公开(公告)号：US09716134B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-25

申请号：US15150285

申请日：2016-05-09

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Ching-Sang Chuang

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L23/552 ,  H01L27/12 ,  H01L29/786

CPC classification number: H01L27/3272 ,  H01L23/552 ,  H01L27/1218 ,  H01L27/3262 ,  H01L27/3276 ,  H01L29/78603 ,  H01L29/78606 ,  H01L29/78633 ,  H01L29/78666 ,  H01L29/78675 ,  H01L29/7869 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels. Each display pixel may have a light-emitting diode that emits light under control of a drive transistor. Each display pixel may also have control transistors for compensating and programming operations. The array of display pixels may have rows and columns. Row lines may be used to apply row control signals to rows of the display pixels. Column lines (data lines) may be used to apply display data and other signals to respective columns of display pixels. A bottom conductive shielding structure may be formed below each drive transistor. The bottom conductive shielding structure may serve to shield the drive transistor from any electric field generated from the adjacent row and column lines. The bottom conductive shielding structure may be electrically floating or coupled to a power supply line.

公开(公告)号：US09678371B2

公开(公告)日：2017-06-13

申请号：US14727721

申请日：2015-06-01

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Kwang Soon Park ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih Chang Chang

IPC: G02F1/13 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G11C19/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G3/3666 ,  G09G3/3677 ,  G09G2300/0408 ,  G09G2300/043 ,  G09G2300/08 ,  G09G2310/0286 ,  G09G2320/0223 ,  G09G2320/0233 ,  G11C19/00

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels controlled by display driver circuitry. The display driver circuitry may supply the pixels with data signals over data lines in columns of the pixels and may supply the pixels with gate line signals over gate lines in rows of the pixels. The display driver circuitry may have a display driver integrated circuit located on one of the edges of the display. The display driver circuitry may also have gate driver integrated circuits that extend along opposing edges of the display to form a pair of shift registers. Conductive lines in a display substrate may be coupled to opposing ends of the shift registers and to intermediate locations within the shift registers to minimize delays in distributing a gate high voltage signal from the display driver integrated circuit to the shift registers.

公开(公告)号：US09653029B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-16

申请号：US14558663

申请日：2014-12-02

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Szu-Hsien Lee ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Paul S. Drzaic

IPC: G09G3/36 ,  G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G09G3/3611 ,  G09G3/32 ,  G09G2310/04 ,  G09G2320/0247 ,  G09G2320/103 ,  G09G2340/0435

Abstract: This application relates to methods and apparatus for refreshing a display device at various frequencies. Specifically, multiple areas of the display device can be refreshed concurrently at different frequencies. In this way, when static content is being displayed in certain areas of the display device, those certain areas can be refreshed at a lower rate than areas displaying dynamic content such as video or animation. By refreshing at lower rates, the energy consumed by the display device and subsystems associated with the display device can be reduced. Additionally, processes for reducing flicker when refreshing the display device at different refresh rates are disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US20170025489A1

公开(公告)日：2017-01-26

申请号：US15168601

申请日：2016-05-31

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jae Won Choi ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Young Bae Park ,  ZhiFeng Zhan ,  Chieh-Wei Chen ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Paul S. Drzaic

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/52

CPC classification number: H01L27/3258 ,  H01L27/1248 ,  H01L27/3246 ,  H01L51/5253

