摘要:
A multicharged ions generating source that is easy to manufacture, excellent in controllability and maintainability, high in degree of ionization and large in beam intensity and a charged particle beam apparatus using the same are disclosed. The multicharged ions generating source includes an ion source electrode (3) comprising an electron source (4), a drift tube (5) that constitutes an ion trapping region and a collector (6), a superconducting magnet (11) for ion entrapment, an ion infeed means (20, 22), a first vacuum chamber (2) receiving the ion source electrode (3), a second vacuum chamber (10) receiving the superconducting magnet (11), and a vacuum pumping unit (15, 16) provided for each of the first and second vacuum chambers. The first and the second vacuum chambers (2) and (10) are made removable from each other, and only the ion source electrode (3) to be held at extremely high vacuum can be baked for degassing.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an ultra high strength cold-rolled steel sheet, comprising the step of continuously annealing a cold-rolled steel sheet consisting essentially of, in terms of weight percentages, 0.07 to 0.15% C, 0.7 to 2% Si, 1.8 to 3% Mn, 0.02% or less P, 0.01% or less S, 0.01 to 0.1% Sol. Al, 0.005% or less N, 0.0003 to 0.003% B, and the balance being Fe, in which such continuous annealing comprises the steps of: heating the cold-rolled steel sheet at from 800° C. to 870° C. for 10 seconds or more; slowly cooling the heated steel sheet down to from 650° C. to 750° C.; rapidly cooling the slowly cooled steel sheet down to 100° C. or less at a cooling speed of over 500° C./sec; reheating the rapidly cooled steel sheet at from 325° C. to 425° C. for from 5 minutes to 20 minutes; cooling the reheated steel sheet down to room temperature; and coiling the cooled steel sheet. According to the invention, the ultra high strength cold-rolled steel sheet, for use in a structural member of automobile, which has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more and is excellent in stretch-flangeability, ductility, and spot-weldability can be obtained.
摘要:
To provide a high carbon steel sheet having excellent hardenability and toughness, and low planar anisotropy of tensile properties affecting workability, and a method of producing the same.A high car steel sheet having chemical composition specified by JIS G 4051 (Carbon steels for machine structural use), JIS G 4401 (Carbon tool steels) or JIS G 4802 (Cold-rolled steel strips for springs), wherein more than 50 carbides having a diameter of 1.5 μm or larger exist in 2500 μm2, the ratio of number of carbides having a diameter of 0.6 μm or less with respect to all the carbides is 80% or more, and the Δr is more than −0.15 to less than 0.15, herein Δr=(r0+r90−2×r45)/4, and r0, r45, and r90 shows a r-value of the directions of 0° (L), 45° (S) and 90° (C) with respect to the rolling direction respectively.
摘要翻译:提供具有优异的淬透性和韧性以及影响加工性的拉伸性能的低平面各向异性的高碳钢板及其制造方法。 具有JIS G 4051(机械结构用碳素钢),JIS G 4401(碳素工具钢)或JIS G 4802(弹簧用冷轧钢带)的化学成分的高级轿车钢板,其中,具有50个以上 直径为1.5μm或更大的直径为2500μm2,直径为0.6μm以下的碳化物相对于全部碳化物的比例为80%以上,Deltar为 大于-0.15至小于0.15,这里Deltar =(r0 + r90-2xr45)/ 4,r0,r45和r90表示0°(L),45°(S)和 相对于轧制方向为90°(℃)。
摘要:
The high carbon hot-rolled steel sheet contains, in terms of percentages of mass, 0.10 to 0.7% C, 2.0% or less Si, 0.20 to 2.0% Mn, 0.03% or less P, 0.03% or less S, 0.1% or less Sol.Al, 0.01% or less N, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and has a structure of ferrite having 6 μm or less average grain size and carbide having 0.10 μm or more and less than 1.2 μm of average grain size. The volume ratio of the carbide having 2.0 μm or more of grain size is 10% or less. The volume ratio of the ferrite containing no carbide is 5% or less. The manufacturing method thereof has the steps of hot-rolling, primary cooling, holding, coiling, acid washing, and annealing. The primary cooling step is to cool the hot-rolled steel sheet down to cooling termination temperatures ranging from 450° C. to 600° C. at cooling rates of higher than 120° C./sec. The holding step is to apply secondary cooling to hold the primarily cooled hot-rolled steel sheet at a temperature range from 450° C. to 650° C. until coiling.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a recording apparatus which enables an easy operation of attaching and detaching an ink cartridge and a stable conduction state between an electrical contact thereof and an electrical contact on the side of a carriage unit. The recording apparatus is provided with, in order to securely hold an ink cartridge on a carriage unit, a cover disposed on the carriage unit so as to be openable and closable and a spring-like member which causes an energizing force to act on the ink cartridge so that an electrical contact disposed on the ink cartridge is energized and kept in press-contact in a direction opposed to an electrical contact disposed on the carriage unit, and constructed so that, by closing the cover, the ink cartridge is securely held on the carriage unit and both the electrical contacts are conduction-connected.
