公开(公告)号：US5528769A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-18

申请号：US178587

申请日：1994-01-07

申请人： John J. Berenz ,  Michael V. Aust ,  Martin M. Lacon

发明人： John J. Berenz ,  Michael V. Aust ,  Martin M. Lacon

IPC分类号： G01S7/02 ,  G01S7/03 ,  H03D7/12 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H04B1/28

CPC分类号： H03D9/0675 ,  H04B1/28 ,  G01S7/021 ,  G01S7/032 ,  H03D2200/0003 ,  H03D2200/0023 ,  H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： A monolithic high frequency downconverter which utilizes a three-stage low-noise amplifier, a singly balanced mixer, and a two-stage intermediate frequency amplifier. The downconverter is suitable for applications in a range of systems utilizing EHF frequencies, such as satellites, or phased array antennas. Other applications include RF front end of smart weapons operating at frequencies ranging from 35 to 94 GHz, and avionic systems employing channelized receivers and EW (electronic warfare) systems. The three-stage low-noise amplifier employs four-gate finger HEMT devices for reduced gate resistance and source impedance matching. The singly balanced active HEMT mixer employs a compact 180.sub.-- rat-race hybrid ring which significantly reduces the chip size and provides low conversion loss, high LO to RF isolation, high output, IP.sub.3 and high-spur rejection as compared to single-ended mixer designs. The circuit design techniques of the present invention are applicable at frequencies ranging from 10 to 100 GHz. AlGaAs/GaAs HEMT and AlGaAs/InGaAs HEMT versions have been produced. The downconverter of the present invention eliminates hybrid assembly and tuning, has a smaller size, lighter weight, and lower DC power consumption.

摘要翻译： 采用三级低噪声放大器，单平衡混频器和两级中频放大器的单片高频下变频器。 下变频器适用于利用EHF频率的一系列系统中的应用，如卫星或相控阵天线。 其他应用包括在35至94 GHz频率范围内运行的智能武器的射频前端，以及采用信道化接收机和EW（电子战））系统的航空电子系统。 三级低噪声放大器采用四门指HEMT器件来降低栅极电阻和源阻抗匹配。 单平衡有源HEMT混频器采用紧凑的180-大鼠竞赛混合环，与单端混频器相比，显着降低了芯片尺寸，提供低转换损耗，高LO至RF隔离，高输出，IP3和高阻抗抑制 设计。 本发明的电路设计技术适用于范围从10到100GHz的频率。 已经生产了AlGaAs / GaAs HEMT和AlGaAs / InGaAs HEMT版本。 本发明的下变频器消除了混合组装和调谐，具有更小的尺寸，更轻的重量和更低的DC功率消耗。

公开(公告)号：US5513390A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-30

申请号：US149671

申请日：1993-11-09

申请人： Michael W. Vice

发明人： Michael W. Vice

IPC分类号： H03D7/14 ,  H04B1/26

CPC分类号： H03D7/1441 ,  H03D7/1408 ,  H03D7/1491 ,  H03D2200/0023 ,  H03D2200/0043 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： A mixer including a "reflection" transmission line transformer having at least first and second ports. The ports are connected such that nearly complete coupling of energy between the ports relies on substantially complete reflection of energy at a reference plane of the transformer. In a preferred implementation there is produced at the first port an intermediate frequency (IF) signal and received a DC bias signal via an IF balun. At the second port there is inputted a radio frequency (RF) signal through an RF balun.The DC bias signal will preferably be provided to a set of phase-selecting GaAs MESFET transistors operatively connected between an LO balun and a third port of the reflection transformer. In the preferred implementation the MESFET transistors are realized using an MMIC.

摘要翻译： 包括具有至少第一和第二端口的“反射”传输线变压器的混频器。 这些端口被连接成使得端口之间几乎完全的能量耦合依赖于在变压器的参考平面上的能量的基本上完全的反射。 在优选的实施方式中，在第一端口产生中频（IF）信号，并通过IF平衡 - 不平衡变换器接收DC偏置信号。 在第二端口，通过RF平衡 - 不平衡变换器输入射频（RF）信号。 优选地，将DC偏置信号提供给可操作地连接在LO平衡 - 不平衡变换器和反射变压器的第三端口之间的一组相位选择GaAs MESFET晶体管。 在优选实施例中，MESFET晶体管使用MMIC实现。

公开(公告)号：US5280648A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-18

申请号：US746387

申请日：1991-08-16

申请人： Pierre Dobrovolny

发明人： Pierre Dobrovolny

IPC分类号： H03D7/12 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H04B1/26

CPC分类号： H03D9/0675 ,  H03D2200/0023 ,  H03D2200/0088 ,  H03D2200/009 ,  H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： A double-balanced wide band RF mixer includes a first bifilar balun transformer coupling a high level source of RF signal to the primary windings of a pair of trifilar balun transformers. The two output windings of each trifilar transformer are connected in series with the drain-source circuits of a pair of FET transistors which are alternately activated by a symmetric local oscillator signal. An IF signal with reduced second order products of the RF signal is developed between the output windings of the two trifilar balun transformers.