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels formed from organic light-emitting diodes and thin-film transistor circuitry. A planarization layer may be interposed between the thin-film transistor circuitry and the organic light-emitting diodes. To protect the organic light-emitting diodes from photoactive compounds that may be outgassed from the planarization layer, an inorganic barrier layer may be interposed between the planarization layer and the organic light-emitting diodes. The inorganic barrier layer may be formed on top of and/or below a pixel definition layer that defines light-emitting zones for the organic light-emitting diodes. In another suitable arrangement, the inorganic barrier layer may itself define light-emitting zones and may be used in place of a polymer-based pixel definition layer. The inorganic barrier layer may include trenches in which the emissive material of the light-emitting diodes is formed.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有由有机发光二极管和薄膜晶体管电路形成的像素阵列。 平坦化层可以介于薄膜晶体管电路和有机发光二极管之间。 为了保护有机发光二极管免受可能从平坦化层脱气的光活性化合物，可以在平坦化层和有机发光二极管之间插入无机阻挡层。 无机阻挡层可以形成在限定有机发光二极管的发光区域的像素限定层的顶部和/或下方。 在另一合适的布置中，无机阻挡层本身可以限定发光区域，并且可以用来代替基于聚合物的像素限定层。 无机阻挡层可以包括其中形成发光二极管的发光材料的沟槽。

公开(公告)号：US20170004790A1

公开(公告)日：2017-01-05

申请号：US14862071

申请日：2015-09-22

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Rungrot Kitsomboonloha ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Kyung Wook Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Szu-Hsien Lee

IPC: G09G3/36 ,  G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G09G3/3674 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/3225 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G2300/0408 ,  G09G2310/0267 ,  G09G2310/0286 ,  G09G2310/0291

Abstract: A display is provided that includes an array of display pixels and gate driver circuitry for providing data and gate line signals to the display pixels. Gate driver circuitry may include gate driver circuits that generate the gate line signals. A gate driver circuit may include at least a buffer transistor, a bootstrapping capacitor coupled to the buffer transistor, a pulldown transistor coupled in series with the buffer transistor, and an isolation transistor coupled to the gate of the pulldown transistor. The buffer transistor may directly receive a first clock signal, whereas the isolation transistor may directly receive a second clock signal that is complementary to the first clock signal. The pulldown transistor is substantially larger than the buffer transistor. The buffer transistor is substantially larger than the isolation transistor. Configured as such, clock loading is minimized while the pulldown transistor is sized to provide the desired fall time performance.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种显示器，其包括用于向显示像素提供数据和栅极线信号的显示像素阵列和栅极驱动器电路。 栅极驱动器电路可以包括产生栅极线信号的栅极驱动器电路。 栅极驱动器电路可以包括至少缓冲晶体管，耦合到缓冲晶体管的自举电容器，与缓冲晶体管串联耦合的下拉晶体管，以及耦合到下拉晶体管的栅极的隔离晶体管。 缓冲晶体管可以直接接收第一时钟信号，而隔离晶体管可以直接接收与第一时钟信号互补的第二时钟信号。 下拉晶体管实质上大于缓冲晶体管。 缓冲晶体管基本上大于隔离晶体管。 如此配置，时钟负载最小化，而下拉晶体管的尺寸设置为提供所需的下降时间性能。

公开(公告)号：US09466018B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-11

申请号：US14699417

申请日：2015-04-29

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Kwang Soon Park ,  Ming-Chin Hung ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Ming-Yuh Hsu

IPC: H04Q5/22 ,  G06K19/077 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G06K7/10 ,  G02F1/1333

CPC classification number: G06K19/0772 ,  G02F1/13306 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G06K7/10198

Abstract: A display may have an active area surrounded by an inactive border area. The display may be a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. An upper polarizer may have a polarized central region that overlaps the active area of the display. The upper polarizer may also have an unpolarized portion in the inactive border area overlapping the border structures. The border structures may include colored material such as a white layer on the inner surface of the thin-film transistor layer. Binary information may be embedded into an array of programmable resonant circuits. The binary information may be a display identifier or other information associated with a display. The programmable resonant circuits may be tank circuits with adjustable capacitors, fuses, or other programmable components.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有被非活动边界区域包围的活动区域。 显示器可以是具有夹在滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间的液晶层的液晶显示器。 上偏振器可以具有与显示器的有效区域重叠的偏振中心区域。 上偏振器还可以在非边界区域中具有与边界结构重叠的非偏振部分。 边界结构可以在薄膜晶体管层的内表面上包括诸如白色层的着色材料。 二进制信息可嵌入到可编程谐振电路阵列中。 二进制信息可以是与显示器相关联的显示标识符或其他信息。 可编程谐振电路可以是具有可调电容器，保险丝或其他可编程元件的储能电路。

