摘要:
Provided is a light-emitting element including a semiconductor substrate, an island structure formed on the semiconductor substrate and including at least a current confining layer and p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, a light-emitting thyristor formed in the island structure and having a pnpn structure, and a shift thyristor formed in the island structure and having a pnpn structure, wherein the island structure includes a first side surface having a first depth such that the first side surface does not reach the current confining layer in a formation region of the shift thyristor and a second side surface having a second depth such that the second side surface reaches at least the current confining layer in a formation region of the light-emitting thyristor, and an oxidized region selectively oxidized from the second side surface is formed in the current confining layer in the formation region of the light-emitting thyristor.
摘要:
An automatic door sensor includes: at least one sensor module unit (sensor module 11) configured to detect optically an object or a human body and to output, according to the detection results, a signal to a door controller for controlling an automatic door to open/close; an accommodation unit (profile 12) capable of accommodating the at least one sensor module unit; a cover member (front cover 13) that is transmissive to light for use for the detection performed by the sensor module unit and configured to cover the accommodation unit in which the sensor module unit is accommodated; and a functionality expansion module (LED module 14) either side of which can be joined to the cover member and that is configured to expand functionalities of the automatic door sensor by performing communication with the sensor module unit.
摘要:
A semiconductor laser that includes: a substrate; a first semiconductor multilayer reflector of a first conductive type formed on the substrate; an active region formed on the first semiconductor multilayer reflector; a second semiconductor multilayer reflector of a second conductive type formed on the active region; and an intermediate semiconductor layer of a first conductive type or a second conductive type formed under the first semiconductor multilayer reflector or above the second semiconductor multilayer reflector. An oxidized region formed by oxidizing a part of the intermediate semiconductor layer and an un-oxidized region contacting with the oxidized region are formed in the intermediate semiconductor layer, the un-oxidized region is electrically connected to the first or second semiconductor multilayer reflector, and a beam generated in the active region is reflected at a boundary between the oxidized region and the un-oxidized region to a direction parallel to a principal surface of the substrate, and is emitted from a side surface of the intermediate semiconductor layer.
摘要:
A measuring method that includes holding a specimen to be measured on a flat-plate periodic structure, applying a linearly-polarized electromagnetic wave to the flat-plate periodic structure, detecting the electromagnetic wave scattered forward or backward by the flat-plate periodic structure, and measuring characteristics of the specimen on the basis of a phenomenon that a dip waveform appearing in a frequency characteristic of the forward-scattered electromagnetic wave or a peak waveform appearing in a frequency characteristic of the backward-scattered electromagnetic wave is changed with the presence of the specimen. The flat-plate periodic structure is a flat-plate structure in which at least two voids penetrating through the structure in a direction perpendicular to a principal surface thereof are periodically arrayed in at least one direction on the principal surface, and the electromagnetic wave is applied to the principal surface of the flat-plate periodic structure from the direction perpendicular to the principal surface.
摘要:
A wiper apparatus includes: a wiper blade driven by a first motor; and a wiper blade driven by a second motor. The motors are drive-controlled by control microcomputers, respectively. The control microcomputers are connected to each other through a communication line. While exchanging position information of the wiper blades through the communication line, the control microcomputers synchronously drive the motors on the basis of a position relationship between both of the wiper blades. When an abnormality occurs in a communication state of an in-vehicle LAN, a setting state of a wiper switch is grasped through a switch signal line directly connected to the wiper switch, and wipers are prevented from being stopped when such communication abnormality occurs.
摘要:
A method of attaching an object to be measured to a structure causing a diffraction phenomenon; irradiating the structure to which the object to be measured is attached and which causes the diffraction phenomenon with an electromagnetic wave; detecting the electromagnetic wave scattered by the structure causing the diffraction phenomenon; and measuring a characteristic of the object to be measured from the frequency characteristic of the detected electromagnetic wave. The object to be measured is attached directly to the surface of the structure causing the diffraction phenomenon. Thus, the method for measuring the characteristic of an object to be measured exhibits an improved measurement sensitivity and high reproducibility. A structure causing a diffraction phenomenon and used for the method, and a measuring device are provided.
摘要:
A piezoelectric transformer type high-voltage power source apparatus to control an output voltage from a piezoelectric transformer to a load, and an image forming apparatus including the same, the piezoelectric transformer type high-voltage power source apparatus including: an output voltage detection unit to compare the output voltage with an output control voltage, and to output a digital value according to the comparison; and a driving control unit to control a driving frequency and a duty rate of the piezoelectric transformer according to the digital value. Accordingly, the piezoelectric transformer type high-voltage power source apparatus can stably perform frequency and duty rate control without experiencing an abnormal oscillation or uncontrollable state due to a manufacturing irregularity of particular components and/or a change in temperature, and a high voltage can be output within a short rise time.
摘要:
A steering wheel in which a load exerted on an elastic member constituting a dynamic damper can be reduced, the life of the dynamic damper can be extended, and the assembly operation is readily performed. The steering wheel according to the present invention has a first horn plate (11), a second horn plate (21), guide pins (12), stoppers (13), bushes (14), elastic members (15), and coil springs (16); the bushes (14) are divided into first bushes (141) which have first flanges (14a), openings (14b), columnar parts (14c); and recessed parts (14d), and second bushes (142) which have second flanges (14e), openings (14f), and casings (14h); and the columnar parts (14c) are configured so as to be in contact with the second flanges (14e).
摘要:
A VCSEL includes a first conductivity-type first semiconductor mirror layer on a substrate, an active region thereon, a second conductivity-type second semiconductor mirror layer thereon, and a current confining layer in proximity to the active region. A mesa structure is formed such that at least a side surface of the current confining layer is exposed. The current confining layer includes a first semiconductor layer having an Al-composition and a second semiconductor layer having an Al-composition and being formed nearer to the active region than the first semiconductor layer does. Al concentration of the first semiconductor layer is higher than that of the second semiconductor layer. When oscillation wavelength of laser light is λ, optical thickness being sum of the thickness of the first and second semiconductor layers is λ/4. The first and second semiconductor layers are selectively oxidized from the side surface of the mesa structure.