摘要翻译： 双平衡宽带RF混频器包括将高信号RF信号耦合到一对三相平衡 - 不平衡转换器的初级绕组的第一双向平衡 - 不平衡变压器变压器。 每个三相变压器的两个输出绕组与一对FET晶体管的漏 - 源电路串联连接，这些FET晶体管由对称本地振荡器信号交替激活。 在两个三相平衡 - 不平衡变压器的输出绕组之间产生具有降低的RF信号二阶积的IF信号。

公开(公告)号：US5060298A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-22

申请号：US282542

申请日：1988-12-09

申请人： Raymond M. Waugh ,  Mahesh Kumar

发明人： Raymond M. Waugh ,  Mahesh Kumar

IPC分类号： H03D7/12 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03F3/60 ,  H04B1/26

CPC分类号： H04B1/26 ,  H03D7/1408 ,  H03D7/1441 ,  H03D7/1458 ,  H03D7/1466 ,  H03F3/607 ,  H03D2200/0023 ,  H03D2200/0076 ,  H03D2200/0088 ,  H03D2200/009 ,  H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： A monolithic double balanced mixer with a high third order intercept point employs a local oscillator signal which is applied to the input port of a first active distributed element balun. The balun has two outputs which are applied via amplifiers to respective inputs of a double balanced resistive FET quad mixer. The double balanced resistive FET quad mixer employs four MESFETs arranged in a ring configuration. Two additional inputs to the quad mixer are obtained from a second balun which is also of an active distributed element configuration and receives at the input the RF signal. The quad mixer operates to produce mixing of the LO and RF signals at the outputs thereof. The outputs of the quad mixer are applied to a combiner which operates to combine the outputs of the quad mixer to produce at the combiner output an IF signal. The combiner can be a common gate combiner configuration with active loads or a distributed configuration employing FET devices in a distributed transmission line type of circuit.

摘要翻译： 具有高三阶截取点的单片双平衡混频器采用施加到第一有源分布元件平衡 - 不平衡变换器的输入端口的本地振荡器信号。 平衡 - 不平衡转换器有两个输出，通过放大器施加到双平衡电阻FET四通道混频器的相应输入。 双平衡电阻FET四通道混频器采用四个环形配置的MESFET。 从第二平衡 - 不平衡变换器获得四个混频器的两个附加输入，该平衡不平衡变换器也是有源分布元件配置，并在输入端接收RF信号。 四通道混频器的作用是在其输出端产生LO和RF信号的混频。 四通道混频器的输出被施加到组合器，该组合器操作以组合四通道混频器的输出，以在组合器输出端产生IF信号。 组合器可以是具有有源负载的公共栅极组合器配置或在分布式传输线路类型中使用FET器件的分布式配置。

公开(公告)号：US4994755A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-19

申请号：US355739

申请日：1989-05-22

申请人： Ward S. Titus ,  Manfred J. Schindler

发明人： Ward S. Titus ,  Manfred J. Schindler

IPC分类号： H03D7/12 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H03F3/60 ,  H03H11/32

CPC分类号： H03D9/0675 ,  H03F3/607 ,  H03H11/32 ,  H03D2200/0023 ,  H03D2200/0076 ,  H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03F2200/198

摘要： A double balun circuit is provided by connecting two pairs of circut types. The first circuit, a distributed divider circuit, includes first and second pluralities of field effect transistors, a common input transmission line, and a first and second output transmission lines. The common input transmission line is disposed to successively couple the input electrodes of each transistor of both the first and second pluralities of transistors. The output lines are disposed to successively couple the output electrodes of the respective ones of the plurities of transistors. Each output transmission line is coupled to one of the pair of output terminals of the circuit. A pair of inverter circuits comprised of an input transmission line, a plurality of field effect transistors, and an output transmission line having input and output electrodes successively coupled by respective input and output transmission line networks are coupled between the output electrodes of each one of a pair of divider circuits, such that an input electrode at the input side of the inverter circuit is coupled to one of the outputs of the divider circuit, whereas an input terminal coupled to the output side of the inverter is coupled to the output of the second one of the divider circuits. This particular arrangement provides an active double balun which may be used in a double baluns mixer.

