公开(公告)号：US06562496B2

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09845531

申请日：2001-04-30

申请人： Michael T. Faville ,  M. James Grieve ,  John G. Noetzel ,  Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. ,  Christopher M. DeMinco ,  Kevin R. Keegan ,  John F. O'Brien ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  David R. Schumann ,  Steven R. Shaffer ,  Juergen T. Kammerer ,  Catherine C. Vavonese ,  James M. Haller ,  Donald J. Armstrong ,  Harry L. Husted ,  Haskell Simpkins

发明人： Michael T. Faville ,  M. James Grieve ,  John G. Noetzel ,  Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. ,  Christopher M. DeMinco ,  Kevin R. Keegan ,  John F. O'Brien ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  David R. Schumann ,  Steven R. Shaffer ,  Juergen T. Kammerer ,  Catherine C. Vavonese ,  James M. Haller ,  Donald J. Armstrong ,  Harry L. Husted ,  Haskell Simpkins

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： H01M8/04268 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M2008/1293

摘要： A method of starting a solid oxide fuel cell system is disclosed. The method comprises pressurizing a main plenum to a first pressure. The main plenum comprises a first supply of fuel, blowers, and air control valves. The first supply of fuel and a first supply of air are directed to a preheated micro-reformer. A heated pre-reformate is created in the micro-reformer and discharged from the micro-reformer to a main reformer. The main reformer is preheated with the heated pre-reformate. A second supply of fuel and a second supply of air are introduced to the main reformer. A heated main reformate is created in the main reformer and directed to a waste energy recovery assembly. A cathode supply is heated in the waste energy recovery system and then directed to a solid oxide fuel cell stack in order to heat the solid oxide fuel cell stack. Methods of transitioning, operating, shutting down, and maintaining in standby mode are also disclosed. A solid oxide fuel cell mechanization for a transportation vehicle is also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US08197981B2

公开(公告)日：2012-06-12

申请号：US11095063

申请日：2005-03-31

申请人： Sean M. Kelly ,  Diane M. England ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  John Weber

发明人： Sean M. Kelly ,  Diane M. England ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  John Weber

IPC分类号： H01M2/20 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0254 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/2425 ,  H01M8/2483

摘要： An interconnect element for electrically connecting an anode and a cathode in adjacent fuel cells in a fuel cell stack, wherein said interconnect element has at least one featured surface including dimples, bosses, and/or pins arranged in a two-dimensional pattern. Preferably, both surfaces are featured, as by mechanical dimpling, embossing, or chemical etching, so that protrusions of the interconnect surface extend into either or both of the adjacent gas flow spaces to make electrical contact with the surfaces of the anode and cathode. This permits conduction of heat from the anode. The protrusions create turbulence in gas flowing through the flow spaces, which increases hydrogen consumption at the anode and hence electric output of the cell.

摘要翻译： 一种互连元件，用于将燃料电池堆中的相邻燃料电池中的阳极和阴极电连接，其中所述互连元件具有包括以二维图案布置的凹坑，凸起和/或销的至少一个特征表面。 优选地，两个表面的特征在于机械凹坑，压花或化学蚀刻，使得互连表面的突起延伸到相邻的气体流动空间中的一个或两个中，以与阳极和阴极的表面电接触。 这允许来自阳极的热传导。 突起在流过空间的气体中产生湍流，这增加了阳极处的氢消耗，从而增加了电池的电输出。

公开(公告)号：US08129054B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-06

申请号：US13074589

申请日：2011-03-29

申请人： Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Karl J Haltiner, Jr. ,  Jeffrey G. Weissman

发明人： Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Karl J Haltiner, Jr. ,  Jeffrey G. Weissman

IPC分类号： H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/04776 ,  H01M8/04798 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0675 ,  H01M8/2425 ,  H01M2008/1293

摘要： A system for adding sulfur to a fuel cell stack, having a reformer adapted to reform a hydrocarbon fuel stream containing sulfur contaminants, thereby providing a reformate stream having sulfur; a sulfur trap fluidly coupled downstream of the reformer for removing sulfur from the reformate stream, thereby providing a desulfurized reformate stream; and a metering device in fluid communication with the reformate stream upstream of the sulfur trap and with the desulfurized reformate stream downstream of the sulfur trap. The metering device is adapted to bypass a portion of the reformate stream to mix with the desulfurized reformate stream, thereby producing a conditioned reformate stream having a predetermined sulfur concentration that gives an acceptable balance of minimal drop in initial power with the desired maximum stability of operation over prolonged periods for the fuel cell stack.

