公开(公告)号：US08547740B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-01

申请号：US13734335

申请日：2013-01-04

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Naftali Sommer ,  Ofir Shalvi ,  Uri Perlmutter ,  Oren Golov ,  Eyal Gurgi ,  Micha Anholt ,  Dotan Sokolov

IPC: G11C11/34 ,  G11C16/04

CPC classification number: G11C16/04 ,  G11C8/20 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C16/20 ,  G11C16/28 ,  G11C2211/5634

Abstract: A method for operating a memory (28) that includes a plurality of analog memory cells (32) includes storing data in the memory by writing first storage values to the cells. Second storage values are read from the cells, and a Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of the second storage values is estimated. The estimated CDF is processed so as to compute one or more thresholds. A memory access operation is performed on the cells using the one or more thresholds.

Abstract translation: 一种用于操作包括多个模拟存储单元（32）的存储器（28）的方法包括：通过向单元写入第一存储值来将数据存储在存储器中。 从单元读取第二存储值，并且估计第二存储值的累积分布函数（CDF）。 处理估计的CDF以计算一个或多个阈值。 使用一个或多个阈值对单元执行存储器存取操作。

公开(公告)号：USRE46346E1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-21

申请号：US14226413

申请日：2014-03-26

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Naftali Sommer ,  Ofir Shalvi ,  Dotan Sokolov

IPC: G06F11/10 ,  G06F11/30 ,  G11C8/20 ,  G11C27/00 ,  G11C11/56

CPC classification number: G06F11/1068 ,  G11C8/20 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C27/005

Abstract: A method for operating a memory (28) includes storing data, which is encoded with an Error Correction Code (ECC), in analog memory cells (32) of the memory by writing respective analog input values selected from a set of nominal values to the analog memory cells. The stored data is read by performing multiple read operations that compare analog output values of the analog memory cells to different, respective read thresholds so as to produce multiple comparison results for each of the analog memory cells. At least two of the read thresholds are positioned between a pair of the nominal values that are adjacent to one another in the set of the nominal values. Soft metrics are computed responsively to the multiple comparison results. The ECC is decoded using the soft metrics, so as to extract the data stored in the analog memory cells.

公开(公告)号：US09086993B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-21

申请号：US14306764

申请日：2014-06-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Dotan Sokolov ,  Naftali Sommer ,  Uri Perlmutter ,  Ofir Shalvi

IPC: G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/10 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G06F12/00

CPC classification number: G06F11/1072 ,  G06F11/1044 ,  G06F11/1048 ,  G06F11/1076 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C29/50004 ,  G11C29/52 ,  G11C2029/5004

Abstract: A method for operating a memory includes storing data in a plurality of analog memory cells that are fabricated on a first semiconductor die by writing input storage values to a group of the analog memory cells. After storing the data, multiple output storage values are read from each of the analog memory cells in the group using respective, different threshold sets of read thresholds, thus providing multiple output sets of the output storage values corresponding respectively to the threshold sets. The multiple output sets of the output storage values are preprocessed by circuitry that is fabricated on the first semiconductor die, to produce preprocessed data. The preprocessed data is provided to a memory controller, which is fabricated on a second semiconductor die that is different from the first semiconductor die. so as to enable the memory controller to reconstruct the data responsively to the preprocessed data.

Abstract translation: 一种用于操作存储器的方法包括：通过将输入存储值写入到一组模拟存储器单元中，将数据存储在制造在第一半导体管芯上的多个模拟存储器单元中。 在存储数据之后，使用相应的不同的阈值集合读取组中每个模拟存储器单元的多个输出存储值，从而提供分别对应于阈值集合的输出存储值的多个输出组。 输出存储值的多个输出组由在第一半导体管芯上制造的电路预处理，以产生预处理的数据。 预处理数据被提供给存储器控制器，该存储器控制器制造在与第一半导体管芯不同的第二半导体管芯上。 以使得存储器控制器能够响应于预处理的数据重构数据。

