Abstract:
A CID management method and apparatus in a multi-hop relay BWA communication system are provided. A BS combines data destined for an RS and data to be relayed to an MS via the RS in a payload, distinguishing the data by CIDs, attaches a relay CID to the payload, and sends the payload with the relay CID to the RS. Among the data of the payload, the RS processes its data and relays to the MS the data destined for the MS by distinguishing them by the CIDs.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a bone graft material, a scaffold for tissue engineering applications and type I collagen Binding Peptides which have bone calcification-promoting peptides immobilized on the surface, and more particularly, to a bone graft material and a scaffold for tissue engineering applications (hereinafter, referred to as scaffold), which have peptides specifically binding with type I collagen immobilized on the surface, and pharmaceutical composition for recovering tissue regeneration containing type I collagen binding-inducing peptide. In the inventive bone graft material and scaffold for tissue engineering applications, the cells related to regeneration by collagen binding-inducing peptide adhered to the surface, promote an adhesion of type I collagen binding-inducing peptide (main ingredients of extracellular matrix) to increase differentiation rate into bone tissues, and promote a calcification which is last step of bone regeneration to maximize a tissue regeneration finally.
Abstract:
Disclosed are examples of an interworking system and related methods. The interworking system can be configured to implement a session initiation protocol (SIP) message routing method that may include checking a transmitting subject and a transmission method of a SIP message, applying a network address translation based on the checked message's transmitting subject and its transmission method, and specifying the address of the node selected based on the checked message's transmitting subject in routing path information.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for reducing interference between systems when a plurality of wireless access systems are co-located are disclosed. To support CLC mode, an MS in the CRC mode transmits a handover request message to a first Base Station (BS) to initiate a handover process, receives a handover command message acknowledging the handover request message from the first BS, transmits a ranging request message to second BS at network reentry after handover, and receives from the second BS a ranging response message including CRC start time information that set by the second BS.
Abstract:
A resistive memory device includes: a bottom electrode formed over a substrate; and an insulation layer having a hole structure formed over the substrate structure. Herein, the hole structure exposes the bottom electrode, has sidewalls of positive slope, and has a bottom width equal to or smaller than a width of the bottom electrode; a resistive layer formed over the hole structure; and an upper electrode formed over the resistive layer.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a system for transmitting and receiving audio, particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving of object-based audio contents, which packetizes audio objects having the same characteristic. To achieve the above, the present invention includes filtering a plurality of ESs according to common information, adding a packet header to the respective filtered ESs and generate ES packets, aggregating all the generated ES packets and then adding a multi-object packet header to the aggregated ES packets to generate an object packet, and multiplexing the generated object packet, packetizing the multiplexed object packet according to a transmitting media and transmitting the packetized object packet.
Abstract:
There is provided an LED driving circuit including: at least one ladder network circuit including: (n+1) number of first branches connected in parallel with one another by n number of first middle junction points between a first junction point and a second junction point, where n denotes an integer satisfying n≧2, (n+1) number of second branches connected in parallel with one another by n number of second middle junction points between the first junction point and the second junction point, the (n+1) number of second branches connected in parallel with the first branches; and n number of middle branches connecting the first and second middle junction points of an identical m sequence to each other, respectively, wherein each of the first and second, and middle branches comprises at least one LED device.
Abstract:
A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of wordlines and a driver configured to, when an wordline of the plurality of wordlines is activated by an active command, drive at least one non-activated wordline neighboring the activated wordline and remaining non-activated wordlines with different wordline driving voltage levels during a period of time that the activated wordline is driven to a high voltage level.
Abstract:
A non-volatile memory device may operate by writing a portion of a new codeword to an address in the device that stores an old codeword, as part of a write operation. An interruption of the write operation can be detected before completion, which indicates that the address stores the portion of the new codeword and a portion of the old codeword. The portion of the old codeword can be combined with the portion of the new codeword to provide an updated codeword. Error correction bits can be generated using the updated codeword and the error correction bits can be written to the address.