摘要:
A method for detecting an active pixel in a sensor having a plurality of addressable pixels, comprising detecting a trigger event that causes a pixel to go active and setting a corresponding resettable latch from an initial unset logic state to a set logic state and establishing a time window during which another pixel which becomes active is assumed to originate from the same trigger event. For all pixels that become active within the time window a corresponding analog value of the pixel is sampled and held in response to a logic signal indicative of another pixel currently being active, and an incident time of the pixel going active is established. Each of the latches in the segment is sparsely read so as successively to identify latches which are in the set logic state each corresponding to an active pixel having a known address in the sensor segment. The known address of each active pixel is associated with the incident time of the pixel going active and the respective sampled and held analog value. The process is repeated respect of successive active pixels, after which the latches are reset.
摘要:
A method of operation for an injection molding machine is disclosed. The injection molding machine includes an injector having an advancable screw and a barrel cylinder, and a mold clamp for holding a mold with a controllable pressure and for allowing the mold to open a controllable amount. In performing the method, preset values are established for a stop position of the advancable screw, a clamping pressure of the mold clamp, and an opening amount for the mold. The screw is advanced up to the preset stop position and stopped thereat. The screw is controlled so as to ensure the location of the screw at the preset stop position for a preset time. Resin is injected from the barrel cylinder into the mold. The mold is clamped with the preset clamping pressure, during the preset time, by operating the mold clamp while maintaining the positioning of the screw at the preset stop position. Further, the mold clamp is operated to controllably allow for opening of the mold during the injecting step, so that the mold is allowed to open to the preset opening amount when the injecting step is completed.
摘要:
A disk nearly constant in recording density from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the disk, such as CLV and M-CAV format, is rotated at a constant angular velocity to read out information, and the information being read in at a varying read transfer speed depending on the position on the disk from the optical pickup is stored once in a buffer memory. The information stored in the buffer memory is sent out at a constant send transfer speed. When reproducing from a disk-shaped recording medium nearly constant in recording density in the inner and outer circumference, the disk information is read at a constant rotating angular velocity, and the information varying in read transfer speed depending on the disk position is outputted at a constant send transfer speed suited to the reproduction of information such as voice and picture. The host computer or the like for controlling the apparatus is not required to distinguish the type of medium or recording format, or perform processing such as control of the transfer speed. Furthermore, when outputting the stored information, means for setting the send transfer speed by an external device or switch inside the apparatus is provided. By this means, the information can be reproduced at a transfer speed suited to the content of the information being handled.
摘要:
A mold clamping apparatus for injection molding machines includes a stationary plate 2 for supporting a stationary mold Cc; a moving plate 6 for supporting a moving mold Cm; a plurality of parallel tie bars 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d of which end portions are secured to the stationary plate 2; a plurality of different cylinders 4a-4d . . . which accommodate piston sections 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d set at the middle of each tie bar, and arranged movably along the tie bars and integrally with the movable plate; and a hydraulic circuit 7 capable of selective feeding of pressurized oil to the oil chambers of the cylinders. The piston sections of different cylinders are formed in different diameters and all portions of all tie bars are formed in the same diameter.
摘要:
A control system for a four-wheel drive vehicle includes a center differential provided between a front shaft and a rear shaft. The control system also includes a device for restricting a differential between the front shaft and the rear shaft by operating the center differential to be in a locking condition and a controller for controlling the differential restricting device so that a differential restricting force is increased based on an increase in an engine output. The differential restricting force is decreased based on an increase in a vehicle body speed.