公开(公告)号：US20070167831A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

申请号：US11686304

申请日：2007-03-14

Applicant: Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Pradip Mitra

IPC: A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/415 ,  A61B5/015 ,  A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/418

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting diseased tissue based upon infrared imaging in two different bands of infrared wavelengths is described. The use of two series of infrared images taken in two different bands of infrared wavelengths increases sensitivity to the subtle temperature changes caused by diseased skin and tissue, especially in the case of cancerous tissue. By sensing skin temperature, the homogeneity thereof, the time variations thereof and the correlation between the two series of infrared images, the present invention decreases the rate of false positives and false negatives. The increased discrimination due to two series of infrared images allows for reliable detection of diseased or cancerous tissue even in the presence of skin tone variations such as birthmarks, tattoos and freckles. The present invention finds special application in the field of breast cancer detection where subtle skin temperature variations may readily be sensed using two series of infrared images.

公开(公告)号：US06882409B1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-19

申请号：US10603707

申请日：2003-06-25

Applicant: Bruno J. Evans ,  Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Bruno J. Evans ,  Pradip Mitra

IPC: G01C1/00 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S7/481 ,  G01S17/87 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G01B11/26 ,  G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01S17/89 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/027 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J2003/2826 ,  G01S7/4802 ,  G01S7/481 ,  G01S7/4816 ,  G01S7/4863 ,  G01S17/87

Abstract: A multi-spectral detector for use in a passive/active system and a method for use in identifying an object in a field of view are disclosed. The multi-spectral detection system comprises an optically dispersive element, a detector array, and an integrated circuit. The optically dispersive element is capable of separating received LADAR radiation and radiation received from a scene into a plurality of spectral components and distributing the separated spectral components; and a detector array. The detector array includes a plurality of detectors capable of detecting the LADAR radiation; and a plurality of detectors capable of detecting the spectral components of the scene radiation. The integrated circuit is capable of generating a plurality of electrical signals representative of predetermined characteristics of the detected LADAR radiation and the detected spectral components. The method comprises passively detecting scene radiation employing a detector array; and actively detecting LADAR radiation through the detector array in parallel with passively detecting the scene radiation.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于被动/主动系统的多光谱检测器和用于在视野中识别物体的方法。 多光谱检测系统包括光学色散元件，检测器阵列和集成电路。 光学色散元件能够将接收的LADAR辐射和从场景接收的辐射分离成多个光谱分量并分配分离的光谱分量; 和检测器阵列。 检测器阵列包括能够检测LADAR辐射的多个检测器; 以及能够检测场景辐射的光谱分量的多个检测器。 集成电路能够产生代表检测到的LADAR辐射和检测到的光谱分量的预定特性的多个电信号。 该方法包括采用检测器阵列的被动检测场景辐射; 并通过检测器阵列主动检测LADAR辐射并行被动检测场景辐射。

公开(公告)号：US20050020924A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

申请号：US10625155

申请日：2003-07-23

Applicant: Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Pradip Mitra

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/026

CPC classification number: A61B5/415 ,  A61B5/015 ,  A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/418

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting diseased tissue based upon infrared imaging in two different bands of infrared wavelengths is described. The use of two series of infrared images taken in two different bands of infrared wavelengths increases sensitivity to the subtle temperature changes caused by diseased skin and tissue, especially in the case of cancerous tissue. By sensing skin temperature, the homogeneity thereof, the time variations thereof and the correlation between the two series of infrared images, the present invention decreases the rate of false positives and false negatives. The increased discrimination due to two series of infrared images allows for reliable detection of diseased or cancerous tissue even in the presence of skin tone variations such as birthmarks, tattoos and freckles. The present invention finds special application in the field of breast cancer detection where subtle skin temperature variations may readily be sensed using two series of infrared images.

Abstract translation: 描述了基于红外成像在两个不同红外波长带中检测患病组织的方法和装置。 使用两个不同红外波段的红外图像系列增加了对病变皮肤和组织引起的细微温度变化的敏感性，特别是在癌组织的情况下。 通过感测皮肤温度，其均匀性，其时间变化和两系列红外图像之间的相关性，本发明降低了误报率和假阴性率。 由于两系列红外图像的增加的鉴别，即使在诸如胎记，纹身和雀斑之类的皮肤色调变化的存在下也可以可靠地检测患病或癌组织。 本发明在乳腺癌检测领域中具有特殊的应用，其中可以使用两个系列的红外图像容易地感测到微妙的皮肤温度变化。

公开(公告)号：US06828642B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-07

申请号：US09836036

申请日：2001-04-17

Applicant: Lewis T. Claiborne ,  Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Lewis T. Claiborne ,  Pradip Mitra

IPC: H01L310352

CPC classification number: H01L27/14649 ,  H01L27/14625 ,  H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/0296 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  Y02E10/50