摘要翻译： 一种用于向燃料电池堆添加硫的系统，其具有适于重整含有硫污染物的烃燃料流的重整器，从而提供具有硫的重整产品流; 重整器下游流体耦合的硫捕集器，用于从重整产品流中除去硫，从而提供脱硫重整产物流; 以及计量装置，其与硫捕集器上游的重整产物流和硫捕集器下游的脱硫重整产物流体连通。 计量装置适于绕过重整产物流的一部分以与脱硫的重整产物流混合，从而产生具有预定硫浓度的调节的重整产物流，其给出初始功率的最小降低与所需的最大操作稳定性的可接受平衡 在燃料电池堆的长时间内。

公开(公告)号：US07754367B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-13

申请号：US11823591

申请日：2007-06-28

申请人： Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Lawrence A. Chick ,  Kerry D. Meinhardt ,  Vincent L. Sprenkle ,  Kenneth Scott Weil ,  Jin Yong Kim

发明人： Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Lawrence A. Chick ,  Kerry D. Meinhardt ,  Vincent L. Sprenkle ,  Kenneth Scott Weil ,  Jin Yong Kim

IPC分类号： H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/0228 ,  H01M8/021 ,  H01M8/0232 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/0297 ,  H01M8/2432 ,  H01M2008/1293

摘要： An interconnect system including: a separator plate to provide an anode gas flow space; a first metal interconnect disposed between the separator plate and an anode surface; a nickel oxide paste applied in a pattern over the surface of the anode and adjacent surface of the separator plate which when sintered results in a first conductive layer bonded to the anode and the first interconnect, and a second conductive layer bonded to the first interconnect and the separator plate; a second metal interconnect disposed between a cathode surface of the cell and the separator plate of an adjacent cell cassette; and a silver-containing paste applied over the surface of the cathode and the separator plate which when sintered results in a third conductive layer bonded to the cathode and the second interconnect, and a fourth conductive layer bonded to the second interconnect and the separator plate.

摘要翻译： 一种互连系统，包括：分隔板，用于提供阳极气体流动空间; 布置在隔板和阳极表面之间的第一金属互连; 在阳极表面和分隔板的相邻表面上以图案涂敷的氧化镍糊料，当烧结时形成结合到阳极和第一互连的第一导电层，和与第一互连结合的第二导电层，以及 隔板; 设置在电池的阴极表面和相邻电池盒的隔板之间的第二金属互连件; 以及施加在阴极和隔板的表面上的含银浆料，当烧结时形成结合到阴极和第二互连的第三导电层，以及结合到第二互连和隔板的第四导电层。

公开(公告)号：US20100143760A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-10

申请号：US12433920

申请日：2009-05-01

申请人： Anthony J. DeRose ,  Stefan M. Maczynski ,  Carolyn D. Fleming ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Rick D. Kerr ,  Karl J. Haltiner, JR. ,  Joseph Keller

发明人： Anthony J. DeRose ,  Stefan M. Maczynski ,  Carolyn D. Fleming ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Rick D. Kerr ,  Karl J. Haltiner, JR. ,  Joseph Keller

IPC分类号： H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0282 ,  H01M8/0286 ,  H01M8/0297 ,  H01M8/124 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： During manufacture of an SOFC assembly, an inhibitor is included to prevent migration of silver braze during subsequent use of the SOFC assembly. The inhibitor may take any of several forms, either individually or in combination. Inhibitors comprehended by the present invention include, but are not limited to: a) a mechanical barrier that can be printed or dispensed onto one or more SOFC stack elements around the braze areas to prevent mechanically-driven migration; b) an electrically insulating feature in the electrolyte or interlayer over the electrolyte layer in the seal margins to prevent electrical potential-driven migration; and 3) chemical modification of the braze itself as by addition of an alloying metal such as palladium.

摘要翻译： 在制造SOFC组件期间，包括抑制剂以防止随后使用SOFC组件期间银钎焊的迁移。 抑制剂可以单独或组合地使用几种形式中的任何形式。 通过本发明理解的抑制剂包括但不限于：a）能够印刷或分配到围绕钎焊区域的一个或多个SOFC堆叠元件上以防止机械驱动迁移的机械屏障; b）在密封边缘中的电解质层上的电解质或中间层中的电绝缘特征，以防止电势驱动迁移; 和3）通过加入合金金属如钯来对钎焊本身进行化学改性。

公开(公告)号：US20090004545A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-01

申请号：US11823591

申请日：2007-06-28

申请人： Karl J. Haltiner, JR. ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Lawrence A. Chick ,  Kerry D. Meinhardt ,  Vincent L. Sprenkle ,  Kenneth Scott Weil ,  Jin Yong Kim

发明人： Karl J. Haltiner, JR. ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Lawrence A. Chick ,  Kerry D. Meinhardt ,  Vincent L. Sprenkle ,  Kenneth Scott Weil ,  Jin Yong Kim