公开(公告)号：US20160293643A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US14678819

申请日：2015-04-03

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jungbae Kim ,  Kyung-Wook Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Ting-Kuo Chang ,  Ton-Yong Wang

IPC: H01L27/12 ,  H01L29/24 ,  H01L29/45 ,  G02F1/1345 ,  H01L29/66 ,  H01L21/265 ,  H01L29/49 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  H01L29/786 ,  H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/1248 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  H01L21/26513 ,  H01L27/1225 ,  H01L27/1229 ,  H01L27/1251 ,  H01L27/1259 ,  H01L27/3262 ,  H01L29/4908 ,  H01L29/4916 ,  H01L29/66757 ,  H01L29/66969 ,  H01L29/78675 ,  H01L29/7869

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels controlled by display driver circuitry. The pixels may have pixel circuits. In liquid crystal display configurations, each pixel circuit may have an electrode that applies electric fields to an associated portion of a liquid crystal layer. In organic light-emitting diode displays, each pixel circuit may have a drive transistor that applies current to an organic light-emitting diode in the pixel circuit. The pixel circuits and display driver circuitry may have thin-film transistor circuitry that includes transistor such as silicon transistors and semiconducting-oxide transistors. Semiconducting-oxide transistors and silicon transistors may be formed on a common substrate. Semiconducting-oxide transistors may have polysilicon layers with doped regions that serve as gates. Semiconducting-oxide channel regions overlap the gates. Transparent conductive oxide and metal may be used to form source-drain terminals that are coupled to opposing edges of the semiconducting oxide channel regions.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有由显示驱动器电路控制的像素阵列。 像素可以具有像素电路。 在液晶显示结构中，每个像素电路可以具有向液晶层的相关部分施加电场的电极。 在有机发光二极管显示器中，每个像素电路可以具有将像素电路中的有机发光二极管施加电流的驱动晶体管。 像素电路和显示驱动器电路可以具有包括诸如硅晶体管和半导体氧化物晶体管的晶体管的薄膜晶体管电路。 半导体氧化物晶体管和硅晶体管可以形成在公共衬底上。 半导体氧化物晶体管可以具有用作栅极的掺杂区域的多晶硅层。 半导体氧化物沟道区域与栅极重叠。 可以使用透明导电氧化物和金属来形成耦合到半导体氧化物沟道区的相对边缘的源极 - 漏极端子。

公开(公告)号：US20160293081A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US14677531

申请日：2015-04-02

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Rungrot Kitsomboonloha ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Szu-Hsien Lee

IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G06F3/044 ,  G06F3/042 ,  G06F3/041

CPC classification number: G06F3/0416 ,  G09G3/3677 ,  G09G2310/0202 ,  G09G2310/0218 ,  G09G2310/0267 ,  G09G2320/043

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels controlled by display driver circuitry. Gate driver circuitry supplies gate line signals to rows of the pixels. The gate driver circuitry may include blocks of gate driver circuits each having an output coupled to a respective one of the gate lines. The gate driver circuits of each block are coupled in a chain to form a shift register. Each block has a local block-level gate start pulse generator. The display driver circuitry has a display driver circuit that supplies a gate start pulse clock to each of the local block-level gate start pulse generators. The local block-level gate start pulse generators create gate start pulses that are applied to the first gate driver circuit in each shift register. The display driver circuit may delay the gate start pulse clock when it is desired to implement an intraframe pause.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有由显示驱动器电路控制的像素阵列。 栅极驱动器电路将栅极线信号提供给像素的行。 栅极驱动器电路可以包括栅极驱动器电路块，每个栅极驱动器电路具有耦合到相应的一条栅极线的输出。 每个块的栅极驱动器电路被耦合在链中以形成移位寄存器。 每个块具有本地块级门控起始脉冲发生器。 显示驱动器电路具有显示驱动器电路，其向每个本地块级门控起始脉冲发生器提供栅极起始脉冲时钟。 局部块电平门起始脉冲发生器产生施加到每个移位寄存器中的第一栅极驱动器电路的栅极起始脉冲。 当期望实现帧内暂停时，显示驱动器电路可以延迟门启动脉冲时钟。

