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    Process for the mononitration of alkanediols
    111.
    发明申请
    Process for the mononitration of alkanediols 失效
    链烷二醇单硝化方法

    公开(公告)号：US20060128983A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-15

    申请号：US10534868

    申请日：2003-11-06

    Applicant: Nevio Francescutti ,  Tiziano Scubla ,  Fausto Gorassini ,  Graziano Castaldi

    Inventor： Nevio Francescutti ,  Tiziano Scubla ,  Fausto Gorassini ,  Graziano Castaldi

    IPC: C07C201/02

    CPC classification number: C01B21/46 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04

    Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of formula HO-A-ONO2  (I) wherein A is a C2-C6 alkylene chain by nitration of the corresponding alkanediols with “stabilised” nitric acid is herein disclosed. The process is safer to operators and allows to obtain advantageous yields on an industrial scale.

    Abstract translation: 一种制备式<β的化合物的方法在线式描述=“在线式”中=“铅”→HO-A-ONO 2（I）<α -line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”？>其中A是C 2 -C 6 -C 6亚烷基链，硝化相应的链烷二醇 本文公开了“稳定”硝酸。 该过程对操作员更安全，并允许在工业规模上获得有利的产量。

    Process for preparing fluoronitrobenzenes
    113.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing fluoronitrobenzenes 失效
    制备氟硝基苯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5476976A

    公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

    申请号：US277475

    申请日：1994-07-19

    Applicant: Thomas Schach ,  Theodor Papenfuhs

    Inventor： Thomas Schach ,  Theodor Papenfuhs

    IPC: B01J31/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C201/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/12

    Abstract: Fluoronitrobenzenes are prepared in an advantageous way from the corresponding chloronitrobenzenes and an alkali metal fluoride by means of a chlorine-fluorine exchange reaction with replacement of a chlorine atom by a fluorine atom, by catalyzing the reaction with a quaternaryammonium compound which comprises at least one alkoxypolyoxyalkyl radical.

    Abstract translation: 通过与含有至少一个烷氧基聚氧基烷基的季铵化合物的反应，通过与氟原子取代氯原子进行氯 - 氟交换反应，由相应的氯硝基苯和碱金属氟化物以有利的方式制备氟硝基苯 激进。

    Nitrate ester preparation
    114.
    发明授权
    Nitrate ester preparation 失效
    硝酸酯制剂

    公开(公告)号：US5089652A

    公开(公告)日：1992-02-18

    申请号：US466221

    申请日：1990-01-17

    Applicant: Joseph A. Sohara ,  Randal A. Johnson ,  William E. Gorton

    Inventor： Joseph A. Sohara ,  Randal A. Johnson ,  William E. Gorton

    IPC: C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/02 ,  C07C203/04

    CPC classification number: C07C201/02

    Abstract: The process of the present invention provides a method of obtaining a high yield of water or acid soluble nitrate esters without the use of organic solvents in the nitration reaction or the production of unstable products or by-products. The process involves the nitration of an organic hydroxy-containing compound with a suitable nitrating agent such as nitric acid in the absence of organic solvents in the nitration reaction. The reaction mixture is neutralized, causing the nitrate esters to precipitate or separate from the neutralized nitrate solution. The nitrate ester is then recovered, and any dissolved nitrate salts can be removed therefrom by gentle washing with water or a dilute halide solution. As provided by the process of the present invention, no organic solvents are used in the nitration reaction and average yields range from about 80% to about 95%.

    Abstract translation: 本发明的方法提供了在硝化反应或不稳定产物或副产物的生产中不使用有机溶剂获得高产率的水或酸可溶性硝酸酯的方法。 该方法包括在硝化反应中在不存在有机溶剂的情况下用合适的硝化剂如硝酸硝化含有机羟基化合物。 将反应混合物中和，使硝酸酯从中和的硝酸盐溶液中沉淀或分离。 然后回收硝酸酯，通过用水或稀卤化物溶液温和洗涤可以将任何溶解的硝酸盐除去。 如本发明方法所提供的，在硝化反应中不使用有机溶剂，平均收率在约80％至约95％的范围内。

    Process for the production of high energy material
    116.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of high energy material 失效
    高能材料生产工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4820859A

    公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

    申请号：US794340

    申请日：1985-11-05

    Applicant: Ross W. Millar ,  Norman C. Paul ,  David H. Richards

    Inventor： Ross W. Millar ,  Norman C. Paul ,  David H. Richards

    IPC: C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04 ,  C08C19/40 ,  C07C77/02

    CPC classification number: C08C19/40 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C243/02

    Abstract: A process for the production of a high energy material involves reacting, in an inert organic solvent, a heterocyclic compound selected from oxirane, aziridine, oxetane or azetidine with a nitrogen oxide selected from dinitrogen tetroxide (N.sub.2 O.sub.4) and dinitrogen pentoxide (N.sub.2 O.sub.5) and, when the nitrogen oxide is N.sub.2 O.sub.4, oxidizing the O- or N- nitroso substituent or substituents in the product obtained to O- or N- nitro substituent or substituents. The heterocyclic compounds may be substituents or unsubstituted. In the former case the preferred substituents groups are halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, nitro and epoxy (as in epoxidized polybutadiene). The solvent is preferably a chlorinated alkane.Novel nitrated derivatives of polybutadiene, in which between 1% and 25% of the carbon atoms in the polymer are substituted by nitrate (ONO.sub.2), are also provided. These novel materials are liquid rubbers when the polybutadiene starting material has a molecular weight between 2000 and 10000.