Abstract: A diffraction grating coupled infrared photodetector for providing high performance detection of infrared radiation is described. The photodetector includes a three-dimensional diffractive resonant optical cavity formed by a diffraction grating that resonates over a range of infrared radiation wavelengths. By placing a limited number of p/n junctions throughout the photodetector, the photodetector thermal noise is reduced due to the reduction in junction area. By retaining signal response and reducing the noise, the sensitivity increases at a given operating temperature when compared to traditional photovoltaic and photoconductive infrared photodetectors up to the background limit. The photodetector device design can be used with a number of semiconductor material systems, can form one- and two-dimensional focal plane arrays, and can readily be tuned for operation in the long wavelength infrared and the very long wavelength infrared where sensitivity and noise improvements are most significant.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于提供红外辐射的高性能检测的衍射光栅耦合红外光电检测器。 光电检测器包括由在一定范围的红外辐射波长上谐振的衍射光栅形成的三维衍射谐振光学腔。 通过在整个光电检测器中放置有限数量的p / n结，由于接合面积的减少，光电检测器的热噪声被降低。 通过保持信号响应和降低噪声，与传统的光电和光电导红外光电探测器相比，在给定的工作温度下，灵敏度提高到背景极限。 光电检测器件的设计可以与许多半导体材料系统一起使用，可以形成一维和二维焦平面阵列，并且可以容易地调整为在长波长红外线和非常长波长的红外线中操作，其中灵敏度和噪声改善 是最重要的。

公开(公告)号：US06775067B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-10

申请号：US10164483

申请日：2002-06-06

Applicant: James R. Wood ,  Pradip Mitra

Inventor： James R. Wood ,  Pradip Mitra

IPC: G02B2700

CPC classification number: G02B5/284 ,  H01S3/0057

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stretching a pulse, shaping a stretched pulse, and modeling a stretched and/or shaped pulse are disclosed. An etalon has a port, a partially reflective surface, and a fully reflective surface. A base pulse is introduced into the etalon, and a plurality of portions of the base pulse propagating from the etalon are collected. The collected portions are then combined to generate a stretched pulse whose width is proportional to the width of the base pulse. This can be modeled by assigning a transmission factor value to each one of a plurality of taps and a reflection factor value to each one of the taps, excepting only one tap. A transport delay for is assigned to each tap to which a reflection factor value was assigned, wherein the transport delay is proportional to the width of a base pulse.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于拉伸脉冲，成形拉伸脉冲以及对拉伸和/或成形脉冲建模的方法和装置。 标准具具有端口，部分反射表面和完全反射的表面。 将基准脉冲引入到标准具中，并收集从标准具传播的基本脉冲的多个部分。 然后将收集的部分组合以产生其宽度与基本脉冲的宽度成比例的拉伸脉冲。 这可以通过将多个抽头中的每一个分配传输因子值和对每个抽头的反射因子值进行建模，除了仅一个抽头。 分配给分配了反射因子值的每个抽头的传输延迟，其中传输延迟与基本脉冲的宽度成比例。

公开(公告)号：US20110031401A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-10

申请号：US12853174

申请日：2010-08-09

Applicant: Pradip Mitra ,  Jeffrey D. Beck ,  Mark R. Skokan

Inventor： Pradip Mitra ,  Jeffrey D. Beck ,  Mark R. Skokan

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  H01L31/0296 ,  H01L31/18

CPC classification number: G01J1/44 ,  H01L27/1446 ,  H01L27/14652 ,  H01L31/02161 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/024 ,  H01L31/02966 ,  H01L31/101 ,  H01L31/1032 ,  H01L31/1832

Abstract: A radiation detector is provided that includes a photodiode having a radiation absorber with a graded multilayer structure. Each layer of the absorber is formed from a semiconductor material, such as HgCdTe. A first of the layers is formed to have a first predetermined wavelength cutoff. A second of the layers is disposed over the first layer and beneath the first surface of the absorber through which radiation is received. The second layer has a graded composition structure of the semiconductor material such that the wavelength cutoff of the second layer varies from a second predetermined wavelength cutoff to the first predetermined wavelength cutoff such that the second layer has a progressively smaller bandgap than the first bandgap of the first layer. The graded multilayer radiation absorber structure enables carriers to flow toward a conductor that is used for measuring the radiation being sensed by the radiation absorber.

Abstract translation: 提供一种辐射检测器，其包括具有渐变多层结构的辐射吸收体的光电二极管。 吸收体的各层由诸如HgCdTe的半导体材料形成。 第一层被形成为具有第一预定波长截止。 层中的第二层设置在吸收体的第一层和第一表面之下，辐射被接收在该吸收体的第一表面下方。 第二层具有半导体材料的渐变组成结构，使得第二层的波长截止从第二预定波长截止到第一预定波长截止不同，使得第二层比带隙的第一带隙具有逐渐变小的带隙 第一层 分级多层辐射吸收器结构使得载体能够朝向用于测量由辐射吸收器感测的辐射的导体流动。

公开(公告)号：US07510532B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-31

申请号：US11686304

申请日：2007-03-14

Applicant: Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Pradip Mitra

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/415 ,  A61B5/015 ,  A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/418

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting diseased tissue based upon infrared imaging in two different bands of infrared wavelengths is described. The use of two series of infrared images taken in two different bands of infrared wavelengths increases sensitivity to the subtle temperature changes caused by diseased skin and tissue, especially in the case of cancerous tissue. By sensing skin temperature, the homogeneity thereof, the time variations thereof and the correlation between the two series of infrared images, the present invention decreases the rate of false positives and false negatives. The increased discrimination due to two series of infrared images allows for reliable detection of diseased or cancerous tissue even in the presence of skin tone variations such as birthmarks, tattoos and freckles. The present invention finds special application in the field of breast cancer detection where subtle skin temperature variations may readily be sensed using two series of infrared images.

