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    Gradient interface magnetic composites and methods therefor
    21.
    发明授权
    Gradient interface magnetic composites and methods therefor 失效
    梯度界面磁性复合材料及其方法

    公开(公告)号：US06303242B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-10-16

    申请号：US09458058

    申请日：1999-12-10

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Lois Anne Zook

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Lois Anne Zook

    IPC: H01M490

    CPC classification number: H01M4/8857 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/025 ,  B03C1/034 ,  B03C1/035 ,  B82Y25/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C23C6/00 ,  C23C24/08 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25D3/54 ,  G21F9/12 ,  H01F1/0027 ,  H01F1/0054 ,  H01F1/009 ,  H01F10/007 ,  H01F41/24 ,  H01F41/26 ,  H01F41/301 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/249 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y10T428/32

    Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different species of materials, for example, transition metal species such as lanthanides and actinides. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities, improved fuel cells, batteries, and oxygen concentrators. Some composites can be used to make a separator for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution. Other composites enable ambient pressure fuel cells having enhanced performance and reduced weight to be produced. Still other composites enable rechargeable batteries to be made that have longer secondary cycle life and improved output power. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.

    Abstract translation: 由于梯度界面，磁性复合材料表现出不同的通量特性。 该复合材料可用于改善燃料电池和电池，并影响不同种类材料的输送和分离，例如过渡金属物质如镧系元素和锕系元素。 可以利用包括分离器，用于引导磁性物质通量的电极，用于实现磁性物质电解的电极，用于引导电解质物质的系统，用于分离具有不同磁化率的颗粒的系统的改进的复合材料来制备各种装置 燃料电池，电池和氧气浓缩器。 一些复合材料可用于制造用于区分两种材料的分离器和用于调节化学物质流动的通量开关。 一些复合材料可以控制化学物种的运输和分配。 其他复合材料能够产生具有增强性能和减轻重量的环境压力的燃料电池。 其他复合材料使得可再生电池具有更长的二次循环寿命和改善的输出功率。 涉及这些复合材料的方法为这些复合材料提供了不同的方法。

    Self-hydrating membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
    23.
    发明授权
    Self-hydrating membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells 有权
    用于燃料电池的自我保湿膜电极组件

    公开(公告)号：US08227134B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-24

    申请号：US10684802

    申请日：2003-10-15

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Wayne L. Gellett ,  Drew C. Dunwoody

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Wayne L. Gellett ,  Drew C. Dunwoody

    IPC: H01M8/10

    CPC classification number: H01M8/0284 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M8/1051 ,  H01M8/1067 ,  H01M8/1088 ,  H01M8/109 ,  H01M8/1093 ,  Y02P70/56

    Abstract: Disclosed are self-hydrating membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), including MEAs that have been magnetically modified, which comprises (i) a cathode comprising an electrically conducting material having a catalytic material on at least a portion of a first surface thereof, the catalytic material comprising an effective amount of at least one catalyst component and at least one ion conducting material; (ii) a separator adjacent to and in substantial contact with the first surface of the cathode and comprising an ion conducting material; and (iii) an anode adjacent to and in substantial contact with the surface of the separator opposite the cathode and comprising an electrically conducting material having a catalytic material on at least a portion of a surface thereof adjacent to the separator, the catalytic material comprising an effective amount of at least one catalyst component and at least one ion conducting material; wherein the separator permits water to pass from the first surface of the cathode to the surface of the anode in an amount sufficient to sustain hydration of the anode and further wherein the cathode produces sufficient water to sustain hydration of the anode. Also disclosed are methods of manufacture of the self-hydrating MEAs, as well as fuel cells that require only a self-hydrating MEA and a source of fuel.

    Abstract translation: 公开了包括已被磁性修饰的MEA的自我保湿膜电极组件（MEA），其包括（i）包括在其第一表面的至少一部分上具有催化材料的导电材料的阴极，催化材料 包含有效量的至少一种催化剂组分和至少一种离子传导材料; （ii）与阴极的第一表面相邻并基本接触并且包括离子导电材料的隔板; 和（iii）与隔板相对的与阴极相对并基本接触的阳极，并且包括在与隔板相邻的表面的至少一部分上具有催化材料的导电材料，所述催化材料包括 有效量的至少一种催化剂组分和至少一种离子导电材料; 其中所述分离器允许水以足以维持所述阳极水合的量从所述阴极的所述第一表面传递到所述阳极的表面，并且其中所述阴极产生足够的水以维持所述阳极的水合。 还公开了制造自保湿MEA的方法以及仅需要自身水合MEA和燃料源的燃料电池。

    Multicomponent analysis of volatile organic compositions in vapor samples
    24.
    发明授权
    Multicomponent analysis of volatile organic compositions in vapor samples 有权
    蒸汽样品中挥发性有机成分的多组分分析

    公开(公告)号：US08080206B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-12-20

    申请号：US11090318

    申请日：2005-03-25

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    IPC: G01N33/48

    CPC classification number: G01N27/407 ,  G01N33/0047 ,  G01N33/497 ,  H01M8/04089

    Abstract: Amounts of volatile organic compositions can be evaluated from vapor samples based on the time dependent response of a fuel cell contacted with the vapor sample at its anode. The time response of the fuel cell signal, e.g., voltage or current, is de-convoluted using a set of standard curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the volatile organic compositions of a fuel cell with an equivalent construction as the sample-evaluation fuel cell. The methodology can be implemented on a system with an appropriate vapor collection device suitable for the particular application. The method and system can be used to analyze breath samples to evaluate ethanol levels or other volatile organic composition. The system can be a breathalyzer, a vehicle interlock, a medical analysis device or a sensor of environmental or industrial interest.

