公开(公告)号：US5508197A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-16

申请号：US279412

申请日：1994-07-25

申请人： Anthony D. A. Hansen ,  Joseph M. Jaklevic

发明人： Anthony D. A. Hansen ,  Joseph M. Jaklevic

IPC分类号： B01L7/00 ,  C12M1/38 ,  C12M1/36

CPC分类号： B01L7/52 ,  B01L2300/0893 ,  Y10S435/809

摘要： A thermal cycling system and method of use are described. The thermal cycling system is based on the-circulation of temperature-controlled water directly to the underside of thin-walled polycarbonate microtiter plates. The water flow is selected from a manifold fed by pumps from heated reservoirs. The plate wells are loaded with typically 15-20 .mu.l of reagent mix for the PCR process. Heat transfer through the thin polycarbonate is sufficiently rapid that the contents reach thermal equilibrium with the water in less than 15 seconds. Complete PCR amplification runs of 40 three-step cycles have been performed in as little as 14.5 minutes, with the results showing substantially enhanced specificity compared to conventional technology requiring run times in excess of 100 minutes. The plate clamping station is designed to be amenable to robotic loading and unloading of the system. It includes a heated lid, thus eliminating the need for mineral oil overlay of the reactants. The present system includes three or more plate holder stations, fed from common reservoirs but operating with independent switching cycles. The system can be modularly expanded.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种热循环系统和使用方法。 热循环系统基于将温度控制的水直接循环到薄壁聚碳酸酯微量滴定板的底部。 水流从加热储存器的泵供给的歧管中选择。 加载平板孔通常用于PCR过程的15-20μl试剂混合物。 通过薄聚碳酸酯的热传递足够快，使得内容物在少于15秒内与水达到热平衡。 在短短14.5分钟内进行了40个三步循环的完全PCR扩增，结果显示出与需要超过100分钟的运行时间的常规技术相比，显着提高了特异性。 夹板站设计为适合于系统的机器人装载和卸载。 它包括加热盖，因此不需要反应物的矿物油覆盖。 本系统包括三个或更多个板夹持器站，其由公共储存器供给，但是以独立的开关周期运行。 该系统可以模块化地扩展。

公开(公告)号：US5373443A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-13

申请号：US132408

申请日：1993-10-06

申请人： Ki H. Lee ,  Gan Q. Xie

发明人： Ki H. Lee ,  Gan Q. Xie

IPC分类号： G01V3/30 ,  G01V3/08 ,  G01V3/18

CPC分类号： G01V3/30

摘要： A method for imaging with low frequency electromagnetic fields, and for interpreting the electromagnetic data using ray tomography, in order to determine the earth conductivity with high accuracy and resolution. The imaging method includes the steps of placing one or more transmitters, at various positions in a plurality of transmitter holes, and placing a plurality of receivers in a plurality of receiver holes. The transmitters generate electromagnetic signals which diffuse through a medium, such as earth, toward the receivers. The measured diffusion field data H is then transformed into wavefield data U. The traveltimes corresponding to the wavefield data U, are then obtained, by charting the wavefield data U, using a different regularization parameter .alpha. for each transform. The desired property of the medium, such as conductivity, is then derived from the velocity, which in turn is constructed from the wavefield data U using ray tomography.

摘要翻译： 一种利用低频电磁场成像的方法，用于使用射线断层摄影解释电磁数据，以便以高精度和分辨率确定地电导率。 成像方法包括以下步骤：在多个发射器孔中的各个位置放置一个或多个发射器，并将多个接收器放置在多个接收器孔中。 发射机产生电磁信号，通过介质（如地球）向接收器扩散。 测量的扩散场数据H然后变换成波场数据U.然后，通过用每个变换的不同正则化参数α绘制波场数据U来获得对应于波场数据U的行程。 然后从速度导出介质的期望性质，例如导电性，速度又由使用射线层析成像的波场数据U构成。

公开(公告)号：US5277653A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-11

申请号：US757716

申请日：1991-09-11

申请人： Ashok J. Gadgil

发明人： Ashok J. Gadgil

IPC分类号： A62B17/00 ,  B08B15/02 ,  B08B15/00

CPC分类号： A62B17/006 ,  B08B15/02 ,  Y10S2/01

摘要： Apparatus for inhibiting the flow of contaminants in an exhaust enclosure toward an individual located adjacent an opening into the exhaust enclosure by providing a gas flow toward a source of contaminants from a position in front of an individual to urge said contaminants away from the individual toward a gas exit port. The apparatus comprises a gas mani-fold which may be worn by a person as a vest. The manifold has a series of gas outlets on a front face thereof facing away from the individual and toward the contaminants to thereby provide a flow of gas from the front of the individual toward the contaminants.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过从个体前面的位置提供朝向污染物源的气流来阻止排气罩中的污染物流向位于邻近排气罩的开口的个体的污染物的装置，以将所述污染物从个体朝向 出气口 该装置包括可由人作为背心佩戴的气体手套。 歧管在其前表面上具有一系列气体出口，其面向远离个体并且朝向污染物，从而从单体的前部向污染物提供气体流。

