Abstract:
A memory module comprising a non-volatile cell array and a re-mapper. A page map table is stored in the non-volatile cell array, and includes mappings of old page addresses to new page addresses. The re-mapper is configured to direct memory operations referencing an old page address to the new page address that the old page address is mapped to. The mappings are created when a memory cell is determined to be in a failure state.
Abstract:
Aspects include computing devices, systems, and methods for reorganizing the storage of data in memory to energize less than all of the memory devices of a memory module for read or write transactions. The memory devices may be connected to individual select lines such that a re-order logic may determine the memory devices to energize for a transaction according to a re-ordered memory map. The re-order logic may re-order memory addresses such that memory address provided by a processor for a transaction are converted to the re-ordered memory address according to the re-ordered memory map without the processor having to change its memory address scheme. The re-ordered memory map may provide for reduced energy consumption by the memory devices, or a balance of energy consumption and performance speed for latency tolerant processes.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit package is disclosed that includes a first-pitch die and a second-pitch die. The second-pitch die interconnects to the second-pitch substrate through second-pitch substrates. The first-pitch die interconnects through first-pitch interconnects to an interposer adapter. The pitch of the first-pitch interconnects is too fine for the second-pitch substrate. But the interposer adapter interconnects through second-pitch interconnects to the second-pitch substrate and includes through substrate vias so that I/O signaling between the first-pitch die and the second-pitch die can be conducted through the second-pitch substrate and through the through substrate vias in the interposer adapter.
Abstract:
Disclosed are techniques for generating a parity check matrix representing an error correcting code (ECC) for protecting a plurality of bits of a message. In an aspect, a method includes initializing a matrix M to store selected three-bit codes, selecting a first three-bit code from a set L of three-bit combinations of a number of bits n of the ECC that minimizes a sum of squared row weights of each row of the matrix M, comparing the first three-bit code with each of a plurality of error syndromes, and calculating, based on no comparison of the first three-bit code with each of the plurality of error syndromes, new error syndromes and storing the new error syndromes, wherein the new error syndromes are calculated by comparing the first three-bit code with each three-bit code in the matrix M, and storing the first three-bit code in the matrix M.
Abstract:
Errors can be introduced when data is transferred over a link between two entities such as between a host and a memory. Link error protection schemes can be implemented to detect and correct errors that occur on the link to enhance transmission reliability. However, these benefits are not without costs since such protection schemes increase both latency and power consumption. In one or more aspects, it is proposed to dynamically adjust the level of link error protection applied to match any change in the operating environment. For example, likelihood of link errors strongly correlates with the link speed. If the link speed is increased, a greater level of link error protection can be applied to counteract the increase in the link errors. If the link speed is decreased, the level of protection can be decreased so that latency and power consumption penalties can be minimized.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses for improve data clock to reduce power consumption are presented. The apparatus includes a memory configured to receive a data clock from a host via a link and to synchronize the data clock with the host. The memory includes a clock tree buffer configured to toggle based on the data clock to capture write data or to output read data and a command decoder configured to detect a data clock suspend command while the data clock is synchronized between the host and the memory. The clock tree buffer is configured to disable toggling based on the data clock in response to the command decoder detecting the data clock suspend command. the host includes a memory controller configured to provide a data clock suspend command to the memory via the link while the data clock is synchronized between the host and the memory.
Abstract:
Pipelined logic latency in a memory system operating at a reduced frequency may be compensated for. Pipelined logic may be controlled using at least first and second clock signals. All registers of the pipelined logic may be controlled using the first clock signal when the memory system is operating at a higher frequency. However, when the memory system is operating at a reduced frequency, one or more registers may be controlled using the first clock signal, and one or more other registers may be controlled using the second clock signal.
Abstract:
In a conventional memory subsystem, a memory controller issues explicit refresh commands to a DRAM memory device to maintain integrity of the data stored in the memory device when the memory device is in an auto-refresh mode. A significant amount of power may be consumed to carry out the refresh. To address this and other issues, it is proposed to allow a partial refresh in the auto-refresh mode in which the refreshing operation may be skipped for a subset of the memory cells. Through such selective refresh skipping, the power consumed for auto-refreshes may be reduced. Operating system kernels and memory drivers may be configured to determine areas of memory for which the refreshing operation can be skipped.
Abstract:
Power saving techniques for memory systems are disclosed. In particular, exemplary aspects of the present disclosure contemplate taking advantage of patterns that may exist within memory elements and eliminating duplicative data transfers. Specifically, if data is repetitive, instead of sending the same data repeatedly, the data may be sent only a single time with instructions that cause the data to be replicated at a receiving end to restore the data to its original repeated state.
Abstract:
An enhanced multi chip package (eMCP) is provided including a unified memory controller. The UMC is configured to manage different types of memory, such as NAND flash memory and DRAM on the eMCP. The UMC provides storage memory management, DRAM management, DRAM accessibility for storage memory management, and storage memory accessibility for DRAM management. The UMC also facilitates direct data copying from DRAM to storage memory and vice versa. The direct copying may be initiated by the UMC without interaction from a host, or may be initiated by a host.