    Abstract translation: 挥发性有机组合物的量可以基于在其阳极处与蒸气样品接触的燃料电池的时间依赖性响应从蒸气样品评估。 燃料电池信号（例如电压或电流）的时间响应使用用于燃料电池的每种挥发性有机组合物分别获得的等效燃料电池配置的一组标准曲线进行去卷积，其具有与 样品评估燃料电池。 该方法可以在适合于特定应用的适当的蒸气收集装置的系统上实现。 该方法和系统可用于分析呼吸样本以评估乙醇水平或其他挥发性有机成分。 该系统可以是呼吸机，车辆联锁装置，医疗分析装置或环境或工业感兴趣的传感器。

    BREATH-BASED SENSORS FOR NON-INVASIVE MOLECULAR DETECTION
    25.
    发明申请
    BREATH-BASED SENSORS FOR NON-INVASIVE MOLECULAR DETECTION 有权
    用于非侵入性分子检测的基于路基的传感器

    公开(公告)号：US20080295573A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

    申请号：US12192038

    申请日：2008-08-14

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Luke M. Haverhals

    IPC: G01N33/497

    CPC classification number: G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/4972 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2250/00 ,  Y10S436/90

    Abstract: A method of diagnosing the health of an individual by collecting a breath sample from the individual and measuring the amount of each of a plurality of analytes in the sample. The amount of each analytes is measured by fitting a time response curve of a sample-evaluation fuel cell in which the fuel cell sample electrode is contacted with the sample with the analysis based on a function of standard time response curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the analytes on a fuel cell with equivalent construction as sample-evaluation fuel cell. Each of the plurality of analytes is generally indicative of an aspect of the individual's health. Suitable analytes include, for example, inorganic compounds as well as compositions that exhibit negative reduction reactions at least for a portion of the time response curve. In particular, acetone exhibits a negative potential/current peak when it is an analyte in a fuel cell in an sample electrode with a counter electrode exposed to oxygen, which may or may not be introduced in the form of air. Various forms of analysis to estimate acetone concentrations in the breath can be used.

    Abstract translation: 一种通过从个体收集呼吸样本并测量样品中多个分析物中的每一个的量来诊断个体健康的方法。 通过根据等效燃料电池配置的标准时间响应曲线的函数，通过拟合燃料电池样品电极与样品接触的样品评价燃料电池的时间响应曲线来测量每种分析物的量 在具有等效结构的燃料电池上的每个分析物分别获得作为样品评价燃料电池。 多个分析物中的每一个通常表示个体健康的一个方面。 合适的分析物包括例如无机化合物以及至少对于时间响应曲线的一部分呈现负还原反应的组合物。 特别是丙酮在样品电极中的分析物处于负电势/电流峰值时，其对置电极暴露于氧气，这可能是或可能不以空气的形式引入。 可以使用各种形式的分析来估计呼吸中的丙酮浓度。

    Breath-based sensors for non-invasive molecular detection
    27.
    发明申请
    Breath-based sensors for non-invasive molecular detection 有权
    基于呼吸的传感器用于非侵入性分子检测

    公开(公告)号：US20060130557A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-22

    申请号：US11305799

    申请日：2005-12-16

    Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Luke Haverhals

    Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Luke Haverhals

    IPC: G01N1/22

    CPC classification number: G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/4972 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2250/00 ,  Y10S436/90

    Abstract: A method of diagnosing the health of an individual by collecting a breath sample from the individual and measuring the amount of each of a plurality of analytes in the sample. The amount of each analytes is measured by fitting a time response curve of a sample-evaluation fuel cell in which the fuel cell sample electrode is contacted with the sample with the analysis based on a function of standard time response curves for an equivalent fuel cell configuration obtained separately for each of the analytes on a fuel cell with equivalent construction as sample-evaluation fuel cell. Each of the plurality of analytes is generally indicative of an aspect of the individual's health. Suitable analytes include, for example, inorganic compounds as well as compositions that exhibit negative reduction reactions at least for a portion of the time response curve. In particular, acetone exhibits a negative potential/current peak when it is an analyte in a fuel cell in an sample electrode with a counter electrode exposed to oxygen, which may or may not be introduced in the form of air. Various forms of analysis to estimate acetone concentrations in the breath can be used.

    Abstract translation: 一种通过从个体收集呼吸样本并测量样品中多个分析物中的每一个的量来诊断个体健康的方法。 通过根据等效燃料电池配置的标准时间响应曲线的函数，通过拟合燃料电池样品电极与样品接触的样品评估燃料电池的时间响应曲线来测量每种分析物的量 在具有等效结构的燃料电池上的每个分析物分别获得作为样品评价燃料电池。 多个分析物中的每一个通常表示个体健康的一个方面。 合适的分析物包括例如无机化合物以及至少对于时间响应曲线的一部分呈现负还原反应的组合物。 特别是丙酮在样品电极中的分析物处于负电势/电流峰值时，其对置电极暴露于氧气，这可能是或可能不以空气的形式引入。 可以使用各种形式的分析来估计呼吸中的丙酮浓度。

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