摘要:
A control system for an automatic transmission having a running status detector for detecting the running status of a vehicle to include an input torque from the engine; a running resistance estimator for estimating a running resistance on the basis of the running status of the vehicle; and shift characteristic changer for changing shift characteristics in accordance with the running resistance of the vehicle. The control system further comprises an engine output controller for reducing the output of the engine by a sub-throttle valve which acts independently of the driver at an overrun time of drive wheels; and an action status detector for detecting the action status of the sub-throttle valve. The running resistance estimator estimates the running resistance of the vehicle on the basis of the running status detector and the action status detector of the sub-throttle valve.
摘要:
An ultrasonic sensor for use in an ultrasonic micro spectrometer includes a concave surface transducer having a concave ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving surface and a plane transducer having a plane transmitting/receiving surface. The concave surface transducer is capable of transmitting converging ultrasonic waves toward a specimen, wherein the waves are reflected from the surface of the specimen and are received by the plane transducer which outputs electric signals corresponding to the intensity of the reflected ultrasonic waves. Based on a signal output from the ultrasonic sensor, a digital oscilloscope and FFT analyzer forms a distribution of spectral intensity indicating the intensity of the reflected wave as a function of frequency. The digital oscilloscope and FFT analyzer further forms a distribution of spectral phase indicating the spectral phase of the reflected waves as a function of frequency. Either the distribution of spectral intensity or of spectral phase can effectively be analyzed for evaluating elastic characteristics and structure of a specimen.
摘要:
An injection apparatus for a hot-chamber die-cast machine including a cylindrical sleeve; a plunger body slidingly movably disposed in the sleeve and having a circumferential groove on an outer cylindrical surface and passages extending from a pressurizing face to the groove. Divided seal rings fit loosely in the groove of the plunger body in such a manner that the divided rings are urged radially outwardly by the pressure of the molten metal in the sleeve through the passages when the plunger body is moved. The divided rings satisfy the following conditions:t.sup.3 .ltoreq.4.5.times.10.sup.2 (mm).times.D.sup.2 .times.P/Ewhere t: thickness (mm) of the divided rings, E: Young's modulus (Pa) of the divided rings, D: inner diameter (mm) of the sleeve, and P: pressure (Pa) which should be exerted onto the molten metal when injected.
摘要:
A linear solenoid valve apparatus includes a linear solenoid housed within a valve body. The linear solenoid valve includes a sleeve with an open channel conduit on its exterior surface, an exhaust port in communication with the open channel in the lower portion of the sleeve, a feedback port, a spool and a spring. The valve body includes a supply passage connecting with the open channel, off center at the top of the sleeve. The structure is designed to prevent the valve from sticking.
摘要:
A fluorescent luminous device capable of permitting vibration of a filamentary cathode due to any external vibration or shock transmitted thereto to be readily attenuated, to thereby substantially prevent flickering of a display due to a variation in luminance of the luminous section, resulting in improving quality of the display. A part of a vibration adsorbing element provided at the end of a filamentary cathode is separatably contacted with the fixed portion of an envelope in which the element and cathode are arranged.
摘要:
An electromagnetic valve having a flow passage opened and closed by the drive of an electromagnet. The electromagnetic opertor includes a casing, an electromagnetic coil, a plunger adapted to be driven by the electromagnetic coil, a sleeve for guiding the plunger, a yoke fitted around the sleeve and formed with an axially extending central portion and a notch in its outer circumference, and a push rod fixed to the plunger. The valve portion includes an outer valve body, having an input port and a discharge port, which is fixed to the casing of the electromagnet with a flange fitted over and mating with the raised central portion of the yoke. An inner valve body is mounted in the outer base and has an axial bore for receiving the push rod. A ball is interposed between the outer valve body and the inner valve body for opening or closing the passage of the valve, extending from the input port to the discharge port, by the drive of the push rod.
摘要:
An electromagnetic relay of a flat configuration which can switch electric contacts by producing a seesaw movement of an armature. The relay has an armature assembly having moveable contacts, a coil assembly implemented as a coil spool having a core and wound with a coil, and an insulating base supporting stationay contacts, coil terminals, and connection terminals. The coil assembly is built in the base by affixing the coil terminals of the coil assembly to coil terminals of the base, and then the base is molded to cover the whole coil assembly except for both ends of the core and a bore for receiving a permanent magnet. The base, therefore, fully spaces apart the joints of the coil terminals and the contacts and spaces apart the coil and the contacts.
摘要:
A two-way electromagnet has an input port and a discharge port at opposing ends of a flow passage which is opened or closed by the drive of an electromagnet. The two-way electromagnetic valve operating portion or module includes an electromagnetic coil, a plunger adapted to be driven by the electromagnetic coil, a yoke fitted around a sleeve and a push rod fixed in the plunger. The valve portion or module includes an outer valve body in which the input port and a valve seat are formed, an inner valve body formed with a bore for receiving the leading end of the push rod therethrough and a passage communicating with the discharge port. The valve member is a ball arranged between the valve seat of the outer valve body and the inner valve body. The push rod is moved forward when the electromagnetic coil is deenergized to bring the ball into abutment against the valve seat to thereby close the input port. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the push rod is moved backward to allow the ball to move out of the valve seat thereby opening the input port and establishing communication between the input port and the discharge port. Alternatively, the valve seat may be formed in the inner valve body.
摘要:
A resin molding and coil device for an electromagnetic valve for use in a vehicular hydraulic control circuit. The coil device includes a coil bobbin, an electromagnetic coil wound on the coil bobbin, leads extending from the electromagnetic coil, connection terminals connected to the leads and assembled with the coil bobbin, a molding resin covering the entire device excepting portions of the connector terminals and a thermal shock absorber, having high heat resistance, flexibility and insulating value, interposed between the leads and the molding resin. The coil device may further have grooves formed in the coil bobbin with the leads arranged therein.
摘要:
Undesired signals detected by a main antenna are cancelled by corresponding interference cancelling signals. The output of the main antenna is frequency converted to IF region and decomposed into first and second main baseband components. Decision circuits are provided for making a decision on whether each of the first and second main baseband components exceeds each of multiple thresholds and produces multibit codes as well as error signals. Auxiliary antennas respectively detect the undesired signals and feed auxiliary frequency converters for translating the frequency of the respective outputs of the auxiliary antennas to the intermediate frequency. Auxiliary quadrature demodulators are provided for respectively decomposing the output of each auxiliary frequency converter into first and second auxiliary baseband components. Correlations are detected between the first auxiliary baseband components and the first error signal and between the second auxiliary baseband component and the second error signal. Amplitude and phase controllers are responsive to the detected correlations to control the outputs of the auxiliary frequency converts to generate the interference cancelling signals. Variable length delay lines are associated respectively with the auxiliary antennas for introducing delays so that both cancelling signals and corresponding interfering components are time-coincident at the summing circuit.