    Abstract translation: 用于生产高能材料的方法包括在惰性有机溶剂中使选自环氧乙烷，氮丙啶，氧杂环丁烷或氮杂环丁烷的杂环化合物与选自四氧化二氮（N 2 O 4）和五氧化二氮（N 2 O 5）的氮氧化物反应， 当氮氧化物是N 2 O 4时，将获得的产物中的O-或N-亚硝基取代基或取代基氧化成O-或N-硝基取代基。 杂环化合物可以是取代基或未取代的。 在前一种情况下，优选的取代基是卤素，烷基，烯基，硝基和环氧基（如在环氧化的聚丁二烯中）。 溶剂优选为氯化烷烃。 还提供了聚合物中1％至25％的碳原子被硝酸（ONO 2）取代的聚丁二烯的新型硝化衍生物。 当聚丁二烯起始材料的分子量在2000和10000之间时，这些新型材料是液体橡胶。

    Nitration of organic compounds
    117.
    发明授权
    Nitration of organic compounds 失效
    有机化合物的硝化

    公开(公告)号：US4487988A

    公开(公告)日：1984-12-11

    申请号：US489466

    申请日：1983-04-28

    Applicant: Ian M. Campbell ,  Donald L. Baulch ,  Jonathan M. Chappel

    Inventor： Ian M. Campbell ,  Donald L. Baulch ,  Jonathan M. Chappel

    IPC: C07C201/02 ,  C07C201/04 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C203/00 ,  C07C203/02 ,  C07C205/02 ,  C07C76/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/04 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C201/08

    Abstract: Organic nitrogen compounds are formed in the vapor phase by organic radical formation by reaction of an organic compound, suitably an alkane, with hydroxyl radicals derived from the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen dioxide and the nitration of the organic radicals, suitably with nitrogen dioxide. The process is conducted using a molecular oxygen additive which directs the reaction towards the formation of the nitrate corresponding to the organic compound which may predominate in the organic reaction products.

    Abstract translation: 通过有机化合物（合适的是烷烃）与由过氧化氢和二氧化氮之间的反应衍生的羟基自由基以及适当地用二氧化氮硝化有机自由基的有机自由基形成形成有机氮化合物。 该方法使用分子氧添加剂进行，该分子氧添加剂将反应引导形成对应于有机反应产物中可能占优势的有机化合物的硝酸盐。

    Process for preparing mononitrochlorobenzene
    118.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing mononitrochlorobenzene 失效
    制备单硝基氯苯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4476335A

    公开(公告)日：1984-10-09

    申请号：US445587

    申请日：1982-11-30

    Applicant: Shinji Takenaka ,  Takeshi Nishida ,  Joshiro Kanemoto

    Inventor： Shinji Takenaka ,  Takeshi Nishida ,  Joshiro Kanemoto

    IPC: B01J27/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C79/12

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08

    Abstract: In a process for the preparation of mononitrochlorobenzene by nitration of chlorobenzene using a mixed acid of nitric acid and phosphoric acid, the nitration reaction is carried out by using a molar ratio of nitric acid to chlorobenzene of not more than equimol in the presence of a concentrated phosphoric acid as the phosphoric acid component at temperatures of 50.degree.-120.degree. C. while maintaining the concentration of phosphoric acid to 72.4 weight % as P.sub.2 O.sub.5 or more during the reaction.

    Abstract translation: 在使用硝酸和磷酸的混合酸硝化氯苯制备单硝基氯苯的方法中，硝化反应是在浓缩的存在下，使用不大于等摩尔的硝酸与氯苯的摩尔比进行的 磷酸作为磷酸成分，在50〜120℃的温度下，同时将磷酸的浓度保持在反应中的P2O5以上为72.4重量％。

    Nitration
    119.
    发明授权
    Nitration 失效
    NITRATION

    公开(公告)号：US3822251A

    公开(公告)日：1974-07-02

    申请号：US10169270

    申请日：1970-12-28

    Applicant: ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL CORP

    Inventor： VROLYK J ,  SHEELINE R

    IPC: C07C201/02 ,  C07D251/14 ,  C07D257/02 ,  C07D55/50 ,  C07D55/60

    CPC classification number: C07D257/02 ,  C07D251/14

    Abstract: A PROCESS IS PROVIDED RO REACTING TWO OR MORE CHEMICAL REACTANTS IN WHICH THE REACTANTS ARE DISPERSED, UNDER TURBULENT MIXING CONDITIONS, IN AN INERT LIQUID CARRIER WHICH IS ESSENTIALLY A NON-SOLVENT FOR THE REACTANTS AND THEN REACTED AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE BOILING POINT OF THE LIQUID CARRIER WHILE THE TUBULENT CONDITIONS ARE MAINTAINED.

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