公开(公告)号：US09666816B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-30

申请号：US14570261

申请日：2014-12-15

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Richard R. Lunt

IPC: H01L31/00 ,  H01L51/42 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/00 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/22

CPC classification number: H01L51/424 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: There is disclosed methods utilizing organic vapor phase deposition for growing bulk organic crystalline layers for organic photosensitive devices, heterojunctions and films made by such methods, and devices using such heterojunctions. There is also disclosed new methods for manufacturing heterojunctions and organic photosensitive devices, and the heterojunctions and devices manufactured thereby.

公开(公告)号：US20170084769A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-23

申请号：US15126592

申请日：2015-04-06

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Kyusang Lee ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L31/054 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0203

CPC classification number: H01L31/0547 ,  G02B19/0042 ,  H01L31/0203 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/03926 ,  H01L31/0445 ,  H01L31/0693 ,  H01L31/184 ,  H01L31/1892 ,  Y02E10/50

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of preparing a photovoltaic device. In particular, the method comprises making thin-film GaAs solar cells integrated with low-cost, thermoformed, lightweight and wide acceptance angle mini-CPCs. The fabrication combines ND-ELO thin film cells that are cold-welded to a foil substrate, and subsequently attached to the CPCs in an adhesive-free transfer printing process. There is also disclosed an improved photovoltaic device made by the disclosed method. The improved photovoltaic device comprises a thin-film solar integrated with non-tracking mini-compound parabolic concentrators, wherein the plastic compound parabolic concentrator comprise two parabolas tilted at an angle equal to the acceptance angle of the compound parabolic concentrator.

公开(公告)号：US20170076986A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-16

申请号：US15212104

申请日：2016-07-15

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Kyusang Lee ,  Dejiu Fan ,  Byungjun Lee

IPC: H01L21/78 ,  C30B33/02 ,  C30B33/10 ,  C30B33/12 ,  C23F1/16 ,  C23F4/00

CPC classification number: H01L21/7813 ,  C30B29/42 ,  C30B33/02 ,  C30B33/10 ,  C30B33/12 ,  H01L21/30612 ,  H01L31/1896

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for preserving the integrity of large-sized growth substrates. The methods pertain to accelerating the rate of epitaxial liftoff, and improved cleaning and etching steps. Also disclosed are devices produced therein.

Abstract translation: 公开了保留大尺寸生长基质完整性的方法。 该方法涉及加速外延提升速率，以及改进的清洗和蚀刻步骤。 还公开了其中生产的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20160351747A1

公开(公告)日：2016-12-01

申请号：US15111218

申请日：2015-01-15

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Kyusang Lee ,  Dejiu Fan

IPC: H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0735

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and growth structures for making thin-film electronic and optoelectronic devices, such as flexible photovoltaic devices, using epitaxial lift-off (ELO). In particular, disclosed herein are wafer protection schemes that preserve the integrity of the wafer surface during ELO and increase the number of times that the wafer may be used for regrowth. The wafer protection schemes use growth structures that include at least one superlattice layer.

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及使用外延剥离（ELO）制造薄膜电子和光电子器件（例如柔性光伏器件）的方法和生长结构。 特别地，本文公开了晶片保护方案，其在ELO期间保持晶片表面的完整性并且增加晶片可用于再生长的次数。 晶片保护方案使用包括至少一个超晶格层的生长结构。

公开(公告)号：US20160343966A1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-24

申请号：US15111249

申请日：2015-01-15

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Xiaozhou Che ,  Xin Xiao

IPC: H01L51/42 ,  H01G9/20 ,  H01L51/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/4246 ,  H01G9/2059 ,  H01L51/001 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0056 ,  H01L51/0061 ,  H01L51/0069 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: High efficiency multi-junction small-molecule organic photovoltaic devices and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed herein. Design considerations for improving spectral coverage and light-harvesting efficiency using the multi-junction devices are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了高效率多结小分子有机光伏器件及其制造方法。 还公开了使用多结装置提高光谱覆盖和光收获效率的设计考虑。

公开(公告)号：US20160293864A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US15086795

申请日：2016-03-31

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan ,  University of Southern California

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jaesang Lee ,  Mark E. Thompson

IPC: H01L51/00 ,  C09K11/02 ,  C09K11/06

CPC classification number: H01L51/0085 ,  C09K11/025 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1007 ,  C09K2211/1011 ,  C09K2211/1014 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1059 ,  C09K2211/1088 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  H01L51/0058 ,  H01L51/0067 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/5096 ,  H01L2251/5346 ,  H05B33/14 ,  H05B33/20

Abstract: An organic light emitting device is disclosed in which the emissive dopant material in its organic emissive layer is an organic phosphorescent emissive material and a neat film of the organic phosphorescent emissive material is disposed between the organic emissive layer and the anode as an electron blocking layer.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种有机发光器件，其中其有机发光层中的发射掺杂剂材料是有机磷光发光材料，有机磷光发光材料的纯膜设置在有机发光层和阳极之间作为电子阻挡层。

公开(公告)号：US20160204387A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-14

申请号：US14991178

申请日：2016-01-08

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Yue Qu ,  Michael Slootsky

IPC: H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L51/50

CPC classification number: H01L51/5275 ,  H01L51/0017 ,  H01L51/5212 ,  H01L2251/308

Abstract: An organic light emitting device is described. In certain embodiments, the device has a transparent substrate, a transparent grid layer disposed over the substrate, and an OLED disposed over the grid layer. The OLED can include an anode, a cathode, and at least one organic layer between the anode and cathode. A refractive index of the transparent grid layer is less than or equal to a refractive index of the transparent substrate. In certain embodiments, the at least one organic layer includes an electron transport layer having a thickness of at least 50 nm. In certain embodiments, the refractive index of the transparent grid layer is less than n=1.20, or in certain embodiments, less than n=1.05. Methods of manufacturing an organic light emitting device are also described.