摘要翻译： 通过连接两对环路类型提供双平衡 - 不平衡转换电路。 第一电路，分布式分配电路，包括第一和第二多个场效应晶体管，公共输入传输线，以及第一和第二输出传输线。 公共输入传输线被设置为连续地耦合第一和第二多个晶体管的每个晶体管的输入电极。 输出线被设置成连续地耦合晶体管的各个杂质的输出电极。 每个输出传输线耦合到电路的一对输出端中的一个。 由输入传输线，多个场效应晶体管和具有通过相应的输入和输出传输线网络连续耦合的输入和输出电极的输出传输线组成的一对逆变器电路耦合在一个 一对分压器电路，使得反相器电路的输入侧的输入电极耦合到除法器电路的输出之一，而耦合到反相器的输出侧的输入端耦合到第二 一个分频电路。 这种特殊的布置提供了可以用于双重巴伦混合器中的主动双重平衡 - 不平衡变压器。

公开(公告)号：US4947062A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-07

申请号：US196040

申请日：1988-05-19

申请人： Scott M. Weiner ,  Donald A. Neuf ,  Steven J. Spohrer

发明人： Scott M. Weiner ,  Donald A. Neuf ,  Steven J. Spohrer

IPC分类号： H03D7/12 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06

CPC分类号： H03D9/0675 ,  H03D7/1408 ,  H03D7/1441 ,  H03D7/1458 ,  H03D7/1491 ,  H03D2200/0023 ,  H03D2200/0043 ,  H03D2200/0047 ,  H03D2200/0074 ,  H03D2200/0088 ,  H03D2200/009 ,  H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： A double balanced mixer comprising a plurality of transistors, each transistor being adapted to operate in the microwave frequency range and including an input electrode, a control electrode, and an output electrode, the transistors being arranged in a ring configuration with the control electrodes of a first pair of the transistors being interconnected and the control electrodes of a second pair of the transistors being interconnected; circuitry for coupling an input signal having a frequency within a predetermined frequency band in the microwave frequency range to the input electrodes of the ring of transistors and for producing a 180.degree. relative phase difference between the input signal applied to the input electrodes of first transistors of the first and second pairs of transistors and the input signal applied to the input electrodes of second transistors of the first and second pairs of transistors; circuitry for coupling a local oscillator signal to the control electrodes of the ring of transistors and for producing a 180.degree. relative phase difference between the local oscillator signal applied to the control electrodes of the first pair of transistors and the local oscillator signal applied to the control electrodes of the second pair of transistors; and circuitry for biasing the plurality of transistors in their linear operating regions; whereby the ring of transistors produces at the output electrodes an output signal having a frequency which is a function of the frequencies of the input signal and the local oscillator signal for input signals within the predetermined frequency band.

摘要翻译： 一种双平衡混频器，包括多个晶体管，每个晶体管适于在微波频率范围内工作，并且包括输入电极，控制电极和输出电极，所述晶体管布置成环形结构，其中控制电极为 第一对晶体管互连，并且第二对晶体管的控制电极相互连接; 用于将具有在微波频率范围内的预定频带内的频率的输入信号耦合到晶体管环的输入电极的电路，并且用于在施加到第一晶体管的输入电极的输入信号之间产生180°的相对相位差 所述第一和第二对晶体管和所述输入信号施加到所述第一和第二对晶体管的第二晶体管的输入电极; 用于将本地振荡器信号耦合到晶体管环的控制电极并且用于产生施加到第一对晶体管的控制电极的本地振荡器信号与施加到控制器的本地振荡器信号之间的180°相对相位差的电路 第二对晶体管的电极; 以及用于在其线性操作区域中偏置所述多个晶体管的电路; 由此晶体管在输出电极处产生具有与预定频带内的输入信号相关的输入信号和本地振荡器信号的频率的函数的频率的输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US4603435A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-29

申请号：US642223

申请日：1984-08-20

申请人： Scott J. Butler

发明人： Scott J. Butler

IPC分类号： H03D7/12 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H04B1/26

CPC分类号： H03D9/0675 ,  H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： A 3 dB quadrature coupler is connected to an RF input terminal and an LO input terminal, and its outputs are connected to first and second antiphase power dividers. The outputs of the first and second antiphase power dividers are individually connected to the gates of four field effect transistors (FET's). The drains of two of the FET's are connected together and to a low pass filter, and the drains of the other two FET's are connected together and to a second low pass filter. The outputs of the filters are connected to the two inputs of a differential amplifier, and the IF signal is taken at the output of the differential amplifier.