IPC分类号： H01M2/24 ,  H01M2/18

CPC分类号： H01M8/0228 ,  H01M8/021 ,  H01M8/0232 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/0297 ,  H01M8/2432 ,  H01M2008/1293

摘要： An interconnect system for connecting adjacent fuel cells in a fuel cell stack. The system comprises five elements: a separator plate to provide an anode gas flow space when joined to a mating cell frame; a first metal interconnect disposed between the separator plate and the anode surface; a nickel oxide paste applied in a pattern over the surface of the anode and adjacent surface of the separator plate which when sintered results in a conductive layer bonded to the anode and to the separator plate; a second metal interconnect disposed between the cathode surface of the cell and the separator plate of the adjacent cell cassette; and a silver-containing paste applied over the surface of the cathode and the separator plate which when sintered results in a conductive layer bonded to the cathode and to the separator plate.

摘要翻译： 一种用于连接燃料电池堆中的相邻燃料电池的互连系统。 该系统包括五个元件：分隔板，用于当连接到配合电池框架时提供阳极气体流动空间; 布置在隔板和阳极表面之间的第一金属互连; 在阳极表面和分隔板的相邻表面上以图案涂覆的氧化镍糊料，当烧结时导致结合到阳极和隔板的导电层; 设置在电池的阴极表面和相邻电池盒的隔板之间的第二金属互连; 以及施加在阴极和隔板的表面上的含银浆料，当烧结时导致结合到阴极和隔板的导电层。

公开(公告)号：US07422819B2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-09

申请号：US11158369

申请日：2005-06-22

申请人： Gary F. Reisdorf ,  Joseph M. Keller ,  Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Kenneth Scott Weil ,  John S. Hardy

发明人： Gary F. Reisdorf ,  Joseph M. Keller ,  Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Kenneth Scott Weil ,  John S. Hardy

IPC分类号： H01M2/08

CPC分类号： H01M8/0282 ,  H01M8/0286 ,  H01M2008/1293

摘要： In assembling an SOFC fuel cell stack from a plurality of cassettes, the mounting plate of one cassette is attached to, and insulated from, the separator plate of the next-adjacent cassette by a peripheral dielectric seal consisting of a ceramic coating and a metal braze. Materials suitable for the ceramic coating include yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ), zirconia toughened alumina, magnesium silicates such as the mineral forsterite, magnesium aluminates, magnesium aluminosilicates and lanthanum zirconate. The ceramic coating may be applied to the cassette's outer surface in known fashion as by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, sputtering, and various methods of plasma spray. An underlayer of alumina may also be used to provide a redundant layer of electrical insulation.

摘要翻译： 在从多个盒组装SOFC燃料电池堆时，一个盒的安装板通过由陶瓷涂层和金属钎焊组成的外围电介质密封件附接到下一相邻盒的隔板并与之隔绝 。 适用于陶瓷涂层的材料包括钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ），氧化锆增韧氧化铝，硅酸镁如矿物镁橄榄石，铝酸镁，硅铝酸镁和锆酸镧。 陶瓷涂层可以通过物理气相沉积，化学气相沉积，溅射和各种等离子体喷涂方法以已知的方式施加到盒的外表面。 也可以使用氧化铝的底层来提供冗余的电绝缘层。

公开(公告)号：US20050194720A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US11095063

申请日：2005-03-31

申请人： Sean Kelly ,  Diane England ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  John Weber

发明人： Sean Kelly ,  Diane England ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  John Weber

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/24 ,  B29C39/02 ,  C03C15/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0254 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/2425 ,  H01M8/2483

摘要： An interconnect element for electrically connecting an anode and a cathode in adjacent fuel cells in a fuel cell stack, wherein said interconnect element has at least one featured surface including dimples, bosses, and/or pins arranged in a two-dimensional pattern. Preferably, both surfaces are featured, as by mechanical dimpling, embossing, or chemical etching, so that protrusions of the interconnect surface extend into either or both of the adjacent gas flow spaces to make electrical contact with the surfaces of the anode and cathode. This permits conduction of heat from the anode. The protrusions create turbulence in gas flowing through the flow spaces, which increases hydrogen consumption at the anode and hence electric output of the cell.

