C07C2101/14 ,  C07C2521/02 ,  C07C2521/06 ,  C07C2523/20 ,  C07C2523/28 ,  C07C2523/46 ,  C07C2523/755 ,  C07C2525/00

    摘要： Hydrogenation processes utilizing improved Raney nickel alloy catalysts are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a monolithic mesh type structure of a nickel alloy having an integral Beta phase Raney Ni.sub.x M.sub.1-x coating on its outer surfaces, where M is a catalytic activator selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, ruthenium, tantalum and titanium and where x, the weight fraction of nickel in the combined alloy, is between about 0.80 and about 0.95. The catalyst is effective in processes for hydrogenation of aromatic compounds of the type ##STR1## wherein K is either benzene or naphthalene, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic chain containing from about 1 to about 9 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic chain containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms, hydroxy, or nitro groups. When this catalyst is used, substantially higher reactant flow rates and lower operating temperatures are possible as compared to conventional fluidized bed granular catalysts.

    摘要翻译： 公开了利用改进的阮内镍合金催化剂的氢化方法。 催化剂包括在其外表面上具有整体β相拉尼NixM1-x涂层的镍合金的整体网状结构，其中M是选自钼，钌，钽和钛的催化活化剂，其中x， 合金中镍的重量分数在约0.80至约0.95之间。 该催化剂在其中K为苯或萘，R 1为氢原子或含有约1至约9个碳原子的脂族链或苯基基团的芳族化合物的氢化方法中是有效的，R2为 氢原子或含有约1至约3个碳原子的脂族链，R3和R4是氢原子，羟基或硝基。 当使用该催化剂时，与常规流化床颗粒催化剂相比，可以实现更高的反应物流速和较低的操作温度。

    Production of 2,4- and 2,6-diaminotoluenes
    100.
    发明授权
    Production of 2,4- and 2,6-diaminotoluenes 失效
    制备2,4-和2,6-二氨基甲苯

    公开(公告)号：US4256671A

    公开(公告)日：1981-03-17

    申请号：US38296

    申请日：1979-05-11

    申请人： John D. Hildreth ,  David G. Haslam ,  David E. Allen

    发明人： John D. Hildreth ,  David G. Haslam ,  David E. Allen

    IPC分类号： C07C209/36 ,  C07C85/11 ,  C07C85/26

    CPC分类号： C07C209/36

    摘要： A process for the manufacture of 2,4- and 2,6-diaminotoluenes comprises catalytically hydrogenating the corresponding molten nitro compound in the presence of water, adding hydrochloric acid to form the monohydrochlorides, crystallizing 2,6-diaminotoluene monohydrochloride, filtering it off and, if desired, liberating the free bases by addition of an alkali.

    摘要翻译： 制备2,4-和2,6-二氨基甲苯的方法包括在水存在下催化氢化相应的熔融硝基化合物，加入盐酸形成一盐酸盐，使2,6-二氨基甲苯单盐酸盐结晶，过滤， 如果需要，通过加入碱释放游离碱。