摘要:
Even when the refractive index of the plastic material forming a plastic lens fluctuates due to temperature change and the like, the change in the paraxial back focus amount caused by this fluctuation is canceled by spherical aberration which is generated by an aspheric surface and yields an action in a direction opposite thereto, whereby the fluctuation in refractive index in the plastic lens due to temperature change and the like is suppressed while a demand for attaining a compact size with high performances is satisfied. The second lens (L.sub.2) in the first lens group (G.sub.1) and the fourth lens (L.sub.4) in the second lens group (G.sub.2) are formed by plastic lenses, while each of the both sides of these plastic lenses is made as an aspheric surface, whereby, even when the refractive index of the plastic material fluctuates due to temperature change and the like, the change in paraxial back focus amount caused by this fluctuation is canceled by the spherical aberration which is generated by this aspheric surface and yields an action in a direction opposite thereto, so as to suppress the fluctuation in imaging position.
摘要:
A method for mounting electronic components on circuit boards by operating an electronic component-mounting apparatus based on numerical control (NC) data involves the storage of component information, including supply numbers of components purchased from a plurality of makers, maker names of the purchased components, sizes thereof, configurations thereof, and mounting conditions, into a component mounting data base. A correspondence is established between factory numbers listed in a CAD data table and the supply numbers, thereby allowing the management of the supply numbers by grouping one or more supply numbers with each factory number. The supply numbers corresponding to a factory number are used as an index to obtain component information corresponding to each of the supply numbers. This obtained component information is used to generate the numerical control (NC) data for the component-mounting apparatus.
摘要:
An improved heat exchanger for use in a gas compression/expansion apparatus. The heat exchanger comprises: a tube connected with a compression/expansion space of a compression/expansion cylinder of the apparatus; a central cylinder coaxially disposed in the tube such that a narrow gap for the working gas is formed only between the central cylinder and the tube. The heat exchanger may liberate heat from, or providing heat to, the compression/expansion cylinder through heat transfer between the working gas in the tube and an ambient medium surrounding said tube. The heat exchanger is capable to serve as a low/high temperature heat source for an external heat load.
摘要:
An output level automatic control apparatus suitable for use to keep a transmitted output level of a radio system constant has an objective to prevent an output level above a specified value from being transmitted if an input level abruptly becomes a normal level from a break state, and to stabilize the output level with a simple configuration. The output level automatic control apparatus includes a main amplifier output level feed-back control loop extending from an output side of a main amplifier to a variable attenuator, which main amplifier output level feed-back control loop includes an output level detecting means, a reference value setting means, and a control means controlling the variable attenuator on the basis of a result obtained by comparing a detected output of the main amplifier with a reference value. Said main amplifier output level feed-back loop becomes negative feed-back when the output level of said main amplifier is in the neighborhood of a set value, and becomes positive or zero feed-back when the output level of the main amplifier is smaller than a second set value that is smaller than said set value.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a method of preparing an oxide superconducting wire comprising the steps of coating a powder material for forming an oxide superconductor with a metal, performing deformation processing on the metal-coated powder material thereby obtaining a tape-type wire material, superposing a plurality of such tape-type wire materials, performing first heat treatment on the plurality of superposed tape-type wire materials while simultaneously diffusion-bonding the metallic coats to each other, then performing deformation processing on the plurality of superposed tape-type wire materials, and performing second heat treatment on the plurality of deformation-processed tape-type wire materials. Preferably the oxide superconductor to be obtained is a bismuth oxide superconductor having a 2223 composition in a composition of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu or (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu, and the powder material consists of a superconducting phase, which is mainly composed of a 2212 phase, and non-superconducting phases.
摘要:
In a method of preparing an oxide superconducting wire comprising the steps of filling up raw material powder for an oxide superconductor in a metal sheath and rolling the same in this state, frictional force on surfaces of rolls employed for rolling is increased in the rolling step in order to improve denseness of the raw material powder, thereby improving the critical current density of the oxide superconducting wire. In order to increase the frictional force, films having large frictional force are formed on the roll surfaces, a coating material is applied to the roll surfaces during rolling, or the roll surfaces are roughened, for example.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a method which enables permanent current junction of a tape-type oxide superconducting wire and suppresses reduction of its critical current. An end portion of a tape-type wire (10) to be joined is removed to expose oxide superconductor filaments. Another tape-type wire (10') to be joined with the wire (10) is processed in a similar manner. The tape-type wires (10, 10') are so superposed that the surfaces exposing the filaments face with each other, and the superposed portions are pressed in a direction perpendicular to principal surfaces of the tapes and heat treated at a temperature of 800.degree. to 900.degree. C., to be completely joined with each other.
摘要:
A magnetic recording and reproducing method for enhancing picture quality and other characteristics while suppressing the difference in reproduction output between two heads. The method involves using a double azimuth head arrangement for signal recording and reproduction by helical scan. The two heads A and B are provided so that their azimuth angles .theta..sub.A and .theta..sub.B do not coincide with each other. The actual recording direction represented by the sum of the azimuth angles .theta..sub.A and .theta..sub.B on the one hand and a still angle .alpha. between the heads A and B on the other is made as close to the direction of magnetic particle orientation on the magnetic recording medium as possible.
摘要:
In a method of manufacturing an oxide superconducting wire including steps of performing heat treatment and deformation processing in a state of filling up a metal sheath with powder of an oxide superconductor or raw material therefor, fine particles or gas adsorbed by the powder can be desorbed by heating the powder at least once preferably under decompression in a stage before final sintering of the powder. It is possible to further withdraw the adsorbed fine particles or gas by heating the powder under decompression at least once before the same is covered with the sheath, covering the powder with the sheath, deforming the sheath and again heating the same under decompression, for example. Thus, it is possible to prevent gas generation from the powder during heat treatment for further growing superconductive particles, thereby preventing the superconducting wire from inflation etc. caused by such gas generation.
摘要:
A lens causes a first reflected light of a light beam reflected from an optical disk to converge on a first focal point. A splitter splits the first reflected light and causes a second reflected light to converge on a second focal point. The lens, the splitter, first and second light detectors are disposed so that the length of the light beam running from the lens to the second detector is different from the length of the light beam running from the lens to the first detector, and also, when the first reflected light is incident on the first detector, a line located within the illumination area formed on the first detector, which line corresponds to a center line of an information recording track formed on the optical disk, is substantially superimposed on a first boundary of the first detector, the illumination area being crossed by the second boundary, of the first detector, at some distance from the center point of the illumination area; and, when the second reflected light is incident, a line located within the illumination area formed on the second detector, which line corresponds to the center line of the information recording track formed on the optical disk, is substantially superimposed on a third boundary of the second detector, the illumination area being crossed by a fourth boundary of the second detector at some distance from the center point of the illumination area.