摘要翻译： 一种互连元件，用于将燃料电池堆中的相邻燃料电池中的阳极和阴极电连接，其中所述互连元件具有包括以二维图案布置的凹坑，凸起和/或销的至少一个特征表面。 优选地，两个表面的特征在于机械凹坑，压花或化学蚀刻，使得互连表面的突起延伸到相邻的气体流动空间中的一个或两个中，以与阳极和阴极的表面电接触。 这允许来自阳极的热传导。 突起在流过空间的气体中产生湍流，这增加了阳极处的氢消耗，从而增加了电池的电输出。

公开(公告)号：US06821667B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US09968270

申请日：2001-10-01

申请人： Diane M. England ,  Sean M. Kelly ,  Subhasish Mukerjee

发明人： Diane M. England ,  Sean M. Kelly ,  Subhasish Mukerjee

IPC分类号： H01M802

CPC分类号： H01M8/0208 ,  F16J15/102 ,  H01M8/021 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/2425 ,  H01M8/2432 ,  H01M8/2484

摘要： Interconnects and perimeter spacers for a fuel cell stack are provided as flexible elements which can conform to non-planarities in a stack's electrolyte elements and thereby avoid inducing torsional stresses in the electrolyte elements. The interconnects are foil elements about 0.005 inches thick, formed of a superalloy such as Hastelloy, Haynes 230, or a stainless steel. The perimeter spacers comprise a plurality of laminate thin spacer elements, each thin spacer element being a laminate of superalloy and a “soft” material such as copper, nickel, or mica. The spacer elements can slide past one another; thus the perimeter spacers can be physically thick, to form the gas flow spaces within the stack, while also being torsionally flexible.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于燃料电池堆的互连和周边间隔物作为柔性元件，其可以符合堆叠电解质元件中的非平面性，从而避免在电解质元件中引起扭转应力。 这些互连件是约0.005英寸厚的箔元件，由诸如Hastelloy，Haynes 230或不锈钢的超级合金形成。 周边间隔件包括多个层压薄的间隔元件，每个薄间隔元件是超合金和诸如铜，镍或云母的“软”材料的层压体。 间隔元件可以彼此滑过; 因此周边间隔物可以物理上较厚，以在堆叠内形成气流空间，同时也具有挠性。

公开(公告)号：US06395904B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-28

申请号：US09486547

申请日：2000-06-06

申请人： John P. Caradonna ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Adonis Stassinopoulos

发明人： John P. Caradonna ,  Subhasish Mukerjee ,  Adonis Stassinopoulos

IPC分类号： C07F1500

CPC分类号： C07F15/025 ,  C07C29/48 ,  C07C235/50 ,  C07C315/02 ,  C07C2602/28 ,  C07D301/02 ,  C07C35/205

摘要： The subject invention provides a binuclear metal complex having structure (I) wherein M1, and M2 are independently selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Mn and Ru; wherein m and n are independently +2 or +3; wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently a linear C1-C6 alkyl, C5-C6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, etc.; wherein (i) R1 and R2, (ii) R3 and R4, or (iii) R5 and R6 independently and optionally are linked covalently and together with the respective adjoining C atom comprise a spirocyclic ring; wherein i, j and k are integers such that 2≦i+j+k≦4; wherein p is 1 or 2, and q is 0, 1 or 2 such that m+n−4=p×q; wherein (i) R1 or R2 and R3 or R4, (ii) R3 or R4 and R4 or R5, or (iii) R1 or R2 and R5 or R6 independently and optionally are linked covalently and together with the respective adjoining C atoms comprise a fused ring; wherein Ar is 1,2-phenylene, 1,2- or 2,3-naphthylene, etc., wherein said Ar is optionally substitued by C1-C6 alkyl or alkoxy; wherein L is N-methylimidazole, N-ethylimidazole, etc.; and wherein X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, etc. Also provided are methods of oxidation of alkanes, arenes, and sulfides using the binuclear metal complex as a catalyst and a method of preparing said complex.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供具有结构（I）的双核金属络​​合物，其中M1和M2独立地选自Fe，Co，Mn和Ru; 其中m和n独立地是+2或+3; 其中R1，R2，R3，R4，R5和R6独立地为直链C1-C6烷基，C5-C6环烷基，苯基等; 其中（i）R 1和R 2，（ⅱ）R 3和R 4，或（ⅲ）R 5和R 6独立地且任选被共价连接并与相邻的C原子一起包含一个螺环; 其中i，j和k是整数，使得2 <= i + j + k <= 4; 其中p为1或2，q为0,1或2，使得m + n-4 = pxq; 其中（i）R 1或R 2和R 3或R 4，（ⅱ）R 3或R 4和R 4或R 5，或（ⅲ）R 1或R 2和R 5或R 6独立且任选地与相邻的C原子共价连接并连接 稠环; 其中Ar为1,2-亚苯基，1,2-或2,3-亚萘基等，其中所述Ar任选被C 1 -C 6烷基或烷氧基取代; 其中L是N-甲基咪唑，N-乙基咪唑等; 并且其中X是氟，氯，溴等。还提供了使用双核金属络​​合物作为催化剂的烷烃，芳烃和硫化物的氧化方法和制备所述络合物的方法。