公开(公告)号：US5803593A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-08

申请号：US735990

申请日：1996-10-24

申请人： Michael J. Siminovitch ,  Erik Page ,  Carl T. Gould

发明人： Michael J. Siminovitch ,  Erik Page ,  Carl T. Gould

IPC分类号： F21V7/00 ,  F21V7/09 ,  F21V11/00 ,  H01J61/04 ,  H01J61/12 ,  H01J65/04 ,  F21V13/10

CPC分类号： F21V7/0025 ,  F21V11/00 ,  F21V7/0008 ,  F21V7/09 ,  H01J61/04 ,  H01J61/12 ,  H01J65/044 ,  F21Y2111/00

摘要： Disclosed herein is a reflector system for a lighting fixture having a illumination source surrounded by an envelope. The reflector system includes a first reflector surrounding the illumination source. The reflector system also includes a second reflector which is non-contiguous with the first reflector and which surrounds the illumination source. The illumination source creates light rays which are reflected by the first and second reflectors. The first reflector directs light rays toward the center line of the fixture. However, the reflected rays despite being so reflected do not substantially intersect the envelope. The reflected light rays from the second reflector being directed so that they diverge from the center line of the fixture avoiding intersection with the semi-transparent envelope.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于照明器具的反射器系统，其具有被封套包围的照明源。 反射器系统包括围绕照明源的第一反射器。 反射器系统还包括与第一反射器不连续并且围绕照明源的第二反射器。 照明源产生被第一和第二反射器反射的光线。 第一反射器将光线引向固定装置的中心线。 然而，尽管被反射的反射光线基本上不与信封相交。 来自第二反射器的反射光线被引导使得它们从夹具的中心线发散，避免与半透明封套的相交。

公开(公告)号：US5671086A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-23

申请号：US423969

申请日：1995-04-18

申请人： Bahram A. Parvin ,  Marcos F. Maestre ,  Richard H. Fish ,  William E. Johnston

发明人： Bahram A. Parvin ,  Marcos F. Maestre ,  Richard H. Fish ,  William E. Johnston

IPC分类号： G01N27/447 ,  G01Q30/04 ,  G01Q30/08 ,  G02B21/26 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G02B21/00 ,  G02B21/36

CPC分类号： G02B21/26 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/44721

摘要： An apparatus using electrophoresis provides accurate manipulation of an object on a microscope stage for further manipulations add reactions. The present invention also provides an inexpensive and easily accessible means to move an object without damage to the object. A plurality of electrodes are coupled to the stage in an array whereby the electrode array allows for distinct manipulations of the electric field for accurate manipulations of the object. There is an electrode array control coupled to the plurality of electrodes for manipulating the electric field. In an alternative embodiment, a chamber is provided on the stage to hold the object. The plurality of electrodes are positioned in the chamber, and the chamber is filled with fluid. The system can be automated using visual servoing, which manipulates the control parameters, i.e., x, y stage, applying the field, etc., after extracting the significant features directly from image data. Visual servoing includes an imaging device and computer system to determine the location of the object. A second stage having a plurality of tubes positioned on top of the second stage, can be accurately positioned by visual servoing so that one end of one of the plurality of tubes surrounds at least part of the object on the first stage.

摘要翻译： 使用电泳的装置提供对显微镜载物台上的物体的精确操作，以进一步操作添加反应。 本发明还提供了一种便宜且易于接近的手段来移动物体而不损坏物体。 多个电极以阵列耦合到平台，由此电极阵列允许电场的不同操纵以精确地操纵物体。 耦合到多个电极的电极阵列控制用于操纵电场。 在替代实施例中，在台架上设置一个室以保持物体。 多个电极定位在腔室中，并且腔室中充满流体。 该系统可以使用视觉伺服自动化，其在从图像数据直接提取显着特征之后操纵控制参数，即x，y级，应用场等。 视觉伺服包括成像装置和计算机系统来确定物体的位置。 可以通过视觉伺服来精确地定位具有位于第二台顶部的多个管的第二台，使得多个管中的一个管的一端围绕第一台上的物体的至少一部分。

