摘要:
Improvements in critical current capacity for superconducting film structures are disclosed and include the use of, e.g., multilayer high temperature barium-copper oxide structures where individual high temperature barium-copper oxide layers are separated by a thin layer of a metal oxide material such as CeO2 and the like.
摘要:
Materials, including metals such as bulk metals, specialty alloys, metallic films and coatings, are made up of many tiny single crystals, which may also be referred to as grains. The boundaries between crystals are called grain boundaries and govern properties such as mechanical strength, deformation, and electrical resistivity. These properties are affected by not only the number of grain boundaries formed, but also the density and orientation of those grain boundaries. Twin boundaries are a special type of grain boundary which have symmetrical “mirror image” structures and preserve favorable qualities of grain boundaries while suppressing unfavorable properties such as the initiation of cracks, inclusions, and other unwanted flaws. Some metals and alloys form twins more easily than others during processing. Metals with low stacking fault energy (SFE) such as austenitic stainless steel, copper (Cu), and silver (Ag) form twin boundaries more easily than metals with high SFE such as Magnesium (Mg) and Aluminum (Al).
摘要:
The invention provides novel compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and A are as described herein, compositions including the compounds and methods of using the compounds.
摘要:
A driver circuit for driving an LED includes a rectifier circuit to receive AC voltage and to convert the AC voltage to DC voltage. The driver circuit further includes a filter circuit for filtering the DC voltage. The driver circuit further includes a detection circuit for determining a change in the filtered DC voltage over a predetermined time interval. The driver circuit further includes a dampening circuit for dampening the filtered DC voltage responsive to the detection circuit determining that the change in filtered DC voltage over the predetermined time interval exceeds a predetermined threshold.
摘要:
A process for removing a refractory nitrogen compound from a hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil feed includes contacting the hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil feed comprising the nitrogen compound with a VGO-immiscible phosphonium ionic liquid to produce a hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil and VGO-immiscible phosphonium ionic liquid mixture, and separating the mixture to produce a hydroprocessed vacuum gas oil effluent having a reduced refractory nitrogen compound content relative to the vacuum gas oil feed.
摘要:
The invention provides novel compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and A are as described herein, compositions including the compounds and methods of using the compounds.
摘要:
The present invention discloses novel compounds which have HCV protease inhibitory activity as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds as well as methods of using them to treat disorders associated with the HCV protease.
摘要:
The present invention discloses novel compounds which have HCV protease inhibitory activity as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds as well as methods of using them to treat disorders associated with the HCV protease.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for preparing chiral compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein: X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are independently F or Cl; and E is --SO.sub.2 R.sup.2, wherein R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.sub.3 or --CF.sub.3 ; its enantiomer and racemates thereof, useful in the synthesis of tetrahydrofuran azole antifungals. Novel compounds of the formula ##STR2## wherein: X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are independently F or Cl; B represents --C(O)Q* or --CH.sub.2 OR"; Q* represents a chiral auxiliary group; R" represents a hydroxy protecting group selected from --CH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5, or --C(O)R.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; and A represents Cl, Br, I or triazolyl; are also disclosed.
摘要翻译:公开了制备式(I)的手性化合物(I)的方法,其中:X 1和X 2独立地是F或Cl; 并且E是-SO 2 R 2,其中R 2是C 1 -C 6烷基,-C 6 H 4 CH 3或-CF 3; 其对映体和外消旋体,可用于四氢呋喃唑类抗真菌剂的合成。 新颖的式(III)化合物或其成分:其中:X 1和X 2独立地为F或Cl; B表示-C(O)Q *或-CH 2 OR“; Q *表示手性辅助基团; R“表示选自-CH 2 C 6 H 5或-C(O)R 1的羟基保护基,其中R 1是C 1 -C 6烷基; A表示Cl,Br,I或三唑基; 也被披露。