摘要:
In a system for cranking a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, a starter is provided with a motor working to, when energized, rotatably drive an output shaft with a pinion and an actuator working to, when energized, shift the pinion toward the ring gear to be engaged with the ring gear. A power supply is electrically connected to the motor and operative to output electrical power. A first mechanical relay is electrically connected between the power supply and the motor, and works to turn on and off a supply of a current based on the electrical power to the motor for rotating the pinion. A switching element is electrically connected across the first mechanical relay, and works to turn on and off the supply of the current to the motor for rotating the pinion.
摘要:
A laminated ceramic capacitor which has a dielectric ceramic with a high dielectric constant and has excellent reliability against changes in temperature and mechanical shocks, even when dielectric ceramic layers are reduced in thickness employs a dielectric ceramic containing (Ba1-xCax)yTiO3 (where 0.045≦x≦0.15 and 0.98≦y≦1.05) as its main constituent and containing Re2O3 (where Re is at least one of Gd, Dy, Ho, Yb, and Y), MgO, MnO, V2O5, and SiO2 as accessory constituents, which is represented by the general formula: 100(Ba1-xCax)yTiO3+aRe2O3+bMgO+cMnO+dV2O5+eSiO2, and satisfies each of the following conditions: 0.65≦a≦1.5; 0.98≦y≦1.05; 0.15≦b≦2.0; 0.4≦c≦1.5; 0.02≦d≦0.25; and 0.2≦e≦3.0.
摘要:
A two-point modulator using a voltage control oscillator includes: a modulation section including a feedback circuit for performing feedback control of a signal outputted from the voltage control oscillator based on an inputted modulated signal, and a feedforward circuit for calibrating the modulated signal and outputting the calibrated modulated signal to the voltage control oscillator; a signal output section for, upon calibration processing, outputting a predetermined reference signal in place of the modulated signal, to the modulation section; and a gain correction section for, in a state where the feedback circuit is in an open loop state, calculating a frequency transition amount of the reference signal outputted from the voltage control oscillator, and correcting a gain used for calibration of the modulated signal performed by the feedforward circuit, based on the calculated frequency transition amount.
摘要:
A vehicle power supply apparatus has first and second engine-driven electrical generators and first and second storage batteries, the first generator supplying a stable voltage to the first battery and a first set of loads, and the second generator supplying the second battery and a second set of loads, which can tolerate supply voltage variations. Operation of the second generator and charging/discharging of the second battery are controlled to maintain the total engine torque applied to the generators at a level whereby fuel consumption is reduced, while the supply voltage of the variation-tolerant loads is allowed to vary substantially.
摘要:
In a system for controlling a starter, the starter includes a pinion shiftable between an engagement position and a disengagement position. The starter includes an actuator configured to shift the pinion from the disengagement position to the engagement position when energized, and a motor configured to rotate the pinion when energized. The system includes a control circuit, a first switch unit configured to switch between energization and deenergization of the actuator under control of the control circuit, and a second switch unit configured to switch between energization and deenergization of the motor under control of the control circuit. The first switch unit and the second switch unit are individually arranged. The second switch unit includes a first relay configured to switch between energization and deenergization of the motor under control of the control circuit, and a second relay configured to control activation of the first relay.
摘要:
A battery portion (BAT) or another type of voltage shift portion is provided for shifting a control voltage (V2) in a direction which causes the anode potential of a variable-capacitance diode (VD) to be a negative potential and superimposes its battery voltage (Vb) on the control voltage (V2). Specifically, the battery portion (BAT) is inserted in a direction which causes the control voltage (V2) to be decreased and operates such that [control voltage (V2)−battery voltage (Vb)] is applied to the anode terminal of the variable-capacitance diode (VD). Then, the voltage applied to the variable-capacitance diode (VD) is [control voltage (V2)−control voltage (V1)−battery voltage (Vb)]. Thus, the variable capacitance range of the variable-capacitance diode (VD) is increased.
摘要:
A charged state detecting apparatus for a secondary battery is provided, which can suppress deterioration in the accuracy of detecting a charged state, such as an SOC, the deterioration being caused by variation of a polarization state of a battery. The charged state detecting apparatus stabilizes an amount of polarization of the battery, stops power generation upon confirmation of the stabilization of the polarization amount, and sufficiently alters the current of the battery to sample a required number of data pairs of voltage and current of the battery. Using these data pairs, the charged state detecting apparatus detects a charged state, such as the SOC, of the battery.
摘要:
A portable wireless communication apparatus is provided with antenna elements; a mobile phone signal processing circuit; a DTV tuner for receiving DTV low-band frequency signals and DTV high-band frequency signals; impedance matching circuits for the mobile phone signal processing circuit; and impedance matching circuits for the DTV tuner for receiving the DTV low-band frequency signals and DTV high-band frequency signals. A switch is changed to select either the DTV low-band frequency signals or the DTV high-band frequency signals, and output the selected signals to the DTV tuner. A tuner controller controls the switch to select the DTV high-band frequency signals by using the antenna element for transmission from the mobile phone signal processing circuit.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory array includes a first nonvolatile memory cell having a first charge storage layer and a first gate electrode and a second nonvolatile memory cell, adjacent to the first memory cell in a first direction, having a second charge storage layer and a second gate electrode. The first and second electrodes extend in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first electrode has a first contact section extending toward the second electrode in the first direction, and the second electrode has a second contact section extending toward the first electrode in the first direction. The first and second contact positions are shifted in the second direction, respectively, and the first electrode and the first contact section are electrically separated from the second electrode and the second contact section.
摘要:
According to the present invention, even though the paint is filled or discharged repetitively to or from the paint bag (5), so that bursting of a coating bag (5) or lack of coating material during coating are not caused by accumulation of error between the filling amount and the using amount.That is, before a predetermined amount of the coating material is supplied to the coating material bag (5), the remaining coating material in the coating material bag (5) is extruded to empty it, since the coating material bag (5) is squashed by the pressure of fluid which was supplied to the hydraulic fluid chamber (6) outside of the bag.