公开(公告)号：US5596198A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-21

申请号：US231149

申请日：1994-04-22

申请人： Victor Perez-Mendez

发明人： Victor Perez-Mendez

IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/202

CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 ,  A61B6/4258

摘要： A gamma ray camera for detecting rays emanating from a radiation source such as an isotope. The gamma ray camera includes a sensor array formed of a visible light crystal for converting incident gamma rays to a plurality of corresponding visible light photons, and a photosensor array responsive to the visible light photons in order to form an electronic image of the radiation therefrom. The photosensor array is adapted to record an integrated amount of charge proportional to the incident gamma rays closest to it, and includes a transparent metallic layer, photodiode consisting of a p-i-n structure formed on one side of the transparent metallic layer, and comprising an upper p-type layer, an intermediate layer and a lower n-type layer. In the preferred mode, the scintillator crystal is composed essentially of a cesium iodide (CsI) crystal preferably doped with a predetermined amount impurity, and the p-type upper intermediate layers and said n-type layer are essentially composed of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). The gamma ray camera further includes a collimator interposed between the radiation source and the sensor array, and a readout circuit formed on one side of the photosensor array.

摘要翻译： 用于检测从诸如同位素的辐射源发出的光线的伽马射线照相机。 伽马射线照相机包括由可见光晶体形成的传感器阵列，用于将入射的伽马射线转换成多个相应的可见光光子，以及响应于可见光光子的光电传感器阵列，以形成其辐射的电子图像。 光传感器阵列适于记录与其最接近的入射伽马射线成比例的积分的电荷量，并且包括透明金属层，由形成在透明金属层的一侧上的引脚结构组成的光电二极管，并且包括上p 型层，中间层和下n型层。 在优选模式中，闪烁体晶体主要由碘化铯（CsI）晶体组成，优选掺杂有预定量的杂质，p型上中间层和所述n型层基本上由氢化非晶硅（a -Si：H）。 伽马射线照相机还包括插入在辐射源和传感器阵列之间的准直器，以及形成在光传感器阵列的一侧上的读出电路。

公开(公告)号：US5587226A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-24

申请号：US10108

申请日：1993-01-28

申请人： Ka-Ngo Leung ,  Russell P. Wells ,  Glen E. Craven

发明人： Ka-Ngo Leung ,  Russell P. Wells ,  Glen E. Craven

IPC分类号： H05H1/46 ,  B32B9/00

CPC分类号： H05H1/46 ,  Y10T428/24926 ,  Y10T428/31714

摘要： A new porcelain-enamel coated antenna creates a clean plasma for volume or surface-conversion ion sources. The porcelain-enamel coating is hard, electrically insulating, long lasting, non fragile, and resistant to puncture by high energy ions in the plasma. Plasma and ion production using the porcelain enamel coated antenna is uncontaminated with filament or extraneous metal ion because the porcelain does not evaporate and is not sputtered into the plasma during operation.Ion beams produced using the new porcelain-enamel coated antenna are useful in ion implantation, high energy accelerators, negative, positive, or neutral beam applications, fusion, and treatment of chemical or radioactive waste for disposal. For ion implantation, the appropriate species ion beam generated with the inventive antenna will penetrate large or small, irregularly shaped conducting objects with a narrow implantation profile.

摘要翻译： 一种新的瓷釉涂层天线为体积或表面转换离子源创造了一个干净的等离子体。 瓷搪瓷涂层硬质，电绝缘，持久耐用，不易碎，耐高压离子等离子体刺穿。 使用瓷釉涂层天线的等离子体和离子生产不受细丝或外来金属离子污染，因为瓷器在操作期间不蒸发并且不溅射到等离子体中。 使用新的瓷搪瓷涂层天线产生的离子束可用于离子注入，高能量加速器，负极，正极或中性束应用，熔化和处理化学或放射性废物进行处置。 对于离子注入，用本发明的天线产生的合适的物质离子束将穿透具有窄注入轮廓的大或小的不规则形状的导电物体。

公开(公告)号：US5528364A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-18

申请号：US277404

申请日：1994-07-19

申请人： Masako Koike

发明人： Masako Koike

IPC分类号： G01J3/18 ,  G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G02B6/2931 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G02B6/29313

