Abstract:
A method of transmitting and receiving data using superposition modulation in a wireless communication system having multiple antennas is disclosed. More specifically, the method comprises encoding the at least one inputted data stream by a channel coding scheme, puncturing the at least one inputted coded data stream into at least two sub-streams, layer-modulating the at least two sub-streams using layer-modulation schemes, transmitting the layered-modulated sub-streams via the multiple antennas, wherein transmission power of each antenna is based channel condition, and receiving by at least one user the layered-modulated sub-stream, wherein the each user uses different demodulation scheme.
Abstract:
A method for receiving data at different frequencies includes receiving a first transmission packet including data at a first carrier frequency, and receiving a second transmission packet comprising data at a second carrier frequency. The method further includes maintaining communication with transmission entities which transmit the first and second transmission packets, and identifying reception quality of the first and second transmission packets. In addition, a method for retransmitting subpackets includes transmitting a first subpacket of a packet transmission from at least two transmitting entities. Upon receiving a non-acknowledgement NACK generated responsive to the first subpacket, the method further includes alternating transmission of subsequent subpackets from different transmitting entities. Upon receiving an acknowledgement ACK generated responsive to any subpackets of the packet transmission, the method further includes transmitting a first subpacket of a new packet transmission.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for randomizing access probes from co-located mobile terminals in order to reduce collisions is provided. By each mobile terminal or group of mobile terminals computing a random delay between a minimum delay value and a maximum delay value and using the random delay to delay the starting time of access probes, collisions between access probes from different mobile terminals may be reduced.
Abstract:
A method of transmitting data packets in a mobile communication system using at least one relay station (RS) and using at least two frequency carriers is disclosed. More specifically, the method comprises transmitting at least one subpacket of a first data packet to a mobile station (MS) on a first frequency carrier, and transmitting at least one subpacket of a second data packet to the MS via the at least one RS. Here, the at least one subpacket of second data packet from the at least one RS is transmitted on a second frequency carrier, a first subpacket of the first data packet and a first subpacket of the second data packet is transmitted via a main channel of the first frequency carrier and the main channel of the second frequency carrier, respectively, and at least one subsequent subpacket of the first data packet and at least one subsequent subpacket of the second data packet are transmitted via at least one assistant channel of the first frequency carrier and the at least one assistant channel of the second frequency carrier, respectively.
Abstract:
A method of determining at least one channel for channel response in a wireless communication system is disclosed. More specifically, the method comprises receiving a plurality of signals from a transmitting end, wherein the signals comprise a plurality of pilot symbols and a plurality of data symbols, determining weight value of each pilot symbol, assigning the determined each weight value to each pilot symbol, and demodulating each data symbol by using respective information of the weight value corresponding to each pilot symbol.
Abstract:
A casing for containing apparatus which in use generates heat, the casing including a heat exchanger arranged to act as a removable wall (preferably a lid) of the casing, and fluid directing means arranged to be on the exterior of the said removable wall for directing a heat transfer fluid in thermal contact with the said wall in use, such that heat generated in the interior of the casing is transferred to the heat transfer fluid by conduction through the material of the said wall.
Abstract:
A method of executing to battery power consumption between an access terminal (AT) and an access network (AN) in a wireless communication system is disclosed. More specifically, the method includes transmitting a notification message to the AN, receiving a confirmation message from the AN, and entering the power-saving mode according to the determined power saving mode. Here, the notification message includes at least one of battery life information and a power-saving mode request, and the confirmation message includes a determined power saving mode which is based on the at least one of battery life information and the power-saving mode request.
Abstract:
Polymeric fibers were microbraided around a mandrel to make a tubular guide tube for nerve regeneration. The polymer used for the fibers was one of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (10:90 PLGA) and chitosan. These polymers are biodegradable and biocompatible. The tubes were studied for their surface morphology and swelling behavior. Biological performance of the tubes was examined in the rat sciatic nerve model with a 12 mm gap. One month after implantation nine out of ten rats showed successful nerve regeneration. Morphometric analysis of regenerated nerves confirmed the quality of the regeneration compatible with those offered by other types of biodegradable nerve guide tubes. The tubes were flexible, permeable and showed no swelling.
Abstract:
Multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) are demonstrated using semiconducting polymers blended with organometallic emitters as the emissive layer and one or both of an electron transport layer and a hole transparent layer on the appropriate electron injection and hole injection sides of the emissive layer. The transport layers reduce energy potential gaps between the hole injection electrode and the emissive polymer and between the electron injection electrode and the emissive polymer. A solvent-processing based procedure for preparing these devices is also disclosed It uses nonpolar solvent-based solutions of emissive polymers to form the emissive layer and polar solvent-based solutions to form the transport layers to minimize etching and other undesirable interactions as the multiple layers are being laid down. Illumination quality white light can be obtained with stable Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates, stable color temperatures, and stable color rendering indices, all close to those of “pure” white light. These multilayer white light-emitting PLEDs are useful as backlights for liquid crystal displays and for solid state lighting applications.
Abstract:
The invention provides a novel recombinant polypeptide that comprises a nucleic acid binding element and a hairpin motif that selectively binds to a neurotrophin receptor. The recombinant polypeptide may be used for neurotrophin receptor mediated delivery of nucleic acid, including therapeutic DNA, bound to the recombinant polypeptide. In one embodiment, the hairpin motif is a hairpin motif of a neurotrophin, such as nerve growth factor, brain derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4/5. The hairpin motif is also a neurotrophin agonist and therefore may be used to treat any disorder responsive to neurotrophin treatment, such as neurological disorders and tumour. In one embodiment the agonist comprises a hairpin motif that selectively binds to a neurotrophin receptor and a positively charged binding domain which is believed to enhance receptor binding by binding to negatively charged cell membrane.