公开(公告)号：US20150055388A1

公开(公告)日：2015-02-26

申请号：US14526833

申请日：2014-10-29

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Dotan Sokolov ,  Naftali Sommer ,  Uri Perlmutter ,  Ofir Shalvi

IPC: G11C27/00

CPC classification number: G11C27/005 ,  G11C7/02 ,  G11C11/5628 ,  G11C16/3418

Abstract: A method for data storage includes defining a first programming scheme that programs a group of analog memory cells while reducing interference caused by at least one memory cell that neighbors the group, and a second programming scheme that programs the group of the analog memory cells and does not reduce all of the interference reduced by the first programming scheme. One of the first and second programming schemes is selected based on a criterion defined with respect to the analog memory cells. Data is stored in the group of the analog memory cells using the selected programming scheme.

Abstract translation: 一种用于数据存储的方法包括：定义第一编程方案，其编程一组模拟存储器单元，同时减少由与该组相邻的至少一个存储器单元引起的干扰;以及第二编程方案，其对该组模拟存储器单元进行编程 不能减少第一编程方案减少的所有干扰。 基于针对模拟存储器单元定义的标准来选择第一和第二编程方案之一。 使用选择的编程方案将数据存储在模拟存储器单元的组中。

公开(公告)号：US08897065B2

公开(公告)日：2014-11-25

申请号：US14257268

申请日：2014-04-21

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yoav Kasorla ,  Eyal Gurgi ,  Dotan Sokolov ,  Ofir Shalvi

IPC: G11C11/34 ,  G06F11/10 ,  G06F12/02 ,  G11C29/52 ,  G06F12/06

CPC classification number: G06F11/1072 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/0607 ,  G06F2212/7208 ,  G11C29/52

Abstract: A method for data storage includes initially storing a sequence of data pages in a memory that includes multiple memory arrays, such that successive data pages in the sequence are stored in alternation in a first number of the memory arrays. The initially-stored data pages are rearranged in the memory so as to store the successive data pages in the sequence in a second number of the memory arrays, which is less than the first number. The rearranged data pages are read from the second number of the memory arrays.

公开(公告)号：US20140298139A1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-02

申请号：US14306764

申请日：2014-06-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Dotan Sokolov ,  Naftali Sommer ,  Uri Perlmutter ,  Ofir Shalvi

IPC: G06F11/10

CPC classification number: G06F11/1072 ,  G06F11/1044 ,  G06F11/1048 ,  G06F11/1076 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C29/50004 ,  G11C29/52 ,  G11C2029/5004

Abstract: A method for operating a memory includes storing data in a plurality of analog memory cells that are fabricated on a first semiconductor die by writing input storage values to a group of the analog memory cells. After storing the data, multiple output storage values are read from each of the analog memory cells in the group using respective, different threshold sets of read thresholds, thus providing multiple output sets of the output storage values corresponding respectively to the threshold sets. The multiple output sets of the output storage values are preprocessed by circuitry that is fabricated on the first semiconductor die, to produce preprocessed data. The preprocessed data is provided to a memory controller, which is fabricated on a second semiconductor die that is different from the first semiconductor die. so as to enable the memory controller to reconstruct the data responsively to the preprocessed data.

Abstract translation: 一种用于操作存储器的方法包括：通过将输入存储值写入到一组模拟存储器单元中，将数据存储在制造在第一半导体管芯上的多个模拟存储器单元中。 在存储数据之后，使用相应的不同的阈值集合读取组中每个模拟存储器单元的多个输出存储值，从而提供分别对应于阈值集合的输出存储值的多个输出组。 输出存储值的多个输出组由在第一半导体管芯上制造的电路预处理，以产生预处理的数据。 预处理数据被提供给存储器控制器，该存储器控制器制造在与第一半导体管芯不同的第二半导体管芯上。 以使得存储器控制器能够响应于预处理的数据重构数据。

公开(公告)号：US10157013B2

公开(公告)日：2018-12-18

申请号：US15602444

申请日：2017-05-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Uri Perlmutter ,  Dotan Sokolov ,  Ofir Shalvi ,  Oren Golov

IPC: H03M13/11 ,  G06F3/06 ,  G06F11/10 ,  G06F12/08

Abstract: A method for data storage includes storing data in a group of analog memory cells by writing respective input storage values to the memory cells in the group. After storing the data, respective output storage values are read from the analog memory cells in the group. Respective confidence levels of the output storage values are estimated, and the confidence levels are compressed. The output storage values and the compressed confidence levels are transferred from the memory cells over an interface to a memory controller.