摘要： This invention is related to a monochromator which employs a spherical mirror, a traveling plane mirror with simultaneous rotation, and a varied spacing plane grating. The divergent beam from the entrance slit is converged by the spherical mirror located at the various positions in the monochromator depending of the inventive system. To provide the meaningful diffraction efficiencies and to reduce unwanted higher order lights, the deviation angle subtending the incidence and diffraction beams for the plane grating is varied with the position of the traveling plane mirror with simultaneous rotation located in the front or back of the plane grating with wavelength scanning. The outgoing beam from the monochromator goes through the fixed exit slit and has same beam direction regardless of the scanning wavelength. The combination of properly designed motions of the plane mirror and novel varied-spacing parameters of the inventive plane grating corrects the aberrations and focuses the monochromatic spectral image on the exit slit, enabling measurements at high spectral resolution.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及采用球面镜，同时旋转的行进平面镜和不同间隔平面光栅的单色仪。 根据本发明的系统，来自入口狭缝的发散光束由位于单色仪中的各个位置处的球镜聚光。 为了提供有意义的衍射效率并且减少不期望的高阶光，对准平面光栅的入射和衍射光束的偏差角随着位于平面光栅的前面或后面的同时旋转的行进平面镜的位置而变化 与波长扫描。 来自单色仪的输出光束经过固定出射狭缝，并且与扫描波长无关，具有相同的光束方向。 平面镜的适当设计的运动和本发明平面光栅的新颖的变化间距参数的组合校正像差并将单色光谱图像聚焦在出射狭缝上，使得能够以高光谱分辨率进行测量。

公开(公告)号：US5522930A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-04

申请号：US333980

申请日：1994-11-04

申请人： Mark P. Modera ,  Francois R. Carrie

发明人： Mark P. Modera ,  Francois R. Carrie

IPC分类号： B05D1/02 ,  B05B7/00 ,  B05B7/14 ,  B05B7/16 ,  B05B13/06 ,  B05C7/02 ,  B05D1/12 ,  B05D7/22 ,  F16L55/164

CPC分类号： F16L55/164 ,  B05B7/0075 ,  B05B7/14 ,  B05B7/1686 ,  B05D7/22 ,  Y10S118/10

摘要： The invention is a method and device for sealing leaks remotely by means of injecting a previously prepared aerosol into the enclosure being sealed. Specifically the invention is a method and device for preparing, transporting, and depositing and solid phase aerosol to the interior surface of the enclosure.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于通过将预先制备的气溶胶注入到被密封的外壳中来远程地密封泄漏的方法和装置。 具体地说，本发明是一种用于制备，运输和沉积固相气溶胶到外壳内表面的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US5517084A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

申请号：US280273

申请日：1994-07-26

申请人： Ka-Ngo Leung

发明人： Ka-Ngo Leung

IPC分类号： H01J27/18 ,  H05H1/46

CPC分类号： H01J27/18 ,  H05H1/46 ,  H01J2237/08 ,  H01J2237/31701

摘要： A ion source is described wherein selected ions maybe extracted to the exclusion of unwanted ion species of higher ionization potential. Also described is a method of producing selected ions from a compound, such as P.sup.+ from PH.sub.3. The invention comprises a plasma chamber, an electron source, a means for introducing a gas to be ionized by electrons from the electron source, means for limiting electron energy from the electron source to a value between the ionization energy of the selected ion species and the greater ionization energy of an unwanted ion specie, and means for extracting the target ion specie from the plasma chamber. In one embodiment, the electrons are generated in a plasma cathode chamber immediately adjacent to the plasma chamber. A small extractor draws the electrons from the plasma cathode chamber into the relatively positive plasma chamber. The energy of the electrons extracted in this manner is easily controlled. The invention is particularly useful for doping silicon with P.sup.+, AS.sup.+, and B.sup.+ without the problematic presence of hydrogen, helium, water, or carbon oxide ions. Doped silicon is important for manufacture of semiconductors and semiconductor devices.

摘要翻译： 描述了离子源，其中选择的离子可以被提取以排除具有较高电离电位的不需要的离子种类。 还描述了从化合物（例如PH 3中的P +）产生选定离子的方法。 本发明包括等离子体室，电子源，用于引入由电子源电子离子化的气体的装置，用于将来自电子源的电子能量限制到所选离子物质的离子化能和 不需要的离子物质的更大的电离能，以及用于从等离子体室提取目标离子物质的装置。 在一个实施例中，电子在紧邻等离子体室的等离子体阴极室中产生。 小提取器将电子从等离子体阴极室吸入相对正的等离子体室。 以这种方式提取的电子的能量容易控制。 本发明特别适用于用P +，AS +和B +掺杂硅，而没有氢，氦，水或碳氧化物离子存在问题。 掺杂硅对半导体和半导体器件的制造很重要。