摘要翻译： 3dB正交耦合器连接到RF输入端和LO输入端，其输出连接到第一和第二反相电源分配器。 第一和第二反相功率分配器的输出分别连接到四个场效应晶体管（FET）的栅极。 两个FET的漏极连接在一起并连接到低通滤波器，另外两个FET的漏极连接在一起并连接到第二个低通滤波器。 滤波器的输出端连接到差分放大器的两个输入端，IF信号在差分放大器的输出端取。

公开(公告)号：US4590616A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-20

申请号：US628174

申请日：1984-07-06

申请人： Hendrik F. van Glabbeek

发明人： Hendrik F. van Glabbeek

IPC分类号： H04B1/26 ,  H03B1/04 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H04B1/10 ,  H04B1/28 ,  H04B15/06

CPC分类号： H04B1/28 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1231 ,  H04N5/50 ,  H03B2200/0082 ,  H03B2200/0088 ,  H03B2200/0098 ,  H03B2202/08 ,  H03D7/14

摘要： RF-tuning device comprising a switching mixer stage (M) and a tuning oscillator (O) coupled thereto. According to the invention, so as to reduce the noise contribution of the mixer stage (M) without increasing the oscillator radiation, the slew rate of the oscillator switching signal applied to the mixer stage (M) is increased by connecting bistable trigger circuit between the tuning oscillator and the mixing stage. Under the control of the tuning oscillator, the bistable trigger circuit generates a substantially square-wave output signal.

摘要翻译： RF调谐装置包括与其耦合的开关混频器级（M）和调谐振荡器（O）。 根据本发明，为了在不增加振荡器辐射的情况下降低混频器级（M）的噪声贡献，施加到混频器级（M）的振荡器切换信号的转换速率通过将双稳态触发电路 调谐振荡器和混合阶段。 在调谐振荡器的控制下，双稳态触发电路产生大致方波输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US4541124A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-10

申请号：US500863

申请日：1983-06-03

申请人： Clement F. Lacour ,  Yannick Latouche

发明人： Clement F. Lacour ,  Yannick Latouche

IPC分类号： H01P5/10 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H04B1/26

CPC分类号： H03D9/0633 ,  H01P5/10 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H03D7/1408

摘要： The mixer comprises two parallel conductors placed on each side of a substrate, two diodes mounted in series between the first ends of the two conductors, an incident-wave input connected between the second conductor-end located on the second face of the substrate and a ground line located on the first face, a mixing-wave input connected to means for applying between the ends of each diode an electric field produced by the mixing wave, and a mixed-wave output connected between at least one end of a diode and the ground line. The end of the conductor of the two-wire line is left free and electrically isolated from the ground line by means of a gap.

摘要翻译： 混合器包括放置在基板的每一侧上的两个平行导体，两个二极管串联连接在两个导体的第一端之间，入射波输入端连接在位于基板的第二面上的第二导体端和 位于第一面上的接地线，混合波输入端连接到用于在每个二极管的端部之间施加由混合波产生的电场的装置，以及连接在二极管的至少一端和 接地线。 双线线路的导体的末端通过间隙离开地线并与电线隔离。

公开(公告)号：US11817826B2

公开(公告)日：2023-11-14

申请号：US17886061

申请日：2022-08-11

申请人： Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute

发明人： Woojin Chang ,  Dong Min Kang ,  Byoung-Gue Min ,  Jong Yul Park ,  Jongmin Lee ,  Yoo Jin Jang ,  Kyu Jun Cho ,  Hong Gu Ji

IPC分类号： H03D7/12 ,  H03H7/38 ,  H03D7/14

CPC分类号： H03D7/125 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H03H7/38

摘要： Disclosed is a frequency mixer. The frequency mixer includes a first matching circuit that generates a matched local oscillator (LO) signal based on an LO signal, a non-linear circuit that generates a non-linear LO signal based on the matched LO signal, a second matching circuit that generates a matched radio frequency (RF) signal based on an RF signal, a mixing circuit that generates a mixed signal based on a mixing of the non-linear LO signal and the matched RF signal, a third matching circuit that generates an intermediate frequency (IF) signal based on the mixed signal, wherein the non-linear circuit includes a non-linear transistor, a bias transistor, and an internal matching circuit connected in series.