Abstract:
Squelch circuit responsive to the periodicity of a voice signal for controlling the output of a radio receiver to provide transmission of speech and reject noise. The audio signal from the receiver is amplitude limited and the transitions in the limited wave control a bistable multivibrator having first and second out-of-phase outputs. The outputs are used to activate circuits which produce voltage samples proportional to the time period between zero crossings, with the alternate periods producing voltages across two capacitors. The difference between the successive voltage samples is derived and compared with a reference voltage to provide a control voltage. The control voltage, which is produced as long as the difference between the samples is less than the reference, is applied to a gate circuit which controls the charging of a squelch control capacitor. A control voltage which continues through a plurality of samples causes the voltage across the squelch control capacitor to raise to a level which operates a squelch switch to allow transmission of the audio signal.
Abstract:
Metal-oxide-silicon field effect transistors (MOSFET) are shown utilizing diffusion guarding of the gate electrode of a MOSFET device and utilizing the drain of one MOSFET device as the source of the next integrally formed MOSFET device. Other types of isolation shown include the surrounding of a functional unit with a source diffusion area, and/or permanently connecting a gate electrode to a potential level for preventing signal flow past such a gate.
Abstract:
A horizontal processing circuit in monolithic integrated circuit form for a television receiver, which processing circuit includes a horizontal oscillator, phase comparator, and predriver stage. The oscillator generates a sawtooth signal at approximately the desired frequency as determined by an external RC timing network, and which is locked in phase and frequency to the received television signal by the actions of the phase comparator. The sawtooth signal is applied to the predriver stage which includes an electronic switch which when conductive produces an output pulse of essentially square wave configuration. By controlling the setting of the switching threshold of the electronic switch the width of the output pulse may be effectively controlled within a predetermined range or ratio such that the horizontal processing circuit may be rendered fully compatible within any horizontal sweep system whatever the design factors may be.
Abstract:
A method of selective or ''''spot'''' plating, particularly electroplating, of articles including the steps of masking predetermined portions of the article to be plated so that those portions will not be contacted by the plating solution, establishing an electrical connection to conductive portions of the article and then contacting the unmasked portions of the article with plating solution, for sufficient length of time to plate those portions. The apparatus includes means for feeding the article into an apertured conveyor belt which forms the mask between the portions of the article to be plated and those portions which are not to be plated. The masked portion of the article is then contacted by a conductive liquid and the unmasked portion of the article contacted by the plating solution, through means of a reciprocating plating head which travels with the conveyor for a sufficient length of time to affect the plating of the unmasked portions of the article.
Abstract:
An automatic power-on reset circuit adapted for use on complementary MOS integrated circuit semiconductor dies is provided. The circuit includes a voltage reference stage followed by an amplifier stage. A PN diode is coupled in series with a diode-connected MOSFET and a low current MOSFET device to provide a slight overdrive to the P-channel MOSFET of a CMOS inverter, which determines the initial output level thereof. As the voltage applied to the power supply conductor increases, the switching point of the amplifier-inverter stage varies until the output thereof assumes the opposite logic level. This transition of the output of the amplifier inverter stage is applied to wave shaping circuitry and an output circuit which reliably produces the desired reset signal.
Abstract:
A converter circuit for transforming balanced signals into an unbalanced output signal is disclosed. First and second active loads each of which are connected between one of the output terminals of a balanced source, such as a differential amplifier, and a voltage supply are included in the converter circuit. The loads clamp each of the output terminals of the differential amplifier to a predetermined voltage level. A third active load interconnects the balanced loads with each other, provides current regulation for the differential amplifier and facilitates a ''''turn-around'''' function which enables each of the balanced output signals of the differential amplifier to at all times contribute to the unbalanced output signal.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a monolithic light display comprising a matrix of light emitting diodes in an integral structure which is scannable to produce an alpha numeric character display. Each of the light emitting diodes is electrically isolated from each other diode in a supporting carrier, with the cathodes of the diodes connected in a series of groups by address lines and anodes connected in an orthagonal plurality of groups by bit lines or column lines. A strobing format logic address system is provided for lighting the individual diodes to emission for producing an alpha numeric character. There is also disclosed a method of making the foregoing which comprises moat etching a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity to form a plurality of mesas in an orthagonal pattern desired for the ultimate alpha numeric display. A region of the opposite conductivity is then produced on the moat etched surface of the substrate by diffusing a suitable dopant therein. The PN junction is thereby formed following the contour of the moat etched surface. A layer of material is then deposited upon the diffused surface and a supporting carrier deposited over the first layer. If the first layer is of conductive material, the supporting carrier is required to be of dielectric material. If the first layer is of a dielectric material, the carrier may be either dielectric, heat conductive, or electrically conductive material. The original substrate is then removed by lapping, etching or polishing to leave only the mesas in a dielectrically isolated array. Suitable electrical connections are made to the individual diodes to complete the display.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for filling grooves, moats, and channels formed by both channel and anisotropic etching techniques. Basically the process is a two-step process to be performed on a wafer in which a channel and/or a moat has been formed. A P+ (boron) doped oxide is placed in the grooves or moats using spinon techniques followed by a uniform deposition of polycrystalline silicon over the entire wafer. Due to the spinning effects the P+ doped oxide is collected mostly in the grooves or moats. The P+ doped oxide that remains outside of the grooves and/or moats is removed using standard photolithographic procedures. The wafer is now heated to a temperature sufficient to drive the boron impurities from the P+ doped oxide into the polycrystalline silicon. A portion of a polycrystalline silicon now becomes heavily P+ doped. The remaining polycrystalline silicon remains undoped. The wafer is then etched by an etchant which effectively stops when the material being etched is highly P+ doped. In this manner a portion of the remaining undoped polycrystalline material is removed and the highly doped polycrystalline material is left in the channels and/or moats. The above can be repeated until the moats or channels are completely filled.
Abstract:
A semiconductor memory of a matrix of active devices each of which is metal-nitride-oxide-silicon (MNOS) field effect transistor device. Each of the active devices defines one bit of the memory. A polycrystalline silicon member defines the gate electrode for the active device and also the row conductor for the matrix. The source and drain electrodes of columns of the field effect transistors are interconnected in parallel with other source and drain electrodes of single crystal silicon of the field effect devices to define column conductors for the matrix. The matrix is manufactured by providing an insulating substrate having a layer of monocrystalline silicon thereon. The monocrystalline silicon is suitably masked and etched to define a plurality of parallel ladder-like structures wherein the side pieces of the ladder form the column conductors for the matrix while the cross pieces or the rungs of the ladder define the channel of the device. The shaped monocrystalline silicon material and the exposed substrate is then covered by a layer of silicon dioxide, a layer of silicon nitride and a layer of polycrystalline silicon utilizing suitable masking and etching steps. The polycrystalline silicon, the silicon-nitride and silicon-dioxide are removed to form the row conductors and gate electrodes for the active devices, while exposing portions of the side pieces of the ladders of semiconductor material. A single diffusion step is then required to create the source and drain junctions for the active devices; render conductive the column conductors; and render conductive the gate electrode and row conductors formed by the polycrystalline silicon, that portion of the monocrystalline silicon on the substrate underlying the gate electrode being masked by the gate electrode so as to define the channel in the originally deposited rung of the monocrystalline silicon.
Abstract:
Photoresist compositions including 2,6-bis(p-azidobenzylidene)4-methylcyclohexanone and cyclized polyisoprene rubber dissolved in saturated aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic hydrocarbons or other non-aromatic, saturated solvents having solubility parameter values close to that of polyisoprene.