摘要:
A process for manufacturing a semiconductor device, the process comprising the steps of: covering an electrode terminal forming surface of a semiconductor wafer, on which a plurality of semiconductor elements are formed and arranged, with a cover layer comprising a flexible insulating film on which re-wiring patterns are formed, to adhere the cover layer to the electrode terminal forming surface, in such a manner that electrode terminals of the semiconductor elements are electrically connected with connecting terminals of the re-wiring patterns; forming the semiconductor wafer with grooves from the surface opposite to the electrode terminal forming surface thereof, so that the grooves extend along boundary lines of the semiconductor elements; dividing the semiconductor wafer with the cover layer to obtain a plurality of units, each unit comprising a plurality of the semiconductor elements and a sub-divided cover layer to define a single semiconductor device; and folding the cover layer of the respective divided unit along the grooves, so that at least some of the semiconductor elements in the respective unit are stacked.
摘要:
A process for manufacturing a semiconductor device, the process comprising the steps of: covering an electrode terminal forming surface of a semiconductor wafer, on which a plurality of semiconductor elements are formed and arranged, with a cover layer comprising a flexible insulating film on which re-wiring patterns are formed, to adhere the cover layer to the electrode terminal forming surface, in such a manner that electrode terminals of the semiconductor elements are electrically connected with connecting terminals of the re-wiring patterns; forming the semiconductor wafer with grooves from the surface opposite to the electrode terminal forming surface thereof, so that the grooves extend along boundary lines of the semiconductor elements; dividing the semiconductor wafer with the cover layer to obtain a plurality of units, each unit comprising a plurality of the semiconductor elements and a sub-divided cover layer to define a single semiconductor device; and folding the cover layer of the respective divided unit along the grooves, so that at least some of the semiconductor elements in the respective unit are stacked.
摘要:
A loudspeaker is superior in space saving ability for enabling down-sizing of a device, to which the loudspeaker is employed, and has frequency characteristics easily designed and adjusted. The loudspeaker includes a vibration plate formed with a plurality of heat radiating through openings, and a vibrating portion responsive to an input electrical signal and driving the vibration plate for generating an acoustic vibration.
摘要:
In a water supply plant which cleans water taken in from such sources of intake water as lakes and marshes, dams, rivers and so on and delivers the water as city water, obstructions to water treatment is predicted and methods for preventing the obstruction are decided, by measuring kinds and quantity of plankton and comparing the measured data with rules representing relations among kinds and quality of plankton, obstructions to water treatment and counteractions to such obstructions stored in a rule base in advance.
摘要:
An electronic camera is provided which, in photographing, obtains size information about an object, generates the size information, or size data calculated through arithmetic operation, or a scale pattern based on the size data, and records the scale pattern on a recording medium in the same recording area as an object image or in a separate area made correspondent to a recording area for the object image, and which, when size display is instructed during photographing or in reproduction, displays a scale (including a pattern representing the scale, indications representing the scale by characters and/or figures such as graduation numerals, and color-coded indications representing the scale) together with the object image on the same screen. The object image is taken in from image sensing system means and, when a size display mode is instructed, processing means simultaneously calculates the size data based on the size information obtained from the image sensing system means and range measuring means for generating the scale pattern. The arithmetic operation and generation of the scale pattern may be performed on the reproduction side. The scale pattern, etc. are recorded on a recording medium (including the analog recording type and the digital recording type) together with the object image in the predetermined recording areas. In reproduction, when size display is instructed, the scale is synthesized with the object image to be output to a TV monitor or the like.
摘要:
Suspended substances, such as active sludge, in a liquor is treated in an apparatus for treating the liquor by predicting a suspension state on the basis of an amount of existing suspended substances in the liquor.
摘要:
An apparatus for sludge thickening including a sludge thickener allowing suspended solids of sludge supplied thereto to settle by their own weight while being thickened. The sludge supplied to the sludge thickener is subjected to aeration for a predetermined period of time in a sludge aerator. Aeration of the sludge strips the anaerobic gas, which is attached to the suspended solids in the form of bubbles or dissolved in the sludge, to atmosphere. By aeration of the sludge before being fed to the sludge thickener, floating of the thickened sludge in the thickener can be avoided.
摘要:
An injection control system of a flocculating agent comprises: a flocculating pool into which the inflow liquid flocculating agent is injected and which forms flocs of suspended matters in the liquid; flocculating agent injecting means for injecting the flocculating agent into the flocculating pool; floc image pickup means for photographing a state of the flocs in the flocculating pool and for converting luminance data of the flocs into an electric signal; image recognizing means for recognizing the shape of floc by binarizing the image signal derived from the floc image pickup means on the basis of a luminance level of each pixel; flocculation state deciding means for calculating a characteristic amount of a diameter distribution of the flocs on the basis of the floc shapes recognized by the image recognizing means; and injection amount control means for controlling an amount of the flocculating agent which is injected from the flocculating agent injecting means on the basis of the characteristic amount.
摘要:
A general-purpose internal combustion engine has a vertically extending crank shaft. The engine includes intake and exhaust valves disposed in overhead relationship to a cylinder head having an intake passage connected to the intake valve and an exhaust passage connected to the exhaust valve, the intake and exhaust passages being defined in opposite sides of the cylinder head. A carburetor and an air cleaner are coupled to the intake passage and located on the same side as the intake passage, and a muffler is connected to the exhaust passage and located on the same side as the exhaust passage. With this arangement, the engine has as small a height as possible.
摘要:
A radiation-curable resin composition is disclosed. It comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a photosensitizer added to 100 parts by weight of a mixture of 40 to 95 wt % of a resin having a molecular weight of at least 300 and at least one ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule and 60 to 5 wt % of .epsilon.-caprolactone modified 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate or methacrylate of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R=H or CH.sub.3 andn is 1 to 10.The composition has a high boiling point, low viscosity and shows reduced skin irritation and rash capability without sacrificing its inherent radiation-curing capability.