Systems and methods for defect detection using exoelectrons
    22.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for defect detection using exoelectrons 有权
    使用外电子进行缺陷检测的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08829886B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-09-09

    申请号:US13325731

    申请日:2011-12-14

    CPC classification number: G01N23/227

    Abstract: An defect detection system includes an exoemission sensor having a conductive layer and an insulating layer. The exoemission sensor is mountable to a material of interest and configured to receive exoemissions from the material while in an atmosphere. The exoemission sensor outputs a signal based upon the received emissions. An analysis device is configured to receive the signal from the exoemission sensor and determine whether a defect is present in the material based upon the signal.

    Abstract translation: 缺陷检测系统包括具有导电层和绝缘层的外切传感器。 外切换传感器可安装到感兴趣的材料上并且被配置为在大气中接收材料的排出物。 外切换传感器基于接收到的发射输出信号。 分析装置被配置为从外切换传感器接收信号,并且基于该信号来确定材料中是否存在缺陷。

    Mercury-free discharge compositions and lamps incorporating Titanium, Zirconium, and Hafnium
    26.
    发明授权
    Mercury-free discharge compositions and lamps incorporating Titanium, Zirconium, and Hafnium 失效
    不含汞的放电组合物和掺入钛,锆和铪的灯

    公开(公告)号:US07825598B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-11-02

    申请号:US11638913

    申请日:2006-12-14

    Abstract: A mercury-free discharge composition is provided. The mercury-free discharge composition may include Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, or combinations thereof, and a halogen. The composition may be capable of emitting radiation if excited, and the composition may produce a total equilibrium operating pressure of less than about 100,000 pascals if excited. A mercury-free discharge lamp is also provided. The mercury-free discharge lamp may include an envelope; an ionizable discharge composition including Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, or a combination thereof applied within the envelope.

    Abstract translation: 提供无汞放电组合物。 不含汞的放电组合物可以包括钛,锆,铪或其组合和卤素。 如果激发组合物可能能够发射辐射,并且如果被激发,组合物可产生小于约100,000帕斯卡的总平衡操作压力。 还提供无汞放电灯。 无汞放电灯可以包括信封; 包括钛,锆,铪或其组合在一起的电离放电组合物。

    Electrode materials for electric lamps and methods of manufacture thereof
    27.
    发明授权
    Electrode materials for electric lamps and methods of manufacture thereof 失效
    电灯用电极材料及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US07633226B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-15

    申请号:US11289955

    申请日:2005-11-30

    CPC classification number: H01J61/0677

    Abstract: An electron emissive material includes a composition including a metal oxide, where the metal oxide is at least one oxide of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, Hf, or Zr, or any combinations thereof, where the metal oxide is present in a quantity that ranges from about 20% to 100% by weight of the total composition, where the composition is operable to emit electrons in a discharge medium in response to a thermal excitation, wherein the discharge medium under steady state operating conditions producing a total vapor pressure of less than about 2×105 Pa. A lamp including an envelope, an electrode including an electron emissive material and a discharge medium, is also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 电子发射材料包括包含金属氧化物的组合物,其中金属氧化物是La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb, Lu,Y,Sc,Hf或Zr或其任何组合,其中金属氧化物的存在量为总组合物重量的约20%至100%,其中组合物可操作地发射电子 响应于热激发的放电介质,其中在稳态操作条件下的放电介质产生小于约2×105Pa的总蒸气压。包括外壳,包括电子发射材料的电极和放电介质的灯是 也披露。

    Analysis of mercury in fluorescent lamps by cold spotting
    29.
    发明授权
    Analysis of mercury in fluorescent lamps by cold spotting 失效
    通过冷点分析荧光灯中的汞

    公开(公告)号:US06682381B1

    公开(公告)日:2004-01-27

    申请号:US09628374

    申请日:2000-07-31

    CPC classification number: H01J9/42 H01J9/38

    Abstract: A method of analyzing a first gas in a lamp, including: cooling at least a first portion of a lamp below the condensation temperature of the first gas contained in the lamp while operating the lamp; maintaining the temperature of the first portion below the condensation temperature of the first gas until essentially all the available first gas contained in the lamp condenses on the surface of at least the first portion of the lamp; removing a second portion of the lamp, the second portion containing the condensed first gas; and analyzing at least one of the condensed first gas or the remaining bound gas.

    Abstract translation: 一种分析灯中的第一气体的方法,包括:在操作所述灯的同时,将包含在所述灯中的所述第一气体的冷凝温度以下的灯的至少第一部分冷却; 将第一部分的温度保持在第一气体的冷凝温度以下,直到灯中包含的基本上所有可用的第一气体至少在灯的第一部分的表面上冷凝为止; 去除所述灯的第二部分,所述第二部分包含所述冷凝的第一气体; 并分析至少一个所述冷凝的第一气体或剩余的结合气体。

    Fluid irradiation system with lamp having an external drive coil
    30.
    发明授权
    Fluid irradiation system with lamp having an external drive coil 失效
    带有外部驱动线圈的灯的流体照射系统

    公开(公告)号:US06534001B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-03-18

    申请号:US09351894

    申请日:1999-07-13

    CPC classification number: C02F1/325 A61L2/10 C02F2201/3221 C02F2201/326

    Abstract: The invention relates to an irradiation system for disinfecting water comprising a conduit which is transparent to ultraviolet radiation, a chamber having an annular cross section, disposed around the conduit, the chamber containing an ionizable gas, and a coil disposed around the chamber for ionizing the ionizable gas to produce an ultraviolet emission which propagates into the conduit to disinfect the water flowing through the conduit.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于消毒水的照射系统,包括对紫外线辐射透明的导管,具有环形横截面的腔室,设置在导管周围,容纳可电离气体的腔室和设置在腔室周围的线圈,用于电离 可电离气体产生紫外线辐射,其传播到导管中以对流过导管的水进行消毒。

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