公开(公告)号：US20160275845A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-22

申请号：US14687081

申请日：2015-04-15

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang

IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G09G3/2018 ,  G09G3/2003 ,  G09G3/2014 ,  G09G3/2081 ,  G09G3/3233 ,  G09G3/3258 ,  G09G3/3266 ,  G09G2300/0819 ,  G09G2300/0852 ,  G09G2300/0861 ,  G09G2310/0251 ,  G09G2310/0286 ,  G09G2310/08 ,  G09G2320/0626 ,  G09G2320/064 ,  G09G2320/0666

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns. Display driver circuitry may load data into the pixels via data lines that extend along the columns. The display driver circuitry may include gate driver circuitry that supplies horizontal control signals to rows of the pixels. The horizontal control signals may include emission enable signals for controlling emission enable transistors and scan signals for controlling switching transistors. During an emission phase of operation for the display, the emission enable signal may be pulse-width modulated by the emission control gate driver circuits in the gate driver circuitry to control the output of the light-emitting diodes. The emission control gate driver circuits may be controlled using an emission start signal and a pair of two-phase clocks.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有排列成行和列的像素阵列。 显示驱动器电路可以通过沿列延伸的数据线将数据加载到像素中。 显示驱动器电路可以包括将水平控制信号提供给像素行的栅极驱动器电路。 水平控制信号可以包括用于控制发射使能晶体管的发射使能信号和用于控制开关晶体管的扫描信号。 在显示器的操作的发光阶段期间，发光使能信号可以由栅极驱动器电路中的发光控制栅极驱动电路进行脉冲宽度调制，以控制发光二极管的输出。 可以使用发射开始信号和一对两相时钟来控制发射控制栅极驱动器电路。

公开(公告)号：US09429803B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-30

申请号：US14549309

申请日：2014-11-20

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Kwang Soon Park ,  Byung Duk Yang ,  Robin Huang ,  Shih Chang Chang

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  H01L27/12 ,  G02F1/1333

CPC classification number: G02F1/136209 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133553 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133357 ,  H01L27/1218 ,  H01L27/1222 ,  H01L27/1248

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor (TFT) layer and a color filter layer. The TFT layer may have a first substrate, a first black masking layer, a planarization layer, and a layer of TFT circuitry on the planarization layer. The color filter layer may have a second substrate and a second black masking layer on the second substrate. A portion of the inactive area may serve as a logo area for displaying desired information to the user. A reflective structure may be formed on the bottom surface of the planarization layer, on the bottom surface of the first substrate, on the bottom surface of the second substrate, or on the upper surface of the first substrate in the logo area. In another embodiment, the logo area may be backlit by transmitting light through one or more openings in the first and second black masking layers in the logo area.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有薄膜晶体管（TFT）层和滤色器层。 TFT层可以在平坦化层上具有第一衬底，第一黑色掩蔽层，平坦化层和TFT电路层。 滤色器层可以在第二基板上具有第二基板和第二黑色掩蔽层。 非活动区域的一部分可以用作用于向用户显示期望信息的标识区域。 反射结构可以形成在平坦化层的底表面，第一衬底的底表面，第二衬底的底表面上，或在徽标区域中的第一衬底的上表面上。 在另一个实施例中，标识区域可以通过将光透过标识区域中的第一和第二黑色掩蔽层中的一个或多个开口来进行背光。