Abstract:
A beat frequency cancellation circuit, for an amplifier, includes a coupling device connected between two signal processing paths of the amplifier for compensating for beat frequency effects of output signals between the signal processing paths.
Abstract:
A dual damascene structure is disclosed. The dual damascene structure includes: a substrate comprising thereon a base dielectric layer and a lower wiring layer inlaid in the base dielectric layer; a dielectric layer on the substrate; a via opening in the dielectric layer, wherein the via opening misaligns with the lower wiring layer thus exposing a portion of the lower wiring layer and a portion of the base dielectric layer, wherein the via opening comprises a bottom including a recessed area; a barrier layer lining interior surface of the via opening and covers the exposed lower wiring layer and the base dielectric layer, wherein only the barrier layer fills the recessed area; and a copper layer filling the via opening on the barrier layer.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a semiconductor manufacturing process, in which a fluorine radical-containing plasma is used to etch a hard mask and a layer therebeneath; and a treatment is carried out using a gas reactive to fluorine radicals for reacting with residual fluorine radicals to form a fluorine-containing compound and remove it. Thus, precipitates formed by the reaction of fluorine radicals and titanium components existing in the hard mask to cause a process defect can be avoided.
Abstract:
A dual damascene process is disclosed. A substrate having a base dielectric layer, a lower wiring layer inlaid in the base dielectric layer, and a cap layer capping the lower wiring layer is provided. A dielectric layer is deposited on the cap layer. A silicon oxide layer is deposited on the dielectric layer. A metal hard mask is formed on the silicon oxide layer. A trench opening is etched into the metal hard mask. A partial via feature is etched into the dielectric layer within the trench opening. The trench opening and the partial via feature are etch transferred into the dielectric layer, thereby forming a dual damascene opening, which exposes a portion of the cap layer. A liner removal step is performed to selectively remove the exposed cap layer from the dual damascene opening by employing CF4/NF3 plasma.
Abstract:
An embodiment of the present invention involves a method of programming a memory cell. The memory cell is in a first state having a maximum initial threshold voltage. The memory cell is to be programmed to one of a plurality of states having a higher target threshold voltage relative to the maximum initial threshold voltage. There is a cue voltage between the maximum initial threshold voltage and the target threshold voltage. The memory cell has a drain region. The method includes applying a drain voltage to the cell by a programming pulse having a first width, determining whether the cell has reached the cue threshold voltage, and if the cell has reached the cue threshold voltage, changing the programming pulse width from the first pulse width to a second pulse width. The second pulse width is smaller than the first pulse width.
Abstract:
In one aspect, a first charge pump has serially arranged charge pump stages. Inter-stage nodes between adjacent stages are pumped by a second charge pump. In another aspect, timing of the charge pump stages is controlled by at a command clock signal. The command clock signal and command data are communicated between a integrated circuit with the charge pump and an external circuit.
Abstract:
A method for improving an over erasing effect of a charge-trapping memory cell. The charge-trapping memory cell has a transistor, which has a first terminal coupled to a first bit line and a second terminal coupled to a second bit line. First, the method erases the charge-trapping memory cell. Then, after the charge-trapping memory cell is completely erased, the first bit line is electrically connected to the second bit line to make a voltage level of the first bit line equal a voltage level of the second bit line such that the voltage level of the first terminal of the transistor equals the voltage level of the second terminal of the transistor.
Abstract:
An embodiment of the present invention involves a method of programming a memory cell. The memory cell is in a first state having a maximum initial threshold voltage. The memory cell is to be programmed to one of a plurality of states having a higher target threshold voltage relative to the maximum initial threshold voltage. There is a cue voltage between the maximum initial threshold voltage and the target threshold voltage. The memory cell has a drain region. The method includes applying a drain voltage to the cell by a programming pulse having a first width, determining whether the cell has reached the cue threshold voltage, and if the cell has reached the cue threshold voltage, changing the programming pulse width from the first pulse width to a second pulse width. The second pulse width is smaller than the first pulse width.
Abstract:
A method for improving an over erasing effect of a charge-trapping memory cell. The charge-trapping memory cell has a transistor, which has a first terminal coupled to a first bit line and a second terminal coupled to a second bit line. First, the method erases the charge-trapping memory cell. Then, after the charge-trapping memory cell is completely erased, the first bit line is electrically connected to the second bit line to make a voltage level of the first bit line equal a voltage level of the second bit line such that the voltage level of the first terminal of the transistor equals the voltage level of the second terminal of the transistor.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a semiconductor manufacturing process, in which a fluorine radical-containing plasma is used to etch a hard mask and a layer therebeneath; and a treatment is carried out using a gas reactive to fluorine radicals for reacting with residual fluorine radicals to form a fluorine-containing compound and remove it. Thus, precipitates formed by the reaction of fluorine radicals and titanium components existing in the hard mask to cause a process defect can be avoided.