摘要:
Processes for the conversion of carbohydrates to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons, and processes for increasing the solubility of carbohydrates used in such processes are disclosed. The solubility of carbohydrates may be increased by contacting the carbohydrate with an ion-exchange resin. The dissolved product may be hydrogenated and reacted in the present of a catalyst to form a reaction product containing non-aromatic and aromatic gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons.
摘要:
Processes for the conversion of hydrocarbons boiling in the temperature range of from about 80° F. to about 1000° F. to diesel boiling range hydrocarbons, and processes for increasing the cetane number and amount of n-C17 hydrocarbon products in such processes. Diesel boiling range hydrocarbons may be produced by contacting a hydrocarbon boiling in the above-mentioned boiling range with a triglyceride-containing compound to form a mixture, and then contacting the mixture with a hydrotreating catalyst under suitable reaction conditions.
摘要:
A method of making a composition, said method comprising, spraying a substance comprising platinum and iron into or onto an alumina-containing compound is disclosed. The resulting composition can then be used in a process for oxidizing carbon monoxide with free oxygen.
摘要:
This invention provides catalyst compositions that are useful for polymerizing at least one monomer to produce a polymer. This invention also provides catalyst compositions that are useful for polymerizing at least one monomer to produce said polymer, wherein said catalyst composition comprises a post-contacted organometal compound, a post-contacted organoaluminum compound, and a post-contacted treated solid oxide compound.
摘要:
A supported hydrogenation catalyst composition is disclosed which comprises palladium, an inorganic support such as alumina, and a selectivity enhancer selected from the group consisting of silver, phosphorus, sulfur, and combinations of two or more thereof. Also disclosed is a selective hydrogenation process in which highly unsaturated hydrocarbons such as diolefins and/or alkynes are hydrogenated with hydrogen to less unsaturated hydrocarbons such as monoolefins.
摘要:
A method for the oxidative conversion of feed organic compounds, such as methane and ethane, to product organic compounds, such as ethylene, in the presence of a free oxygen containing gas and a contact material comprising: (1) Group IA and/or Group IIA metals/O.sub.2 /halogen; (2) Group IA metals/La Series metals/O.sub.2 /halogen and, optionally, Group IIA metals; (3) Group IA metals/Zn/O.sub.2 /halogen and, optionally, Group IIA metals; (4) Group IA metals/Ti or Zr/O.sub.2 /halogen and, optionally, Group IIA metals; (5) Group IA and/or IIA metals/phosphate/halogen or (6) Co/Zr, Zn, Nb, In, Pb and/or Bi/P/O.sub.2 halogen, and, optionally, Group IA metals and/or S, in which a contact material containing no halogen or an ineffective amount are activated and/or regenerated by contacting them with a halogen and, when the contact material is contact material (6), with a reducing agent or both a reducing agent and a halogen. A method of making the contact materials is also disclosed in which they are prepared without a halogen and calcined in air and the halogen is supplied by, thereafter, treating them with a halogen and, when the contact material is contact material (6), treating it with a reducing agent to reduce its state of oxidation, prior to use, preferably in the reaction zone in which it is to be used.
摘要翻译:在含游离氧的气体和接触材料存在下,将诸如甲烷和乙烷的进料有机化合物氧化转化成产物有机化合物如乙烯的方法包括:(1)IA族和/或 IIA金属/ O2 /卤素; (2)IA族金属/ La系列金属/ O 2 /卤素和任选的IIA族金属; (3)IA族金属/ Zn / O 2 /卤素和任选的IIA族金属; (4)IA族金属/ Ti或Zr / O 2 /卤素和任选的IIA族金属; (5)IA族和/或IIA族金属/磷酸盐/卤素或(6)Co / Zr,Zn,Nb,In,Pb和/或Bi / P / O 2卤素,以及任选的IA族金属和/或S, 其中不含卤素或无效量的接触材料通过使其与卤素接触而被激活和/或再生,并且当接触材料是接触材料(6)时,与还原剂或还原剂和卤素反应。 还公开了制备接触材料的方法,其中它们在没有卤素的情况下制备,并在空气中煅烧,然后通过卤素提供卤素,然后用卤素处理它们,并且当接触材料是接触材料(6)时, 在还原剂使用前优选在其使用的反应区域中还原氧化还原剂。
摘要:
A process for absorption and subsequent desorption of carbon dioxide comprises contacting a CO.sub.2 -containing gas with a solid sorbent comprising alkali metal oxide and/or hydroxide (preferably LiOH) and lanthanum oxide. The used solid sorbent can be regenerated by heating, so as to desorb absorbed carbon dioxide.
摘要:
Methane is converted to higher hydrocarbons, paticularly ethylene and ethane, and most desirably ethylene, by:contacting a feed comprising methane, such as natural gas, and a free oxygen containing gas, such as oxygen or air, with a solid contact material, comprising:(a) a component comprising: at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Group IA and Group IIA metals;(b) a component comprising: at least one material selected from the group consisting of phosphate radicals and compounds containing phosphate radicals; and(c), optionally, at least one material selected from the group consisting of halogen ions and compounds containing halogen ions,under oxidative conversion conditions sufficient to convert the methane to the higher hydrocarbons.