公开(公告)号：US07214195B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-08

申请号：US10625155

申请日：2003-07-23

Applicant: Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Pradip Mitra

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/415 ,  A61B5/015 ,  A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/418

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting diseased tissue based upon infrared imaging in two different bands of infrared wavelengths is described. The use of two series of infrared images taken in two different bands of infrared wavelengths increases sensitivity to the subtle temperature changes caused by diseased skin and tissue, especially in the case of cancerous tissue. By sensing skin temperature, the homogeneity thereof, the time variations thereof and the correlation between the two series of infrared images, the present invention decreases the rate of false positives and false negatives. The increased discrimination due to two series of infrared images allows for reliable detection of diseased or cancerous tissue even in the presence of skin tone variations such as birthmarks, tattoos and freckles. The present invention finds special application in the field of breast cancer detection where subtle skin temperature variations may readily be sensed using two series of infrared images.

Abstract translation: 描述了基于红外成像在两个不同红外波长带中检测患病组织的方法和装置。 使用两个不同红外波段的红外图像系列增加了对病变皮肤和组织引起的细微温度变化的敏感性，特别是在癌组织的情况下。 通过感测皮肤温度，其均匀性，其时间变化和两系列红外图像之间的相关性，本发明降低了误报率和假阴性率。 由于两系列红外图像的增加的鉴别，即使在诸如胎记，纹身和雀斑之类的皮肤色调变化的存在下也可以可靠地检测患病或癌组织。 本发明在乳腺癌检测领域中具有特殊的应用，其中可以使用两个系列的红外图像容易地感测到微妙的皮肤温度变化。

公开(公告)号：US07135698B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-14

申请号：US10310246

申请日：2002-12-05

Applicant: Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Pradip Mitra

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L29/04 ,  H01L29/22 ,  H01L29/732

CPC classification number: H01L27/14652 ,  H01L27/14649 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: A multi-spectral super-pixel photodetector for detecting four or more different bands of infrared radiation is described. The super-pixel photodetector includes two or more sub-pixel photodetectors, each of which includes a diffractive resonant optical cavity that resonates at two or more infrared radiation bands of interest. By detecting infrared radiation at two or more different applied biases and by generating a spectral response curve for each of the sub-pixel photodetectors at each of these biases, the response to each of the individual bands of infrared radiation can be calculated. The response to each band of infrared radiation can be found by deconvolving the response at each bias. The super-pixel photodetector finds use in military and medical imaging applications and can cover a broad portion of the infrared spectrum.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于检测四个或更多个不同的红外辐射带的多光谱超像素光电检测器。 超像素光电检测器包括两个或更多个子像素光电检测器，每个子像素光电检测器包括在感兴趣的两个或更多个红外辐射带处共振的衍射谐振光学腔。 通过在两个或更多个不同的施加偏压下检测红外辐射，并且通过在每个这些偏压下产生每个子像素光电检测器的光谱响应曲线，可以计算对每个红外辐射的各个带的响应。 通过在每个偏压下解卷积反应可以发现对每个红外辐射带的响应。 超像素光电探测器用于军事和医学成像应用，可以覆盖广泛的红外光谱。

公开(公告)号：US07041983B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-09

申请号：US09976559

申请日：2001-10-12

Applicant: Pradip Mitra

Inventor： Pradip Mitra

IPC: G01T1/24

CPC classification number: H01L31/02966 ,  H01L31/1185 ,  H01L31/1832

Abstract: The described embodiments of the present invention include a method for forming a radiation detector. A radiation absorption layer is formed on a substrate. A wider bandgap layer is formed on the radiation absorption layer. A passivation layer is formed on the wider bandgap layer. A doping layer is formed on the passivation layer. The doping layer is then patterned and dopant is driven from the patterned doping layer into the junction layer and the radiation absorption layer to form a doped region. The passivation layer is patterned to expose the doped region and an electrical contact to the doped region is formed.

Abstract translation: 本发明的所述实施例包括一种形成辐射探测器的方法。 在基板上形成辐射吸收层。 在辐射吸收层上形成更宽的带隙层。 钝化层形成在较宽带隙层上。 在钝化层上形成掺杂层。 然后将掺杂层图案化并且掺杂剂从图案化掺杂层驱动到结层和辐射吸收层中以形成掺杂区域。 图案化钝化层以暴露掺杂区域，并且形成与掺杂区域的电接触。