公开(公告)号：US09671972B2

公开(公告)日：2017-06-06

申请号：US14987324

申请日：2016-01-04

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Uri Perlmutter ,  Dotan Sokolov ,  Ofir Shalvi ,  Oren Golov

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  G06F3/06 ,  G06F11/10 ,  G06F12/08

CPC classification number: G06F3/0638 ,  G06F3/0604 ,  G06F3/0679 ,  G06F11/1008 ,  G06F12/08

Abstract: A method for data storage includes storing data in a group of analog memory cells by writing respective input storage values to the memory cells in the group. After storing the data, respective output storage values are read from the analog memory cells in the group. Respective confidence levels of the output storage values are estimated, and the confidence levels are compressed. The output storage values and the compressed confidence levels are transferred from the memory cells over an interface to a memory controller.

公开(公告)号：US20160117130A1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-28

申请号：US14987324

申请日：2016-01-04

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Uri Perlmutter ,  Dotan Sokolov ,  Ofir Shalvi ,  Oren Golov

IPC: G06F3/06

CPC classification number: G06F3/0638 ,  G06F3/0604 ,  G06F3/0679 ,  G06F11/1008 ,  G06F12/08

Abstract: A method for data storage includes storing data in a group of analog memory cells by writing respective input storage values to the memory cells in the group. After storing the data, respective output storage values are read from the analog memory cells in the group. Respective confidence levels of the output storage values are estimated, and the confidence levels are compressed. The output storage values and the compressed confidence levels are transferred from the memory cells over an interface to a memory controller.

Abstract translation: 一种用于数据存储的方法包括通过将相应的输入存储值写入组中的存储器单元来将数据存储在一组模拟存储器单元中。 在存储数据之后，从组中的模拟存储器单元读取相应的输出存储值。 估计输出存储值的相对置信水平，并且压缩置信水平。 输出存储值和压缩置信水平通过接口从存储器单元传送到存储器控制器。

公开(公告)号：US09317461B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-19

申请号：US14452743

申请日：2014-08-06

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Dotan Sokolov ,  Barak Rotbard

IPC: G06F12/02 ,  G06F13/28 ,  G11C16/10

CPC classification number: G06F13/28 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F2212/1041 ,  G06F2212/7201 ,  G06F2212/7203 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  G06F2212/7211 ,  G11C16/10 ,  Y02D10/13 ,  Y02D10/14

Abstract: A method for data storage includes, in a system that includes a host having a host memory and a memory controller that is separate from the host and stores data for the host in a non-volatile memory including multiple analog memory cells, storing in the host memory information items relating to respective groups of the analog memory cells of the non-volatile memory. A command that causes the memory controller to access a given group of the analog memory cells is received from the host. In response to the command, a respective information item relating to the given group of the analog memory cells is retrieved from the host memory by the memory controller, and the given group of the analog memory cells is accessed using the retrieved information item.

Abstract translation: 一种用于数据存储的方法包括在包括具有主机存储器的主机和与主机分离的存储器控​​制器并且将主机存储在包括多个模拟存储器单元的非易失性存储器中的数据的主机的系统中，存储在主机中 与非易失性存储器的模拟存储单元的各组相关的存储器信息项。 从主机接收使存储器控制器访问给定组的模拟存储器单元的命令。 响应该命令，由存储器控制器从主机存储器检索与模拟存储器单元的给定组相关的相应信息项，并且使用检索到的信息项来访问给定的模拟存储单元组。