Abstract:
This process applies to effluents from syntheses of the Fischer-Tropsch type; it comprises several treatments applied to the three cuts obtained from these effluents, i.e. a "light fraction", a "light oil" and a "decanted oil". These treatments comprise such steps as distillation, polymerization, alkylation, hydrotreatment, cracking-decarboxylation, isomerization and hydro reforming. The products are mainly gasoline, kerosene and gasoil.
Abstract:
Process for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon cut, boiling above 200.degree. C under atmospheric pressure, comprising passing said cut successively over two catalysts, each of which contains an alumina carrier, (a) at least one molybdenum and/or tungsten compound and (b) at least one nickel and/or cobalt compound, the ratio b/a expressed in gram-atoms of metals, being from 1.5:1 to 10:1 for the first catalyst and from 0.1:1 to 1:1 for the second catalyst and the alumina carrier of the first catalyst having a heat of neutralization by ammonia absorption lower than 10 calories per gram under an ammonia pressure of 300 mmHg.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a process for purification by elimination of chlorine in the form of hydrogen chloride and organochlorine compounds by contacting in the presence of hydrogen of at least a part of the effluent from a reforming, aromatics production, dehydrogenation, isomerisation or hydrogenation zone, said part of the effluent comprising olefins, hydrogen chloride and organochlorine compounds, on an elimination zone comprising a chain arrangement of two masses, the first mass being a mass comprising at least one metal from group VIII deposited on a mineral carrier and the second mass being a hydrogen chloride adsorbent.
Abstract:
Process mainly for the production of high-quality kerosene and diesel fuels and for the coproduction of hydrogen from a so-called light naphtha cut to which any quantity of LPG cut can be added, employing the following successive stages: dehydrogenation of the paraffins, oligomerization of the olefins and hydrogenation of the oligomerized olefins, the process permitting the production of kerosene and diesel fuels meeting market specifications, or even improved relative to the latter.
Abstract:
A process for producing a gasoline with a low sulphur content comprises: separating a sulphur-containing gasoline into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, hydrodesulphurising the light gasoline on a nickel-based catalyst, hydrodesulphurising the heavy fraction on a catalyst comprising at least one group VIII metal and/or at least one group VIB metal, and mixing the desulphurised fractions.
Abstract:
A process for processing a feedstock comprising a major amount of olefinic hydrocarbons having 4 carbon atoms per molecule, including isobutene as well as but-1-ene and but-2-enes, wherein the process comprises processing said feedstock in a distillation zone associated with a hydroisomerization reaction zone located at least partly external to the distillation zone, said processing comprising drawing at the height of a draw-off level of the distillation zone at least part of the liquid flowing in the distillation zone, passing said liquid into the external hydroisomerization reaction zone to form a hydroisomerized effluent, and reintroducing at least part of the effluent from said reaction zone reintroduced into the distillation zone at one or more reintroduction level(s), so as to ensure the continuity of the distillation.
Abstract:
The present invention concerns a plant for the conversion of an olefinic C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 cut to an alkyl-tertiobutylether or alkyl-tertioamylether and to propylene, by metathesis. The plant comprises four successive stages: (1) selective hydrogenation of the diolefins with simultaneous isomerisation of the alpha olefins to internal olefins; (2) etherification of the isoolefins; (3) elimination of oxygen-containing impurities; (4) metathesis of internal olefins with ethylene. Application to C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 steam cracking units.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing high purity isobutene from a hydrocarbon cut essentially comprising olefinic hydrocarbons containing 4 carbon atoms per molecule including isobutene, also butene-1 and butene-2 compounds in a ratio which substantially corresponds to the thermodynamic equilibrium. The process comprises passing the cut into a distillation zone (3) associated with a hydroisomerisation reaction zone, the bottom product of the distillation zone comprising butene-2 compounds being passed into a skeletal isomerisation zone (2) where the linear butenes are at least partially isomerised to isobutene, at least part of the principal effluent from the skeletal isomerisation zone being recycled upstream of the reactive distillation zone (3).
Abstract:
A process for treating a feed comprising C.sub.5.sup.+ hydrocarbons and comprising at least one unsaturated C.sub.6.sup.+ compound including benzene, is such that the feed is treated in a distillation zone, associated with a hydrogenation zone, comprising at least one catalytic bed, in which the hydrogenation is carried out of unsaturated C.sub.6.sup.+ compounds contained in the feed, and whereof a charge for the hydrogenation step is removed at the height of a removal level and represents at least part of the liquid flowing in the distillation zone, and the effluent from the hydrogenation reaction zone is at least in part reintroduced into the distillation zone to ensure continuity of the distillation operation, the effluents at the top and bottom on the distillation zone being very depleted of unsaturated C.sub.6.sup.+ compounds. The effluent drawn off from the top of the distillation zone is treated in a zone for the isomerisation of C.sub.5 and/or C.sub.6 paraffins.
Abstract:
In a process for the separation of p-xylene from a feed to be treated containing a mixture of xylenes and olefinic impurities, at least a portion of the feed is circulated in an enrichment zone (14) to enrich a first fraction (15) in p-xylene and provide a second fraction (18) which is depleted in p-xylene. The second fraction is circulated in an isomerisation zone (19) and an isomerate (20) is recovered which is recycled to the enrichment zone. At least a portion of the feed to be treated, the isomerate, or a mixture thereof is circulated in at least one selective hydrogenation zone (3) to partially remove the olefinic impurities and thereafter in at least one clay tretment zone (8) to remove additional olefinic impurities. An effluent is recovered which is sent to the enrichment zone.