Abstract translation: 描述有机发光器件。 在某些实施例中，该器件具有透明衬底，布置在衬底上的透明栅格层和布置在栅格层上的OLED。 OLED可以包括阳极，阴极和在阳极和阴极之间的至少一个有机层。 透明网格层的折射率小于或等于透明基板的折射率。 在某些实施方案中，至少一个有机层包括厚度至少为50nm的电子传输层。 在某些实施例中，透明网格层的折射率小于n = 1.20，或在某些实施例中小于n = 1.05。 还描述了制造有机发光器件的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20160056398A1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-25

申请号：US14782798

申请日：2014-04-14

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ,  UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Xin Xiao ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Kevin Bergemann ,  Anurag Panda ,  Brian E. Lassiter ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Andrew N. Bartynski ,  Cong Trinh

IPC: H01L51/42

CPC classification number: H01L51/4273 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0047 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0058 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/006 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive devices including at least one exciton-blocking charge carrier filter. The filters comprise a mixture of at least one wide energy gap material and at least one electron or hole conducting material. As described herein, the novel filters simultaneously block excitons and conduct the desired charge carrier (electrons or holes).

Abstract translation: 本文公开了包括至少一个激子阻断电荷载流子过滤器的有机光敏器件。 过滤器包括至少一个宽能隙材料和至少一个电子或空穴传导材料的混合物。 如本文所述，新型滤光器同时阻挡激子并传导所需的电荷载体（电子或空穴）。

公开(公告)号：US20150318505A1

公开(公告)日：2015-11-05

申请号：US14646136

申请日：2013-11-22

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Brian E. Lassiter ,  Xin Xiao

IPC: H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/0026 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0003 ,  H01L51/001 ,  H01L51/0028 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0062 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for fabricating an organic photovoltaic device comprising depositing an amorphous organic layer and a crystalline organic layer over a first electrode, wherein the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer contact one another at an interface; annealing the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer for a time sufficient to induce at least partial crystallinity in the amorphous organic layer; and depositing a second electrode over the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer. In the methods and devices herein, the amorphous organic layer may comprise at least one material that undergoes inverse-quasi epitaxial (IQE) alignment to a material of the crystalline organic layer as a result of the annealing.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了用于制造有机光伏器件的方法，包括在第一电极上沉积无定形有机层和结晶有机层，其中非晶有机层和结晶有机层在界面处彼此接触; 使无定形有机层和结晶有机层退火足以在无定形有机层中诱导至少部分结晶度的时间; 以及在所述无定形有机层和所述结晶有机层上沉积第二电极。 在本文的方法和装置中，无定形有机层可以包括作为退火的结果，经历与晶体有机层的材料的反向准外延（IQE）对准的至少一种材料。

公开(公告)号：US09099652B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-04

申请号：US14473995

申请日：2014-08-29

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Brian E. Lassiter ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman

IPC: H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L27/30

CPC classification number: H01L51/0028 ,  H01L27/302 ,  H01L51/0007 ,  H01L51/001 ,  H01L51/0047 ,  H01L51/424

Abstract: A method of fabricating a tandem organic photosensitive device involves depositing a first layer of an organic electron donor type material film by solution-processing of the organic electron donor type material dissolved in a first solvent; depositing a first layer of an organic electron acceptor type material over the first layer of the organic electron donor type material film by a dry deposition process; depositing a conductive layer over the interim stack by a dry deposition process; depositing a second layer of the organic electron donor type material over the conductive layer by solution-processing of the organic electron donor type material dissolved in a second solvent, wherein the organic electron acceptor type material and the conductive layer are insoluble in the second solvent; depositing a second layer of an organic electron acceptor type material over the second layer of the organic electron donor type material film by a dry deposition process, resulting in a stack.

Abstract translation: 串联有机感光装置的制造方法包括通过对溶解在第一溶剂中的有机电子给体型材料进行溶液处理来沉积有机电子给体型材料膜的第一层; 通过干沉积工艺在有机电子给体型材料膜的第一层上沉积第一层有机电子受体型材料; 通过干沉积工艺在中间堆叠上沉积导电层; 通过溶解在第二溶剂中的有机电子给体型材料的溶液处理，在导电层上沉积第二层有机电子给体型材料，其中有机电子受体型材料和导电层不溶于第二溶剂; 通过干沉积工艺在有机电子给体型材料膜的第二层上沉积第二层有机电子受体型材料，从而形成叠层。